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Influences of lauric acid addition on performance, nutrient digestibility and proteins related to mammary gland development in dairy cows

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ANIMAL NUTRITION 2024年第3期18卷 272-283页

作者： Zhang, Jing Bu, Lijun Liu, Yapeng Huo, Wenjie Xia, Chengqiang Pei, Caixia Liu, Qiang Shanxi Agr Univ Coll Anim Sci Taigu 030801 Shanxi Peoples R China

Lauric acid (LA) has the possibility to improve milk production in dairy cows by improving mammary gland development, however, the mechanism by which it might regulate mammary gland development is unclear. The influence of LA on milk production, nutrient digestibility and the expression of proteins related to mammary gland development in dairy cows were evaluated. Forty primiparous Holstein dairy cows were divided into 4 groups in a randomized block design. Four treatments included the control (0 g/d LA per cow), low-LA (100 g/d LA per cow), medium-LA (200 g/d LA per cow), and high-LA (300 g/ d LA per cow). Yields of milk, fat-corrected milk, and energy-corrected milk quadratically increased (P < 0.05), and yield and content of milk fat linearly increased (P < 0.05) with LA supplementation. Percentages of C12:0, C18:1 and C20:1 fatty acids in milk fat linearly increased (P < 0.05), but that of C16:0 fatty acid linearly decreased (P 1/4 0.046). Supplementation of LA led to a linear and quadratical increase (P < 0.05) in digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre, and ruminal total volatile fatty acid concentration but a linear reduction (P 1/4 0.018) in the ratio of acetate to propionate. The enzymatic activities of ruminal pectinase, xylanase, and a-amylase, and populations of total bacteria and anaerobic fungi increased linearly (P < 0.05), while populations of total protozoa and methanogens decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with increased LA addition. Following LA addition, blood glucose, triglyceride, estradiol, prolactin, and insulin-like growth factor 1 concentrations increased linearly (P < 0.05) and albumin and total protein concentrations increased quadratically (P < 0.05). Moreover, addition of 200 g/d LA promoted (P < 0.05) the expression of protein involved in mammary gland development and fatty acids synthesis. These results suggested that LA addition enhanced milk production and fatty acids synthesis by sti

关键词： Lactation performance Lauric acid Mammary gland development Milk fat synthesis Nutrient digestibility RUMINAL PROTOZOA NUMBERS epithelial-cells MILK-PRODUCTION COCONUT OIL FERMENTATION PATTERN METHANE PRODUCTION FATTY-ACIDS RUMEN DIGESTION PROLIFERATION

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Materials for neuro-transplantation and the amnion

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Chinese Medical Journal 2006年第16期119卷 1323-1326页

作者： WU Zhi-yuan HUI Guo-zhen Department of Neurosurgery First Affiliated Hospital of SoochowUniversity Suzhou 215006 China

Though tens thousands of people are suffering from spinal cord injury （the majority are young people）, effective treatments are rare. To patients doctors may say ＂we have done our best, let＇s wait and see if some miracle will happen.＂ It is glad that decades＇ researches have shed some light on the mechanism of spinal cord damage and identified several targets for intervention. The successful transplants in mammal animals in particular get our hopes up for the repair of human spinal cord injury.

关键词： epithelial-cells SPINAL-CORD NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS AXONAL REGENERATION RATS DEGENERATION SUBSTRATUM GROWTH REPAIR MYELIN

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Blockade of cholecystokinin-2 receptor and cyclooxygenase-2 synergistically induces cellapoptosis, and inhibits the proliferation of human gastric cancer cells in vitro

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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 2008年第7期 932-932页

作者： Zhu,F. Chen,G.S. Su,H. Luo,C. Zhao,Q.S. Zhang,Y. Shao,Y. Sun,J. Zhou,S.M. Ding,G.X. Cheng,Y.L.Nanjing Med Univ,Affiliated Hosp 1,Dept Geriatr,Nanjing 210029,Jiangsu,Peoples R China.Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ,Dept Gastroenterol,Shanghai Peoples Hosp 1,Shanghai 200080,Peoples R China.Govt Off Hosp Jiangsu Prov Peoples Govt,Dept Med,Nanjing 210024,Jiangsu,Peoples R China.Chinese Acad Sci,State Key Lab Phytochem & Plant Resources W China,Kunming Inst Bot,Kunming 650204,Peoples R China.Univ Turku,Inst Biomed,FIN-20520 Turku,Finland.Univ Hong Kong,Dept Chem,Hong Kong,Hong Kong,Peoples R China.

Gastrin and cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) playimportant roles in the carcinogenesis and progression ofgastric ***,it remains unknown whether the combination of cholecystokinin-2(CCK-2) receptor antagonist plus COX-2 inhibitor exerts synergistic anti-tumor effects on human gastric ***,we demonstrated that the combination of AG-041R(a CCK-2 receptor antagonist) plus NS-398(a selective COX-2 inhibitor) treatment had synergistic effects on proliferation inhibition,apoptosis induction,down-regulation of Bcl-2 and up-regulation of Bax expression in MKN-45 *** results indicate that simultaneous targeting of CCK-2 receptor and COX-2 may inhibit gastric cancer development more effectively than targeting either molecule alone.(C)2008 Elsevier Ireland *** rights reserved.

关键词： cholecystokinin-2 receptor cyclooxygenase-2 MKN-45 cell proliferation apoptosis hepatocyte growth-factor helicobacter-pylori epithelial-cells semiempirical methods human stomach up-regulation expression carcinoma proteins bcl-2

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All-trans retinoic acid attenuates ultraviolet radiation-induced down-regulation of aquaporin-3 and water permeability in human keratinocytes

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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 2008年第5期 639-639页

作者： Amaral,A Kouttab,N Providence Coll Dept Biol Providence RI 02918 USA. Brown Univ Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol Providence RI 02912 USA. Nanjing Med Univ Dept Dermatol Nanjing Peoples R China. Boston Univ Roger Williams Med Ctr Dept Pathol Providence RI USA. Providence Coll Dept Biol Providence RI 02918 USA. Brown Univ Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol Providence RI 02912 USA. Nanjing Med Univ Dept Dermatol Nanjing Peoples R China. Boston Univ Roger Williams Med Ctr Dept Pathol Providence RI USA.

One of the major characteristics of human skin photoaging induced by ultraviolet(UV) radiation is the dehydration of theskin. Water movement across plasma membrane occurs via diffusion through lipid bilayer and via aquaporins (AQPs). We find thatUV induces aquaporin-3 (AQP3) down-regulation in human skin keratinocytes. MEK/ERK inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 inhibitUV-induced down-regulation of AQP3. Antioxidant N-acetyl-L-cysteine or NAC blocks UV-induced MEK/ERK activation and down-regulation of AQP3. All-trans retinoic acid or atRA, while alone inducing AQP3 expression, attenuates UV-induced down-regulationof AQP3 and water permeability. Using special inhibitors, we find that activation of EGFR and inhibition on ERK activation are in-volved in atRA’s protective effects against UV-induced AQP3 down-regulation. Using specific AQP3’s water transport inhibitors andsiRNA knockdown, we observe that AQP3 is involved in cell migration and in vitro wound healing. UV-induced AQP3 down-regula-tion results in reduced water permeability, decreased cell migration, and delayed wound healing, which are attenuated by atRApretreatment. We conclude that atRA protects against UV-induced down-regulation AQP3 and decrease in water permeability, reduc-tion in cell migration and delayed in vitro wound healing via trans-activation of EGFR and inhibition on ROS-mediated MEK/ERKpathway. This novel finding provides evidence to support possible involvement of AQP3 in UV induced skin dehydration.

关键词： skin in-vivo growth-factor receptor heparin-binding egf photoaged skin topical tretinoin epithelial-cells survival pathway irradiation activation inhibition

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Aldosterone-induced mesangial cell proliferation is mediated by EGF receptor transactivation

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南京医科大学学报(自然科学版) 2009年第7期 991-991页

作者： Huang, S. M. Zhang, A. H. Ding, G. X. Chen, R. H. Nanjing Med Univ, Nanjing Childrens Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Nanjing, Peoples R China. Nanjing Med Univ, Inst Pediat, Nanjing, Peoples R China.

Huang S, Zhang A, Ding G, Chen R. Aldosterone-induced mesangial cell proliferation is mediated by EGF receptor transactivation. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 296: F1323-F1333, 2009. First published April 1, 2009; doi: 10.1152 / ajprenal. 90428.2008. -Aldosterone (Aldo) stimulates glomerular mesangial cell (MC) proliferation, in part, through an ERK1 / 2-dependent pathway. In this study, we examined whether Aldo activation of ERK1 / 2 in MC is mediated through redox-dependent EGF receptor (EGFR) transactivation, as well as the involvement of other signaling mechanisms in Aldo-induced MC proliferation. Aldo increased human MC proliferation, as determined by [H-3]thymidine incorporation and cell counts. This increase in proliferation was blocked by inhibition of the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Continuing our observations downstream in the signaling pathway, we examined the ability of Aldo to activate both the Ras / MAPK and the PI3K signaling pathways. Aldo increased Ki-RasA and Ki-RasA:GTP levels, and sequentially phosphorylated c-Raf, MAPK kinase (MEK1 / 2), and ERK1 / 2. Ki-RasA small interfering RNA (siRNA), the c-Raf inhibitor GW5074, and the MEK1 / 2 inhibitor PD98059 reduced Aldo-induced cell proliferation by similar to 65%. Aldo also increased phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and the 70-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K1). Inhibition of the PI3K pathways by the selective PI3K inhibitor LY 294002, an Akt inhibitor, or the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin reduced cell proliferation by 51% . Combining LY 294002 and PD98059 completely blocked Aldo-induced MC proliferation. Next, we confirmed that Aldo exerts its effect on MAPK and PI3K activation, as well as on cell proliferation, by activating the EGFR. Pretreatment with the EGFR antagonist AG1478 inhibited MC proliferation, as well as the activation of Ras / MAPK and PI3K / Akt, suggesting that Ras / MAPK and PI3K / Akt activation occur downstream of EGFR activation. Finally, we exa

关键词： reactive oxygen species PI3K hypertensive-rats phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase stimulates proliferation mesenchymal transition epithelial-cells nadph oxidase s6 kinase activation ras cascade

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