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enso cycle and climate anomaly in China

Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2012年第6期30卷 985-1000页

作者：陈永利赵永平冯俊乔王凡 Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Waves Chinese Academy of Sciences

The inter-annual variability of the tropical Pacific Subsurface Ocean Temperature Anomaly （SOTA） and the associated anomalous atmospheric circulation over the Asian North Pacific during the E1 Nifio-Southern Oscillation （enso） were investigated using National Centers for Environmental Prediction/ National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） atmospheric reanalysis data and simple ocean data simulation （SODA）. The relationship between the enso and the climate of China was revealed. The main results indicated the following： 1） there are two enso modes acting on the subsurface tropical Pacific. The first mode is related to the mature phase of enso, which mainly appears during winter. The second mode is associated with a transition stage of the enso developing or decaying, which mainly occurs during summer; 2） during the mature phase of E1Nifio, the meridionality of the atmosphere in the mid-high latitude increases, the Aleutian low and high pressure ridge over Lake Baikal strengthens, northerly winds prevail in northern China, and precipitation in northern China decreases significantly. The ridge of the Ural High strengthens during the decaying phase of E1 Nifio, as atmospheric circulation is sustained during winter, and the northerly wind anomaly appears in northern China during summer. Due to the ascending branch of the Walker circulation over the western Pacific, the western Pacific Subtropical High becomes weaker, and south-southeasterly winds prevail over southern China. As a result, less rainfall occurs over northern China and more rainfall over the Changjiang River basin and the southwestern and eastern region of Inner Mongolia. The flood disaster that occurred south of Changjiang River can be attributed to this. The La Nifm event causes an opposite, but weaker effect; 3） the enso cycle can influence climate anomalies within China via zonal and meridional heat transport. This is known as the ＂atmospheric-bridge＂, where the energy anomaly within the tropic

关键词： enso cycle tropical Pacific Ocean subsurface ocean temperature anomalies interannualvariability climate anomaly of China

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The 1997/ 98 enso cycle and Its Impact on Summer Climate Anomalies in East Asia

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2000年第3期17卷 348-362页

作者：黄荣辉张人禾张庆云 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing

The observed data of the sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and the sea temperature (ST) in the sub-layer of the equatorial Pacific, the NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data and the data set of daily precipitation in China are used to analyze the characteristics of the 1997 / 98 enso cycle and its impact on summer climate anomalies in East Asia. The results show that the 1997/98 enso cycle, the strongest one in the 20th century, might be characterized by rapid development and decay and eastward propagation from the West Pacific warm pool. Influenced by the enso cycle, in 1997, the serious drought and hot summer occurred in North China, and in the summer of 1998, the severe floods occurred in the Yangtze River valley, especially in the Dongting Lake and Boyang Lake valleys, South Korea and Japan. The analysis also shows that: influenced by the 1997/98 enso cycle, the water vapor transportation by the Asian monsoon in the summer of 1997 was very different from that in the summer of 1998. In the summer of 1997, the water vapor transportation by the Asian summer monsoon was weak in North China and the northern part of the Korea Peninsula. Thus, it caused the drought and hot summer in North China. However, in the summer of 1998, the sea temperature in the sub-layer of the West Pacific warm pool dropped, the western Pacific subtropical high shifted southward. Thus, a large amount of water vapor was transported from the Bay of Bengal, the South China Sea and the tropical western Pacific into the Yangtze River valley of China, South Korea and Japan, and the severe flood occurred there. Key words enso cycle - Climate anomaly - Monsoon - Drought and flood This study was supported by the National Key Programme for Developing Basic Sciences under Grant No. G1998040900(I).

关键词： enso cycle Climate anomaly Monsoon Drought and flood

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A Study on the Physical Processes of the Formation of the enso cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1395-1406页

作者： ZONG Haifeng International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of Sciences

The physical processes involved in the formation of the enso cycle,as well as the possible roles of the Hadley circulation （HC）,Walker circulation （WC）,and the propagating waves of the Southern Oscillation/Northern Oscillation （SO/NO） in its formation,were studied using composite and regression *** analysis showed that the convection and heat release triggered by enso in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific are the primary drivers for the 3-5 year cycle of the HC,WC and the meridional/zonal *** HC plays a key role in the influence of enso on the circulation outside the tropics through angular momentum ***,the feedback effects of the anomalous circulation in the mid-high latitudes on enso are accomplished by the propagating waves of SO/NO associated with the evolutions of HC and *** propagating waves are the main agents of the connections among the meridional/zonal circulation outside the tropics,the Asian/Australian monsoon,the anomalous easterly/westerly winds over the tropical Pacific,and enso *** was found that the 3-5 year cycle of the meridional/zonal circulation forced by enso is quite different from the several-week variation of the circulation index triggered by the inner dynamic processes of the *** former occurs at the global scale with a definite flow pattern,while the latter occurs only in a wide area without a definite flow ***,a physical model for the formation of the enso cycle composed of two fundamental processes at the basin and global scale,respectively,is proposed.

关键词： enso cycle meridional/zonal circulation Hadley circulation propagating waves Southern Oscillation/Northern Oscillation

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Recent Advances in Studies of the Interaction between the East Asian Winter and Summer Monsoons and enso cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2004年第3期21卷 407-424页

作者：黄荣辉陈文严邦良张人禾 State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 Chinese Academy of Meteorological Science Beijing 100081ecent advances in studies on the interaction between the East Asian monsoon and the ENSO cycle are reviewed in this paper. Through the recent studies not only have the responding features and processes of the East Asian winter and summer monsoon circulation anomalies and summer rainfall anomalies in East Asia to the ENSO cycle during its different stages been understood further but also have the thermal and dynamic effects of the tropical \vestern Pacific on the ENSO cycle been deeply analyzed from the observational facts and dynamic theories. The results of observational and theoretical studies showed that the dynamical effect of the atmospheric circulation and zonai wind anomalies in the lower troposphere over the tropical western Pacific on the ENSO cycle may be through the excitation of the equatorial oceanic Kelvin wave and Rossby waves in the equatorial Pacific. These studies demonstrated further that the ENSO cycle originates from the tropical western Pacific. Moreover these recent studies also showed that the atmospheric circulation and zonai wind anomalies over the tropical western Pacific not only result from the air-sea interaction over the tropical western Pacific but are also greatly influenced by the East Asian winter and summer monsoons. Additionally the scientific problems in the interaction between the Asian monsoon and the ENSO cycle which should be studied further in the near future are also pointed out in this paper.

Recent advances in studies on the interaction between the East Asian monsoon and the enso cycle are reviewed in this paper. Through the recent studies, not only have the responding features and processes of the East Asian winter and summer monsoon circulation anomalies and summer rainfall anomalies in East Asia to the enso cycle during its different stages been understood further, but also have the thermal and dynamic effects of the tropical \vestern Pacific on the enso cycle been deeply analyzed from the observational facts and dynamic theories. The results of observational and theoretical studies showed that the dynamical effect of the atmospheric circulation and zonai wind anomalies in the lower troposphere over the tropical western Pacific on the enso cycle may be through the excitation of the equatorial oceanic Kelvin wave and Rossby waves in the equatorial Pacific. These studies demonstrated further that the enso cycle originates from the tropical western Pacific. Moreover, these recent studies also showed that the atmospheric circulation and zonai wind anomalies over the tropical western Pacific not only result from the air-sea interaction over the tropical western Pacific, but are also greatly influenced by the East Asian winter and summer monsoons. Additionally, the scientific problems in the interaction between the Asian monsoon and the enso cycle which should be studied further in the near future are also pointed out in this paper.

关键词： East Asian monsoon enso cycle interaction

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Subsurface temperature anomalies in the North Pacific Ocean associated with the enso cycle

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2010年第6期28卷 1304-1315页

作者：陈永利赵永平王凡郝佳佳冯俊乔 Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Ocean Circulation and Wave Studies Chinese Academy of Sciences Yantai Institute of Costal Zone Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Multi-year Simple Ocean Data Assimilation （SODA） and National Centers for Environmental Prediction （NCEP） datasets were used to investigate the leading patterns of subsurface ocean temperature anomalies （SOTA） and the corresponding atmospheric circulation structure in the Pacific Ocean （20°S-60°N）. In this paper, the evolution of North Pacific SOTA associated with El Nifio-southern oscillation （enso）, and their relationship with the overlying zonal/meridional atmospheric circulations were elucidated. The results indicate that：（1） there are two dominant modes for the interannual variability of the North Pacific SOTA. The primary mode is the dipole pattern of the central and western North Pacific SOTA associated with the leading mode of enso, and the second mode is the zonal pattern related to the second mode of enso. These two modes consist of the temporal-spatial variation of the SOTA in the North Pacific. （2） During the developing phase of the El Nifio event, positive （negative） SOTA appears in the western （central） portion of the North Pacific Ocean. During the mature and decaying phase of the E1 Nifio event, the western positive center and the central negative center continue to be maintained and enhanced. Meanwhile, the position of the western positive center slightly changes, and the central negative center moves eastward slowly. After the El Nifio event vanishes, the positive SOTA disappears, and the central negative SOTA becomes weak and remains in the northeastern Pacific Ocean. The results for La Nifia are generally the opposite. （3） During the El Nifio/La Nifia cycle, formation and evolution of the SOTA, with opposite signs in central and western North Pacific Ocean, resulted from vertical movement of the two northern branches of the Hadley Cell with opposite direction, as well as the positive feedback of the air-sea interaction induced by dynamic processes in the mid-latitudes. The former gives rise to the initial SOTA, and the latter intensifies SOTA. U

关键词： enso cycle North Pacific subsurface ocean temperature anomalies Hadley Cell

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ROLE OF EQUATORIAL PACIFIC OCEAN SUBSURFACE OCEANIC TEMPERATURE MODE IN enso cycle

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Journal of Tropical Meteorology 2014年第4期20卷 334-341页

作者：刘正奇刘玉国哈瑶张桁正 Oceanic Hydro-Meteorology Centre of South China Sea Fleet College of Meteorology and Oceanography PLA University of Science and Technology

Based on the simple ocean data assimilation(SODA) reanalysis dataset from the University of Maryland and the method of Empirical Orthogonal Functions(EOF),the characteristics of interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the equatorial Pacific subsurface oceanic temperature anomaly(SOTA) are *** first and second modes of the equatorial Pacific SOTA in the interannual and interdecadal variations are found respectively and the effect of the second mode on the enso cycle is *** show that the first mode of SOTA's interannual and interdecadal variabilities exhibit a dipole pattern,indicating that the warm and cold temperature anomalies appear simultaneously in the equatorial subsurface *** second mode shows coherent large-scale temperature anomalies in the equatorial subsurface Pacific,which is a dominant mode in the evolution of enso *** temporal series of the second mode has a significant lead correlation with the Ni?o-3.4 index,which can make a precursory prediction signal for *** function of this prediction factor in SOTA is verified by composite and case analyses.

关键词： enso cycle subsurface oceanic temperature anomaly mode prediction signal equatorial Pacific Ocean

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A possible role of the South China Sea in enso cycle

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2002年第2期21卷 217-226页

作者：王启刘秦玉胡瑞金谢强 Physical Oceanography Laboratory Ocean University of Qingdao Qingdao 266003 China South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou 510301 China

A data-based hypothesis on the role of the South China Sea (SCS) in enso cycle is proposed: during El Nino, there are westerly wind anomaly over the western equatorial Pacific and positive SST anomaly in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Meanwhile anomalous convection moves to the central Pacific with anomalous sinking over Indonesian Archipelago. The latter can cause southerly wind anomaly over the north of South China Sea (NSCS) and makes the NSCS warmer. The warm NSCS can attract the anomalous convection to it in some degree. This attraction is in favor for producing easterly wind anomaly over the western equatorial Pacific, so it helps to form a cycle.

关键词： The South China Sea possible role enso cycle

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Sensitivity of Nonlinearity on the enso cycle in a Simple Air-Sea Coupled Model

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Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters 2009年第1期2卷 1-6页

作者： Lin Wan-Tao LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

In this paper,the influence of the El NioSouthern Oscillation (enso) cycle on the sensitivity of nonlinear factors in the numerical simulation is investigated by conducting numerical experiments in a simple air-sea coupled model for enso *** sets of experiments are conducted in which zonal nonlinear factors,meridional nonlinear factors,or both are incorporated into the governing equations for the atmosphere or *** results suggest that the enso cycle is very sensitive to the nonlinear factor of the governing equation for the atmosphere or ***,incorporating nonlinearity into air-sea coupled models is of exclusive importance for improving enso simulation.

关键词： simple air-sea coupled model sensitivity nonlinearity enso cycle

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Origin of the TBO-Interaction between Anomalous East-Asian Winter Monsoon and enso cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第4期18卷 554-566页

作者：李崇银孙淑清穆明权 LASG Institute of Atmoapheric Physics Institute of Atmospheric Physics LASG Institute of Atmospheric Physics

Based on the data analyses by using NCEP/ NCAR reanalysis data and other data (OLR, precipitation and temperature), it is shown that the tropospheric circulation and climate in East Asia and the northwestern Pacific region have the evident quasi-biennial oscillation (TBO) feature. It is also shown that anomalous East Asian winter monsoon can impact the atmospheric circulation and climate variations in the following summer, particularly in East Asian region; there is clear interaction between anomalous East Asian winter monsoon and enso cycle. The continuous strong (weak) East Asian winter monsoon can excite El Ni o (La Ni a) through the air-sea interaction, the El Ni o (La Ni a) event can lead the East Asian winter monsoon to be weak (strong) through the teleconnections or remote responses. The strong or weak winter monsoon and enso cycle are linked each other. It can be suggested that interaction between anomalous East Asian winter monsoon and enso cycle is a fundamental origin of the TBO.

关键词： Origin Tropospheric biennial oscillation (TBO) Interaction Anomalous East Asian winter monsoon enso cycle

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Intraseasonal Oscillation: the Global Coincidence and Its Relationship with enso cycle

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2001年第3期18卷 445-453页

作者：陈兴跃王会军薛峰曾庆存 Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100029 China

Based on the atmospheric reanalysis data from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR), the interannual variability of the atmospheric intraseasonal oscillation (ISO) and its relationships with the El Ni?o/Southern Oscillation (enso) cycle have been investigated. This work reveals that there exists global coincidence in the interannual variation of ISO among different latitude bands and that relationships between the interannual variation of ISO and the global sea surface temperature (SST) or the outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) are very complicated. We also find that the correlation coefficient between ISO and Ni?o33 SST anomaly has apparent decadal scale variability, which means that the inter-relationship is stronger in some periods and weaker in other periods. Key words Intraseasonal oscillation - Global coincidence - enso cycle This work was supported jointly by the Chinese Academy of Sciences Key project under contract KZCX2-203, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grant Nos. 49735160 and 49805004.

关键词： Intraseasonal oscillation Global coincidence enso cycle

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