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Key Technologies and Prospects for electric vehicles Within Emerging Power Systems: Insights from Five Aspects

CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2024年第2期10卷 439-447页

作者： Yalun Li Minggao Ouyang C.C.Chan Xueliang Sun Yonghua Song Wei Cai Yilin Xie Yuqiong Mao Department of electrical Engineering and School of Vehicle and MobilityTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of Vehicle and Mobility Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Department of electrical and Electronic Engineering The University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Western OntarioLondonON N6A 3K7Canada State Key Laboratory of Internet of Things for Smart City University of MacaoTaipaMacao 999078China Department of electrical Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China School of electrical and Electronic Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbin 150080China

The energy revolution requires coordination in energy consumption, supply, storage and institutional *** energy generation technologies, along with their associated costs, are already fully equipped for large-scale ***, energy storage remains a bottleneck, and solutions areneeded through the use of electric vehicles, which traditionallyplay the role of energy consumption in power systems. Toclarify the key technologies and institutions that support EVsas terminals for energy use, storage, and feedback, the CSEEJPES forum assembled renowned experts and scholars in relevantfields to deliver keynote reports and engage in discussions ontopics such as vehicle–grid integration technology, advancedsolid-state battery technology, high-performance electric motortechnology, and institutional innovation in the industry *** experts also provided prospects for energy storage andutilization technologies capable of decarbonizing new powersystems.

关键词： electric vehicles engineering philosophy highpower density motor new power system solid state batteries vehicle grid integration.

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Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles

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Tungsten 2024年第1期6卷 164-173页

作者： Nai-Qi Meng Yu-Xin Fan Jing-Sheng Cai State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers Department of Macromolecular ScienceFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China College of Energy Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials InnovationS(SIEMIS)Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215006China Institute of New Energy for vehicles School of Materials Science and EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai 201804China

The increasingly serious environmental challenges have gradually aroused people's interest in electric *** the last decade,governments and automakers have collaborated on the manufacturing of electric vehicles with high ***-edge battery technologies are pivotal for the performance of electric ***-air batteries are considered as potential power batteries for electric vehicles due to their high ***-air battery researches can be classified into three categories:primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable *** majority of current studies aim at developing and improving chemically rechargeable and mechanically rechargeable Zn-air *** have tried to use catalytic materials design and device design for Zn-air batteries to make it possible for their applications in electric *** review will highlight the state-of-the-art in primary batteries,mechanically rechargeable batteries,and chemically rechargeable batteries,revealing the prospects of Zn-air batteries for electric vehicles.

关键词： Energy storage electric vehicles Bifunctional oxygen catalysts Mechanically rechargeable Zn-air batteries Chemically rechargeable Zn-air batteries

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Dynamic Analysis of Incentive Policy Impacts on Recycling of Retired Batteries for electric vehicles

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Journal of Systems Science and Information 2024年第4期12卷 491-514页

作者： Cuixia WANG Lang WEI School of Information Management Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics School of Economics and Management Hunan College of Information

electric vehicles(EVs), as a low-carbon means of transportation, have promptly become popular worldwide in the past decade. Since the lifespan of batteries is limited, massive of electric Vehicle Batteries(EVBs) are being retired, resulting in a rapid increase in the demand for the recycling of retired EVBs in recent years. However, due to high recycling costs and immature recycling technologies, EV manufacturers are facing significant challenges in recycling retired EVBs. China, as the country with the largest number of EV users in the world, is exploring effective incentive policies for the recycling of retired EVBs. In this context, we developed a system dynamics model to analyze the impact of incentive polices such as, recycling subsidies, technological progress, and carbon trading on the retired EVBs recycling. Results show that: 1) recycling subsidies can improve the recycling ratios quickly in the short term, and dynamic subsidies are more efficient than static subsidies; 2) the policy of technological advancement can reduce the recovery and cascade utilization cost, thus having a positive impact on battery recycling, but the policy effect has a time-delay; 3) the carbon trading policy is unable to promote efficient recycling due to the current low carbon prices; 4) dynamic subsidy and technological advancement policies complement each other, therefore, the combination of these two policies is the best way to promote the recycling of retired EVBs and reduce carbon emissions. It is hoped that this study will contribute to the ongoing debate on policies for the industrialization of retired EVBs recycling.

关键词： electric vehicles retired battery recycling policy impact system dynamics

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Stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control of active suspension systems for in-wheel motor driven electric vehicles

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Journal of Automation and Intelligence 2024年第1期3卷 2-18页

作者： Iftikhar Ahmad Xiaohua Ge Qing-Long Han School of Science Computing and Engineering TechnologiesSwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVIC 3122Australia

This paper addresses the sampled-data multi-objective active suspension control problem for an in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle subject to stochastic sampling periods and asynchronous premise *** focus is placed on the scenario that the dynamical state of the half-vehicle active suspension system is transmitted over an in-vehicle controller area network that only permits the transmission of sampled data *** this purpose,a stochastic sampling mechanism is developed such that the sampling periods can randomly switch among different values with certain mathematical ***,an asynchronous fuzzy sampled-data controller,featuring distinct premise variables from the active suspension system,is constructed to eliminate the stringent requirement that the sampled-data controller has to share the same grades of ***,novel criteria for both stability analysis and controller design are derived in order to guarantee that the resultant closed-loop active suspension system is stochastically stable with simultaneous𝐻2 and𝐻∞performance ***,the effectiveness of the proposed stochastic sampled-data multi-objective control method is verified via several numerical cases studies in both time domain and frequency domain under various road disturbance profiles.

关键词： Active suspension system electric vehicles In-wheel motor Stochastic sampling Dynamic dampers Sampled-data control Multi-objective control

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Sizing of hybrid PMSG-PV system for battery charging of electric vehicles

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Frontiers in Energy 2015年第1期9卷 68-74页

作者： M. M. RAJAN SINGARAVEL S. ARUL DANIEL Department of electrical and Electronics Engineering National Instituteof Technology Tiruchirappalli 620015 India

The number of electric vehicles are increasing in the society as they are considered as zero emission vehicles and also because conventional fuels are becoming expensive. Additional electrical power should be produced to meet the energy requirement of this increase in electric vehicle population. To use the existing grid infrastructure without any failure, installing distributed generator at secondary distribution network is essential. In this work, sizing of wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator photovoltaic hybrid distributed generating system has been attempted to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of a particular residential area. Different feasible combinations for wind generator capacity and photovoltaic capacity are obtained to satisfy the additional energy requirement. Results are analyzed based on energy, financial payback periods and daily power profile of the hybrid system. Based on this analysis, the sizes of wind generator and photovoltaic array have been chosen to meet the energy demand of electric vehicles of that particular residential locality.

关键词： electric vehicles hybrid PMSG-PV system,smart grid

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electrical bearing failures in electric vehicles

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Friction 2020年第1期8卷 4-28页

作者： Feng HE Guoxin XIE Jianbin LUO State Key Laboratory of Tribology Department of Mechanical EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China

In modern electric equipment,especially electric vehicles,inverter control systems can lead to complex shaft voltages and bearing *** an electric motor,many parts have electrical failure problems,and among which bearings are the most sensitive and vulnerable *** recent years,electrical failures in bearing have been frequently reported in electric vehicles,and the electrical failure of bearings has become a key issue that restricts the lifetime of all‐electric motor‐based power systems in a broader *** purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the bearing premature failure in the mechanical systems exposed in an electrical environment represented by electric *** electrical environments in which bearing works including the different components and the origins of the shaft voltages and bearing currents,as well as the typical modes of electrical bearing failure including various topographical damages and lubrication failures,have been *** fundamental influence mechanisms of voltage/current on the friction/lubrication properties have been summarized and analyzed,and corresponding countermeasures have been ***,a brief introduction to the key technical flaws in the current researches will be made and the future outlook of frontier directions will be discussed.

关键词： electric vehicles bearing premature failure electrical environment shaft voltage

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Comparison of the topologies for a hybrid energy-storage system of electric vehicles via a novel optimization method

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2015年第7期58卷 1173-1185页

作者： ZHANG Shuo XIONG Rui ZHOU Xuan National Engineering Laboratory for electric vehicles School of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of Technology Collaborative Innovation Center of electric vehicles in Beijing Beijing Institute of Technology electrical and Computer Engineering Department Kettering University

The combination of batteries and ultracapacitors has become an effective solution to satisfy the requirements of high power density and high energy density for the energy-storage system of electric *** aspects of such combination efforts were considered for evaluating the four types of hybrid energy-storage system(HESS)***,a novel optimization framework was proposed and implemented to optimize the voltage level of a battery pack and an ultracapacitor pack for the four types of HESS *** the optimization process,the dynamic programming(DP)algorithm was iteratively applied to determine the optimal control *** simulation results with DP were used to evaluate the energy efficiency of different HESS topologies at different voltage ***,the optimized voltage level of the battery and ultracapacitor in each topology indicates that a higher voltage level usually results in a better system *** simulation results also illustrate that the optimized rated voltage level of the battery pack is approximately 499.5 V,while for the ultracapacitor pack,the optimized voltage level is at its maximum allowed *** that the constraint of the battery voltage is initialized at200–600 ***,the control rules for different HESS topologies were obtained through the systematic analysis of the simulation *** addition,advantages and disadvantages of the four topologies were summarized through evaluation of the efficiency and operating currents of the batteries and the ultracapacitor.

关键词： electric vehicles lithium-ion battery ultracapacitor hybrid energy-storage system topology dynamic programming

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Multi-objective optimization for 10-kW rated power dynamic wireless charging systems of electric vehicles

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 178-195页

作者： Ze ZHOU Zhitao LIU Hongye SU Liyan ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control Zhejiang University School of Automation Wuhan University of Technology

In this paper, we propose a method to optimize the output power, efficiency, and cost of the dynamic wireless charging(DWC) system of electric vehicles by using the transmitting coil spacing as the decision variable. In a set of transmitting equipment, we adopt a structure with two transmitting networks in parallel and derive loss models. The expressions of the output power and efficiency of the DWC system are obtained by data fitting. In addition, combined with the proposed cost function, we construct a multiobjective optimization problem on output power, efficiency, and cost. Due to the complexity of the objective function, it is difficult to solve the problem by the analytic method, and thus we propose a constrained adaptive particle swarm optimization(CAPSO) algorithm with high accuracy to solve the problem. Finally,the simulation results verify the feasibility of the proposed model. The advantages of the proposed CAPSO algorithm and the optimization results under different weight combinations are presented.

关键词： dynamic wireless charging electric vehicles multi-objective optimization constrained adaptive particle swarm optimization

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CHARGING STATION PLANNING FOR PLUG-IN electric vehicles

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2018年第1期27卷 24-45页

作者： Zhihong Zhu Ziyou Gao Jianfeng Zheng Haoming Du Transportation Management College Dalian Maritime University Dalian China

A novel model for the charging station planning problem of plug-in electric vehicles is proposed in this paper considering the users＇ daily travel. With the objective of minimizing the total cost, including the charging stations＇ cost （including installing cost and management cost） and the users＇ cost （including station access cost and charging cost）, the proposed model simultaneously handles the problems where to locate the charging stations and how many chargers to be established in each charging station. Considering that different users may have different perception of station access cost and charging cost, two cases （i.e., homogeneous users and heterogeneous users） are typically investigated. The impacts of different discount rates, operating period of the charging stations, number of electric vehicles and number of charging stations on the location of the charging station are also studied. The simulation results not only show that it is very important to locate the charging stations according to the traveling behavior of users, but also verify the validity of the proposed model.

关键词： electric vehicles charging station location problem

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On-board Diagnosis of Soft Short Circuit Fault in Lithium-ion Battery Packs for electric vehicles Using an Extended Kalman Filter

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CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems 2022年第1期8卷 258-270页

作者： Ruixin Yang Rui Xiong Weixiang Shen National Engineering Laboratory for electric vehicles Department of Vehicle EngineeringSchool of Mechanical EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Faculty of Science Engineering and TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyMelbourneVic.3122Australia

The safety of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles(EVs)is attracting more *** ensure battery safety,early detection is necessary of a soft short circuit(SC)which may evolve into severe SC faults,leading to fire or thermal *** paper proposes a soft SC fault diagnosis method based on the extended Kalman filter(EKF)for on-board applications in *** the proposed method,the EKF is used to estimate the state of charge(SOC)of the faulty cell by adjusting a gain matrix based on real-time measured *** SOC difference between the estimated SOC and the calculated SOC through coulomb counting for the faulty cell is employed to detect soft SC faults,and the soft SC resistance values are further identified to indicate the degree of fault *** SC experiments are developed to investigate the characteristics of a series-connected battery pack under different working conditions when one battery cell in the pack is short-circuited with different resistance *** experimental data are acquired to validate the proposed soft SC fault diagnosis *** results show that the proposed method is effective and robust in quickly detecting a soft SC fault and accurately estimating soft SC resistance.

关键词： Battery safety electric vehicles external short circuit fault diagnosis internal short circuit soft short circuit

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