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Variability and Risk Analysis of Hong Kong Air Quality Based on Monsoon and el Nino Conditions

Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2013年第2期30卷 280-290页

作者： Jong-Suk KIM ZHOU Wen Ho Nam CHeUNG Chak Hang CHOW School of energy and environment City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong Guy Carpenter Asia-Pacific Climate Impact Centre City University of Hong Kong Hong Kong

This study presents an exploratory analysis aimed at improving understanding of the variability of Hong Kong air quality associated with different climate conditions. Significantly negative correlations were found when nifio 3 led particulate matter 〈10 p.m PM10） and NO2 by 2 3 months over the Hong Kong territory, while the other pollutants （e.g., Oa, SO2） showed modest correlations. A significant decreasing trend in visibility was observed during the autumn and winter, which has potential implications for the air-quality degradation and the endangerment of human health in Hong Kong. In an e1 nifio summer, the visibility was relatively better, while visibility in other seasons was diminished. On the other hand, in la nifia events, significant changes occurred in visibility in winter and autumn. Air pollution indices were less sensitive to the South China Summer Monsoon （SCSM）, but a relatively high correlation existed between the east Asian Winter Monsoon （eAWM） and air pollutants. Rainfall was lower during most of the strong eAWM years compared to the weak years. This result suggests that the pollutants that accumulate in Hong Kong are not easy to wash out, so concentrations remain at a higher level. Finally, based on the conditional Air Pollution Index （API） risk assessment, site-specific vulnerabilities were analyzed to facilitate the development of the air-quality warning systems in Hong Kong.

关键词： air quality e1 nifio/la nifia Monsoon API risk Hong Kong

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Asymmetric Response of the South China Sea SST to el Nio and la Nia

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第2期12卷 272-278页

作者： HUANG Zhuo DU Yan WU Yanling XU Haiming State Key laboratory of Oceanography in Tropics South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of Sciences Guangxi Climate Center College of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

The interannual variability of the sea surface temperature （SST） in the South China Sea （SCS） is investigated according to its relationship with e1 nifio/la nifia （eN/LN） using monthly products from ICOADS. The SCS SST bears two peaks associated with eN/LN and shows the asymmetric features. Coinciding with the mature phase of eN/LN, the first SST warming/cooling peaks in December（0）-February（1）（DJF（1）） and centers in the southern part. The major difference is in the amplitude associated with the strength of eN/LN. However, the SCS SST anomaly shows distinct difference after the mature phase of eN/LN. The eN SST warm- ing develops a mid-summer peak in June-August（1）（JJA（1）） and persists up to September-October（l）, with the same amplitude of the first warming peak. Whereas the LN SST cooling peaks in May（l）, it decays slowly until the end of the year, with amplitude much weaker. Comparing with SST and atmospheric circulations, the weak response and early termination of the second cooling is due to the failure of the cyclonic wind anomalies to develop in the northwest Pacific during JJA（1）.

关键词： SST South China Sea (SCS) e1 nifio/la nifia asymmetric responses interannual variability

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