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Vertebrate dynein-f depends on Wdr78 for axonemal localization and is essential for ciliary beat

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第5期11卷 383-394页

作者： Yirong Zhang Yawen Chen Jianqun Zheng Juan Wang Shichao Duan Wei Zhang Xiumin Yan Xueliang Zhu State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences 320 Yueyang Road Shanghai 200031 China

Motile cilia and flagella are microtubule-based organelles important for cell locomotion and extracellular liquid flow through beating. Although axonenal dyneins that drive ciliary beat have been extensively studied in unicellular Chlamydomonas, to what extent such knowledge can be applied to vertebrate is poorly known. In Chlamydomonas, dynein-f controls flagellar waveforms but is dispensable for beating. The flagellar assembly of its heavy chains (HCs) requires its intermediate chain (IC) IC140 but not IC138. Here we show that, unlike its Chlamydomonas counte『part, vertebrate dynein-f is essential for ciliary beat. We confirmed that Wdr78 is the vertebrate orthologue of IC3 Wdr78 associated with dynein-f subunits such as Dnah2 (a HC) and Wdr63 (IC140 orthologue). It was expressed as a motile cilium-specific protein in mammalian cells. Depletion of Wdr78 or Dnah2 by RNAi paralyzed mouse ependymal cilia. Zebrafish Wdr78 morphants displayed ciliopathy-related phenotypes, such as curved bodies, hydrocephalus, abnormal otolith, randomized left-right asymmetry, and pronephric cysts, accompanied with paralyzed pronephric cilia. Furthermore, all the HCs and ICs of dynein-f failed to localize in the Wdr78-depleted mouse ependymal cilia. Therefore, both the functions and subunit dependency of dynein-fare altered in evolution, probably to comply with ciliary roles in higher organisms.

关键词： axonemal dynein dynein-f IC138 motile cilium primary ciliary dyskinesia Wdr78 Dnah2

Axonemal dynein DNAH5 is Required for Sound Sensation in Drosophila Larvae

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2021年第4期37卷 523-534页

作者： Bingxue Li Songling Li Zhiqiang Yan State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science Department of Physiology and BiophysicsInstitute of Brain ScienceSchool of Life SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai200438China Institute of Molecular Physiology Shenzhen Bay LaboratoryShenzhen518132China

Chordotonal neurons are responsible for sound sensation in Drosophila.However,little is known about how they respond to sound with high sensitivity.Using genetic labeling,we found one of the Drosophila axonemal dynein heavy chains,CG9492(DNAH5),was specifically expressed in larval chordotonal neurons and showed a distribution restricted to proximal cilia.While DNAH5 mutation did not affect the cilium morphology or the trafficking of Inactive,a candidate auditory transduction channel,larvae with DNAH5 mutation had reduced startle responses to sound at low and medium intensities.Calcium imaging confirmed that DNAH5 functioned autonomously in chordotonal neurons for larval sound sensation.Furthermore,disrupting DNAH5 resulted in a decrease of spike firing responses to low-level sound in chordotonal neurons.Intriguingly,DNAH5 mutant larvae displayed an altered frequency tuning curve of the auditory organs.All together,our findings support a critical role of DNAH5 in tuning the frequency selectivity and the sound sensitivity of larval auditory neurons.

关键词： Chordotonal neuron Cilia dynein Drosophila larvae Sound sensation

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Chlamydomonas WDR92 in association with R2TP-like complex and multiple DNAAFs to regulate ciliary dynein preassembly

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Journal of Molecular Cell Biology 2019年第9期11卷 770-780页

作者： Guang Liu Limei Wang Junmin Pan MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life SciencesSchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266200China

The motility of cilia or eukaryotic flagella is powered by the axonemal dyneins,which are preassembled in the cytoplasm by proteins termed dynein arm assembly factors(DNAAFs)before being transported to and assembled on the ciliary axoneme.Here,we characterize the function of WDR92 in Chlamydomonas.Loss of WDR92,a cytoplasmic protein,in a mutant wdr92 generated by DNA insertional mutagenesis resulted in aflagellate cells or cells with stumpy or short flagella,disappearance of axonemal dynein arms,and diminishment of dynein arm heavy chains in the cytoplasm,suggesting that WDR92 is a DNAAF.Immunoprecipitation of WDR92 followed by mass spectrometry identified inner dynein arm heavy chains and multiple DNAAFs including RuvBLl,RPAP3,MOT48,ODA7,and DYX1C.The PIH1 domain-containing protein MOT48 formed a R2TP-like complex with RuvBLl/2 and RPAP3,while PF13,another PIH1 domain-containing protein with function in dynein preassembly,did not.Interestingly,the third PIH1 domain-containing protein TWI1 was not related to flagellar motility.WDR92 physically interacted with the R2TP-like complex and the other identified DNNAFs.Our data suggest that WDR92 functions in association with the HSP90 co-chaperone R2TP-like complex as well as linking other DNAAFs in dynein preassembly.

关键词： cilia motility dynein arm assembly factors R2TP complex WDR92 Chlamydomonas

Effect of dynein Inhibitor on Mouse Oocyte in vitro Maturation and Its Cyclin B1 mRNA Level

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2004年第3期17卷 341-349页

作者： XIAO-MEIWANG TIAN-HUAHUANG QING-DONGXIE QING-JIANZHANG YERUAN DepartmentofCellBiologyandGenetics ResearchCenterforReproductiveMedicineShantouUniversityMedicalCollegeShantou515041GuangdongChina

Objective To evaluate the effect of dynein inhibitor on mouse oocyte in vitro maturation and its cyclin B1 transcription level. Methods Immature mouse oocytes were cultured in vitro with a known dynein ATPase activity inhibitor-sodium orthovanadate (SOV) to detect the changes of maturation rate, and semi-quantitative RT-PCR and single cell RT-PCR were performed to detect the changes of cyclin B1 mRNA level. Results In dose-dependent experiments, the maturation rates of oocytes were significantly different between 5 mmol/L SOV and control groups (Pdynein inhibitor might delay oocytes meiosis process, and cause ectopic expression of cyclin B1 in oocytes. Most Oocytes incubated with SOV blocked at germinal vesicles (GV) stage or MⅠto anaphase transition due to dynein dysfunction and ectopic transcription level of cyclin B1.

关键词： dynein Oocytes Cultured in vitro maturation (CVM) Cyclin B1 Sodium orthovanadate (SOV)

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Possible mechanisms of bidirectional nuclear transport during neuronal migration

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BIOCELL 2022年第11期46卷 2357-2361页

作者： CHUYING ZHOU MINEKO KENGAKU Graduate School of Biostudies Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan Institute for Integrated Cell-Material Sciences(WPI-iCeMS) Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan

Neuronal migration is a fundamental process of mammalian brain development.In migrating neurons,the nuclear membrane protein Nesprin-2 has been shown to serve as an adaptor to pull the nucleus along microtubule tracks.Current evidence has shown that Nesprin-2 binds to both the minus-end-directed motor dynein as well as the plus-end-directed motor kinesin.However,translocation of neuronal nucleus has long been thought to be primarily driven by dynein motors.Intriguing questions could be raised about the role of kinesin in nuclear transport and how the activities of opposing motors are coordinated through interactions with Nesprin.Combining evidence from recent studies,we propose that Nesprin-2 serves as a switchboard in mediating bidirectional neuronal nuclear movements.

关键词： Nesprin-2 Nucleus Microtubules Kinesin dynein

Cytoplasmic dynein-2： from molecules to human diseases

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Frontiers in Biology 2013年第1期8卷 119-126页

作者： Vidyalakshmi RAJAGOPALAN Jonathan P. D'AMICO David E. WILKES Department of Biological Sciences Indiana University South Bend South Bend IN 46634-7111 USA

The dynein motor protein family is involved in a wide variety of functions in eukaryotic cells. The axonemal dynein class and cytoplasmic dynein-1 subclass have been well characterized. However, the cytoplasmic dynein-2 subclass of the family has only recently begun to be understood. We describe the entire dynein family but focus on cytoplasmic dynein-2. dynein-2 consists of a heavy, an intermediate, a light intermediate, and a light chain. The complex appears to function primarily as the retrograde motor for intraflagellar transport. This process is important for the formation and maintenance of cilia and flagella. Additionally, dynein-2 has roles in the control of ciliary length and in non-ciliary functions. Mutations in the human dynein-2 heavy chain lead to cilia-related diseases.

关键词： cilia dynein flagella intraflagellar transport microtubule

电针“百会”“涌泉”对6月龄APP/PS1双转基因小鼠行为学及海马dynein、CTSD水平影响的研究

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针灸临床杂志 2022年第4期38卷 67-73页

作者：张洋谭韵湘高誉珊杨晓坤栗晨璐薛卫国北京中医药大学北京100029

目的:从细胞内β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)及自噬溶酶体角度探讨电针干预阿尔茨海默病(AD)的作用机制。方法:将20只6月龄雄性APP/PS1双转基因小鼠随机分为电针组和模型组;10只6月龄雄性C57BL/6野生小鼠作为空白对照组。电针组针刺“百会”“涌... 详细信息

目的:从细胞内β-淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)及自噬溶酶体角度探讨电针干预阿尔茨海默病(AD)的作用机制。方法:将20只6月龄雄性APP/PS1双转基因小鼠随机分为电针组和模型组;10只6月龄雄性C57BL/6野生小鼠作为空白对照组。电针组针刺“百会”“涌泉”穴,双“涌泉”连接电针,留针15 min/次;空白对照组和模型组小鼠用与电针组相同的方法束缚15 min/次。隔日1次,共治疗6周。利用Morris水迷宫检测小鼠空间学习和记忆能力;透射电镜观察小鼠海马自噬体、自噬溶酶体情况;免疫荧光双标法观察小鼠海马CA1区CTSD和Aβ的共表达情况;Western blot(WB)法检测小鼠海马内dynein和CTSD的相对表达量。结果:Morris水迷宫检测结果显示,在定位航行实验中,与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠平均逃避潜伏期增加,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,电针组小鼠平均逃避潜伏期减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在空间探索实验中,与空白对照组比较,模型组小鼠平均穿越平台次数减少,平台象限游泳路程减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组相比,电针组小鼠平均穿越平台次数增加,平台象限游泳路程增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。透射电镜实验结果显示,空白对照组海马可观察到少量的自噬溶酶体;模型组海马有大量的自噬体堆积,主要是在神经元轴突末端,胞体核周可见许多自噬溶酶体;电针组海马神经元轴突中也可以观察到部分自噬体堆积,胞体核周可见部分自噬溶酶体。免疫荧光双标法结果显示,CTSD和Aβ在小鼠海马CA1区神经元内存在共表达。Western blot结果显示,与空白对照组比较,模型组动力蛋白中间链DIC表达量降低,CTSD表达量增加,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与模型组比较,电针组动力蛋白中间链DIC表达量增加,CTSD表达量降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:8月龄APP/PS1双转基因小鼠海马神经元自噬功能紊乱;电针可能通过调节小鼠紊乱自噬状态,促进自噬体运输及自噬溶酶体降解,改善AD小鼠的空间学习和记忆功能。

关键词：阿尔茨海默病 APP/PS1双转基因小鼠自噬 dynein CTSD

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A Dynamic Model for the Processive Motion of dynein on Microtubules

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2016年第2期6卷 43-54页

作者： Yi-Feng Hsiao Y. C. Chou Department of Physics National Tsing-Hua University Taiwan

We propose a dynamic mechanism for the processive motility of dynein on microtubules (MTs). The force generated for the motion of dynein is purely mechanical in origin. When a dynein monomer binds to a MT, the AAA ring of dynein might fit into one of the trenches on the outer surface of the MT, with the linker domain leaning on the ratchet-shaped protofilament. At room temperature, the dynein molecule exhibits random thermal motion on the outer surface of the MT. The collision between the asymmetric ratchet teeth and the linker exerts a reactive impulsive force on the dynein molecule. The probability of producing an impulse with a longitudinal component pointing to either end of the MT depends on the instantaneous motion of dynein, the shape of the linker, and the mass distribution of the dynein with/without a load. In the dynamic mechanism, dynein monomers can move independently and processively toward either end of the MT. Many observations of the motility of dynein can be reproduced in a simulation system.

关键词： Dynamic Mechanism dynein Processive Motility

棉酚对海胆精子鞭毛轴丝及力蛋白(dynein)ATP酶的抑制作用

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Current Zoology 1988年第1期34卷 1-5页

作者：冯北元徐慕禹中国科学院动物研究所内分泌研究室中国科学院动物研究所内分泌研究室北京

本工作观测了不同浓度棉酚(10—80μmol/L)对海胆精子鞭毛轴丝及力蛋白ATP酶的影响,发现棉酚对之具有剂量依赖方式的抑制作用。实验对比了几种ATP酶抑制剂对轴丝ATP酶的作用,结果表明它们之间差别很大。使酶活力下降一半所需的各种抑... 详细信息

本工作观测了不同浓度棉酚(10—80μmol/L)对海胆精子鞭毛轴丝及力蛋白ATP酶的影响,发现棉酚对之具有剂量依赖方式的抑制作用。实验对比了几种ATP酶抑制剂对轴丝ATP酶的作用,结果表明它们之间差别很大。使酶活力下降一半所需的各种抑制剂浓度分别为:钒酸钠17μmol/L;棉酚36μmol/L;槲皮酮450μmol/L,DCCD[双环已基碳化二亚胺(Dicyclohexylcarbodiimide)]1,600μmol/L;乌本苷>2,000μmol/L。本文对棉酚的杀精机理,抑制强度及其控制生育的意义进行了讨论。

关键词： Gossypol Axonomal ATPase dynein Several ATPase inhibitors.