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Implementation and Evaluation of dual-purpose Normal and Disaster Situations System Based on Delay and Disruption Tolerant Bluetooth MANETs

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International Journal of Communications, Network and System Sciences 2015年第9期8卷 342-357页

作者： Yuya Minami Yuya Kitaura Yuri Tsutsui Eitaro Kohno Shinji Inoue Tomoyuki Ohta Yoshiaki Kakuda Graduate School of Information Sciences Hiroshima City University Hiroshima Japan

dual-purpose systems for both normal and disaster situations are necessary for providing continuous services from normal situations to disaster situations. We have been developing the dual-purposed systems based on the assurance network design principle. The assurance network design principle makes the dual-purpose systems work stably in both normal and disaster situations. This paper proposes a connectivity-dependent data propagation scheme, in which each terminal transfers data adaptively by wireless multi-hop data transfer or store-and-forward data transfer depending on whether the terminal has connections to its neighboring terminals. To verify the resilience against disconnection among neighboring terminals, we show field experimental results on data propagation time. Also we propose the dual-purpose system, in which there are two types of graphical user interface (GUI) for both situations. Whenever each terminal receives a special packet in disaster situations, the GUI automatically switches from one type for normal situations to another type for disaster situations. We have unified these two types of GUI so that users can understand how to use them even when GUI is automatically switched. To validate feasibility of the dual-purpose normal and disaster situations system, we show experimental results on dissemination of assessment information and automatical switching of GUIs.

关键词： Android Bluetooth MANET GUI dual-purpose System Data Propagation Wireless Multi-Hop Data Transfer Epidemic Routing

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Effect of grazing time and intensity on growth and yield of spring wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第5期18卷 1138-1147页

作者： Ketema Tilahun Zeleke School of Agricultural & Wine Sciences Charles Sturt University Graham Centre for Agricultural Innovation

A simulated grazing field experiment was conducted to determine the effect of timing and intensity of grazing on the growth and yield of a mid-late maturing spring wheat(cv. Flanker) under different watering regimes, at Wagga Wagga in southeastern Australia. The experiment was a factorial design of watering regime and pasture "grazing" as factors, with three replications. The two watering regimes were rainfed(R) and supplemental irrigation(I). There were four simulated grazing treatments: no grazing, "crash" grazing by mowing to 5 cm height on 13 June(Cut1-5), "crash" grazing by mowing to 5 cm on 15 July(Cut2-5) and "clip" grazing by mowing to 15 cm height on 15 July(Cut2-15). The lowest dry matter(simulated grazing) was obtained from RCut1-5(0.13 t ha^(–1)) and the highest(0.86 t ha^(–1)) was from ICut2-5. There was no significant difference(P0.05) by either the watering regime or grazing. Seed weight was significantly(P<0.05) affected both by the watering regime and grazing with the lowest value for 1 000-seed weight of 30.05 g(RCut2-5) and the highest value of 38.00 g(ICut2-15). Water use efficiency was significantly(P<0.05) affected both by the watering regime and grazing with the lowest value of 9.94 kg ha^(–1) mm^(–1)(ICut2-5) and the highest value 13.43 kg ha^(–1) mm^(–1)(RCut2-5). By "crash" grazing late(just before stem elongat

关键词： dual-purpose crop productivity simulated grazing wheat

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