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Postmortem chest computed tomography for the diagnosis of drowning:a feasibility study

Forensic Sciences Research 2021年第2期6卷 152-158页

作者： Junqi Jian Lei Wan Yu Shao Donghua Zou Ping Huang Zhuoqun Wang Ningguo Liu Yijiu Chen Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina Department of Forensic Medicine Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina

It may be difficult to distinguish the cause of death in drowning cases without specific *** aim of this study was to explore the forensic value of thoracic postmortem computed tomography(PMCT)using routine images and three-dimensional(3D)image *** imaging data of PMCT examinations of six drowning cadavers,aged 21-54years,were *** victims of sudden death from coronary artery disease(CAD)were chosen as a control *** 3D bilateral lung images were reconstructed using image processing software,an interactive medical image control system was used to measure and analyze parameters including lung volume,lung volume ratio,mean CT value of the whole lung,and lung CT value distribution *** volume and lung volume ratio were used to assess the shape changes of the *** CT value distribution curves showed the corresponding number of pixels of the different CT values in the lung *** volume was not signifi-cantly larger in drowning cases(mean 2958cm^(3))than in controls(mean 2342cm^(3)).Lung vo-lume ratio values in the drowning group(mean 0.3156)were greater than those in the control group(mean 0.2763);(P=0.02).There was no significant difference between the drowning and control group in the mean CT value of the whole *** were differences between lung CT value distribution curves in drowning victims and controls,with drowning victims showing a single peak and CAD cases showing a bimodal *** PMCT is help-ful for the forensic medical diagnosis of *** volume ratio and lung CT value distri-bution are potential indicators to distinguish between drowning and CAD.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic pathology postmortem CT drowning lung 3D reconstruction CT data

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The East Japan Great Earthquake and Three Cases of Near-drowning with Tsunami Due to the Earthquake

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Open Journal of Clinical Diagnostics 2014年第3期4卷 145-151页

作者： Yoshihiro Inoue Yasuhisa Fujino Makoto Onodera Satoshi Kikuchi Masayuki Sato Hisaho Sato Hironobu Noda Masahiro Kojika Yasushi Suzuki Shigeatu Endo Department of Critical Care Medicine School of Medicine Iwate Medical University Morioka-shi Japan

We encountered the Great East Japan Earthquake on March 11, 2011. The magnitude of the earthquake is 9.0 and it is one of the greatest from A.D. 1900 to now. The earthquake developed large tsunami and many people living on the pacific coast of east Japan died from lung disorder caused by near drowning with tsunami. We also encountered three cases of lung disorders caused by near drowning. All three were females, and two of them were old elderly. All segments of both lungs were involved in all the three patients, necessitating ICU admission and endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation. All three died within three weeks. In at least two cases, misswallowing of oil was suspected from the features noted at the time of the detection. Many bacteria were detected from the phlegm of two cases.

关键词： Tsunami drowning Pneumonia

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Development of a Systematic Review of Public Health Interventions to Prevent Children drowning

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Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 2014年第3期4卷 100-106页

作者： Gemma Crawford Justine Leavy Linda Portsmouth Jonine Jancey Francene Leaversuch Lauren Nimmo Lauren Reid-Dornbusch Emma Hills Royal Life Saving Society Western Australia Inc. Mt Claremont Australia School of Public Health Curtin University Bentley Australia Western Australian Centre for Health Promotion Research Curtin University Bentley Australia

drowning is the leading cause of death from unintended injury in children globally. drowning is preventable, and mechanisms exist which can reduce its impact, however the peer-reviewed literature to guide public health interventions is lacking. This paper describes a protocol for a review of drowning prevention interventions for children. Electronic searching will identify relevant peer-reviewed literature describing interventions to prevent child drowning worldwide. Outcome measures will include: drowning rates, water safety behaviour change, knowledge and/or attitude change, water safety policy and legislation, changes to environment and water safety skills. Quality appraisal and data extraction will be independently completed by two researchers using standardised forms recording descriptive and outcome data for each included article. Data analysis and presentation of results will occur after data have been extracted. This review will map the types of interventions being implemented to prevent drowning amongst children and identify gaps within the literature.

关键词： Interventions drowning Prevention Best-Practice Systematic Review Protocol Children Evaluation

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Acute and Severe Hypercalcemia in a Near-drowning Victim

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2013年第10期4卷 417-420页

作者： Tomoaki Takata Akihisa Nakaoka Kazuhiro Kato Takeaki Fukui Satoko Maeta Chishio Munemura Yoshikazu Murawaki Department of Internal Medicine Sanin Rosai Hospital Yonago Japan Department of Internal Medicine Sanin Rosai Hospital Yonago Japan Department of Internal Medicine Sanin Rosai Hospital Yonago Japan Division of Medicine and Clinical Science Tottori Univer- sity School of Medicine Yonago Japan. Division of Medicine and Clinical Science Tottori Univer- sity School of Medicine Yonago Japan. Division of Medicine and Clinical Science Tottori University School of Medicine Yonago Japan Division of Medicine and Clinical Science Tottori University School of Medicine Yonago Japan.

An 80-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of near-drowning in a hot spring. Besides hypoxia, serum calcium was extremely high at 15.5 mg/dL on admission. After the treatment with normal saline infusion, furosemide and calcitonin, the hypercalcemia was transient and didn’t recur during the course. The hot spring water contained much calcium, so his hypercalcemia was considered to be a result of calcium absorption mainly through the alveoli. In this case, we revealed that serum calcium rose within a short time after drowning, suggesting the necessity to measure the calcium concentration of the drowning fluid in a near-drowning victim.

关键词： Hypercalcemia drowning Hot Spring

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Pollen Findings in a Presumptive drowning Case

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2015年第2期3卷 43-47页

作者： Pilar Martínez Amelia González-Porto Manuel Munuera Natalia Acevedo Biology Service National Institute of Toxicology & Forensic Science Madrid Spain Beekeeping Centre Marchamalo Agrarian Centre Guadalajara Spain Department of Agricultural Science Technology Botanic Area Higher Technical School of Agricultural Engineering Cartagena Spain Institute of Legal Medicine Toledo Spain

A medicolegal/botanical collaboration has to lead to an interdisciplinary procedure for developing methods when studying dead bodies found in water with no clear circumstances. Hereby we present a report or a preliminary attempt as a basis for encouraging further work in the field. The body of an unidentified 25 - 35 years old woman was found immersed in a fresh water ditch in state of decomposition. Structural alterations avoid any a priori identification of asphyxia or traumatic cervical lesions. The last cause of death was estimated as a cardio respiratory collapse and a drowning investigation was proposed. Taxonomic species identification was carried out to relate the pollen aspiration with the water medium in lung, spleen, liver and water medium. We presented pollen grains in spleen, as a closed organ, as a clue for death investigation in the absence of diatom findings. Information about where and when pollen grains occur may ascertain that a body or an object was in some place at a certain time. Since the consequences of aspiration depend on many factors, such as the quantity, size and solidity of the material aspirated and whether the aspiration is chronically recurrent or acute, the pollen investigation must be done with precaution. We conclude that in the absence of other microscopic structures, biochemical blood analyses, or histological findings, forensic palynology may be of help to relate the presumptive drowned body with its death scenario.

关键词： Pollen Grains drowning Palynology Immersion Diatoms

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Pulmonary Immunohistochemical Detection of Surfactant Protein A (SP-A) in Fatal drowning

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Forensic Medicine and Anatomy Research 2016年第3期4卷 33-36页

作者： Enrico De Dominicis Giuseppe Santeusanio Filippo Milano Luigi Tonino Marsella Department of Biomedicine and Prevention Medical Faculty of Tor Vergata University Rome Italy Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery Medical Faculty of Tor Vergata University Rome Italy

drowning still remains one of the most difficult diagnoses in forensic pathology because macroscopic and microscopic autopsy findings are unspecific. An ideal diagnostic marker for drowning still needs to be developed, but some authors have recently studied SP-A as a marker of asphyxiation and drowning. The aim of this study is to compare the histopathological features and the SP-A immunohistochemical expression in lung tissue in the case of drowning with those determined by other causes to discriminate between cadaver submersion and drowning.

关键词： drowning Autopsy Immunohistochemistry Surfactant Protein A Pathology

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Bystander resuscitation of a near-drowning child in a rural south China township

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2013年第4期1卷 45-47页

作者： Zhixin Wu Mingfeng He Qihong guo Minhua Kuang mergency Department Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineFoshanChina Department of Internal Medicine Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineFoshanChina

We report resuscitation of a near-drowning child by a bystander in a rural south China *** was performed on a 6-year-old,otherwise healthy boy who was witnessed drowning in a river,with submersion for approximately 12 *** several resuscitation attempts,spontaneous breathing was established at the scene and the boy was transferred to a nearby *** developed pneumonia but recovered completely on the ward and was discharged without any neurologic *** case shows that early bystander resuscitation is an important factor for survival after *** search for an ideal approach to resuscitation must continue,and all members of society must work together towards this goal.

关键词： Resuscitation drowning Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation

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Relationships between Diatom Abundances in Rat Organs and in Environmental Waters

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Current Medical Science 2021年第5期41卷 981-986页

作者： Liang REN Yi-qun CHEN Qian-li ZHOU Zun-zhong LIU Ying LI Quan LIU Department of Forensic Medicine Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhon^University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430030China Hubei Key Laboratory of Forensic Science Hubei University of PoliceWuhan 430034China Guangdong Tongji Forensic Science Institute Foshan 516500China

Objective:A diagnosis of drowning remains one of the most challenging issues in forensic science,especially for decomposed *** analysis is considered as an encouraging method for diagnosing *** this study,we developed a drowned rat model using different diatom densities in ***:A total of 120 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were used and divided into six groups,wherein experimental groups 1-5 were drowned rats(group A)and postmortem submersion rats(group B)that were submerged in water with five different Cyclotella *** densities,while the remaining group was used as a blank *** combination of microwave digestion and vacuum filtration method was used to accomplish efficient tissue digestion and ascertain higher accuracy of diatom determinations within ***:The abundances of diatoms in the lungs,livers,and kidneys were significantly *** diatom abundances in the lungs,livers,and kidneys were directly proportional to the water diatom densities,and specific quantitative relationships could be approximated by separate regression equations for each organ ***,the trends associated with the diatom increases among organs slightly *** addition,the diatom abundances in the lungs,livers,and kidneys were all positively *** were not observed in the postmortem submersion groups nor in the blank control ***:The results of this study provide valuable information for establishing a quantitative diatom framework for informing future forensic medicine efforts.

关键词： drowning diatom test quantitative analysis lungs livers kidneys vacuum filtration

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Research advances in forensic diatom testing

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 98-105页

作者： Yuanyuan Zhou Yongjie Cao Jiao Huang Kaifei Deng Kaijun Ma Tianye Zhang Liqin Chen Ji Zhang Ping Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina Department of Forensic Medicine Inner Mongolia Medical UniversityHuhhotChina Department of Forensic Medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Forensic Medicine Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Institute of Forensic Science Shanghai Municipal Public Security Bureau ShanghaiChina

In forensic practice,it is difficult to determine whether a dead body in the water resulted from drowning or from disposal after *** testing is currently an important supporting technique for the determination of death by drowning and of drowning sites,even though it is a time-consuming and laborious *** article reviews the development of diatom testing over the decades and discusses a new method for the potential application of deep learning in diatom testing.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic pathology drowning diatom deep learning

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Nonnatural Deaths of Children under the Age of 5 Years in Ontario, Canada: A Retrospective Autopsy Analysis of 10 Years (2006–2015)

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2017年第4期3卷 197-202页

作者： Syeda Sakina Rizvi Jayantha C Herath Department of Public Health Lakehead UniversityThunder Bay Provincial Forensic Pathology Unit Forensic Pathology ServiceTorontoOntarioCanada Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto

The goal of this study is to unravel the common patterns observed among nonnatural deaths of children under 5 years and suggest ways to prevent such unnecessary *** study was confined to the province of Ontario to allow the identification of regional specific *** database at the Office of the Chief Coroner of Ontario was searched for all pediatric deaths from the years 2006–*** nonnatural deaths for children under the age of 5 years,including sudden infant death syndrome,were selected for the *** and cause of death along with the corresponding year were recorded in *** the 10‑year period,940 nonnatural deaths were identified in Ontario through autopsy records which are equal to approximately 36.7%of the total childhood *** were 295 accidental cases(11.6%)and 71 homicides(2.8%).The leading causes of nonnatural childhood deaths in Ontario were drowning,traffic accidents,blunt trauma,and *** deaths are preventable through education and training of *** of educational interventions can significantly reduce nonnatural deaths of children in Ontario.

关键词： Accidental death drowning homicide trauma

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