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Effects of nitrogen and salt on growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato under drip irrigation

International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第6期14卷 115-125页

作者： Jiulong Wang Zhenhua Wang Haiqiang Li Wenhao Li Tianyu Wang Mingdong Tan College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving irrigation Corp Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina

Xinjiang of China is one of the three largest planting bases of processing tomato in the world,but soil salinization has restricted the production of tomato *** order to study the effects of soil nitrogen,salt and their interaction on growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato under drip irrigation,different amount of nitrogen fertilizer were added to reconcile different salt stress to explore the response mechanisms of growth and yield of processing tomato to soil nitrogen and salt contents with a two-year *** results showed that the effects of soil salinity on the growth and physiological characteristics of processing tomato were significantly greater than that of input of nitrogen *** higher soil salt content(≥5.0 g/kg)significantly inhibited the growth of processing *** increase in addition of nitrogen fertilizer could alleviate the salt inhibition and promote the growth of processed tomato with the increase of soil salt content,and the maximum nitrogen application rate was 300 kg/*** linear plus platform was selected to determine the nitrogen effect models of non-saline-alkali soil and weak saline-alkali soil,but the square root nitrogen effect model of moderate saline-alkali soil was selected to accurately predict the yield of processing *** was suggested that the processing tomatoes should be planted in moderate saline-alkali soil to achieve higher yields due to lower input of nitrogen fertilizer,potentially reducing fertilizer costs and maximizing profits from high processing tomato *** results have a strong guiding significance for planting of processing tomato on saline-alkali land and appropriate fertilization to increase the yield of processing tomato.

关键词： drip irrigation processing tomato salinity photosynthetic fluorescence parameters nitrogen use efficiency water use efficiency

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Controlling threshold in soil salinity when planting spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 108-114页

作者： Zhenhua Wang Bo Zhou Lei Pei Jinzhu Zhang Xinlin He Henry Lin College of Water and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832000XinjiangChina Department of Ecosystem Science and Management Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Agricultural and Life Sciences University of Wisconsin-MadisonMadisonWI 53706USA

Xinjiang Region of China is one of the most typical and representative arid areas worldwide,along with severe soil salinization *** spring wheat and sequential cropping silage corn in Northern Xinjiang using drip irrigation has become an effective way to relieve soil salinity stress,which improves the simple agricultural structure in the past and ensures food security in this ***,neither the effects of different soil salinities on the growth and yield of spring wheat and silage corn,nor their desalination effect correspondingly was clear until ***,a pot experiment was conducted at Shihezi,Xinjiang from March to June *** study aimed to establish the quantitative correlations between the parameters mentioned above and came up with the appropriate soil salinity threshold in Northern Xinjiang *** results confirmed that the soils in all treatments were desalinated after the whole growth period,and the decreasing rates varied within 18.89%-44.08%and 11.06%-30.83%for two plants,which showed linear and quadratic correlations with initial soil salinity,respectively(R^(2)>0.92^(**),p0.92^(**),pdrip irrigation.

关键词： soil salinity drip irrigation spring wheat sequential silage corn quantitative correlations critical controlling threshold

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The Effect of Water Saving and Production Increment by drip irrigation Schedules

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2004年第4期9卷 493-497页

作者： QIUYuan-feng LUOJin-yao MENGGe StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringScience WuhanUniversityWuhan430072HubeiChina StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterResourcesandHydropowerEngineeringScience WuhanUniversityWuhan430072HubeiChina

drip irrigation system can achieve high uniformity. When the system is designed for uniformity coefficient equal or more than 70%, the water application in the field can be expressed as a normal distribution and further simplified to a linear distribution. This paper will describe the irrigation scheduling parameters, percent of deficit, application efficiency and coefficient of variation by simple mathematical model. Using this effective model and the irrigation application, the total yield affected by the total water application for different uniformity of irrigation application can be determined. More over, this paper uses the cost of water, price of yield, uniformity of the drip irrigation system, crop response to water application and environmental concerns of pollution and contamination to determine the optimal irrigation schedule. A case study shows that the optimal irrigation schedule can achieve the effect of water saving and production increment compared with the conventional irrigation schedule in which the whole field is fully irrigated. Key words drip irrigation - linear cumulative frequency curve - optimal irrigation schedule - water saving - production increment CLC number TV 139.1 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (59379407)Biography: QIU Yuan-feng (1973-), male, Ph. D, research direction: water saving irrigation theory and techniques.

关键词： drip irrigation linear cumulative frequency curve optimal irrigation schedule water saving production increment

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Wetting Patterns and Nitrate Distributions in Layered-Textural Soils Under drip irrigation

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第8期6卷 970-980页

作者： LI Jiusheng JI Hong-yan LI Bei LIU Yu-chun Department of irrigation and Drainage China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100044 P.R.China

Laboratory experiments were conducted in different sequence and thickness of the soil layers to investigate the effects of layered-textural soils on wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions from a surface point source under various combinations of application rate and applied volume. Three layered soils, including a sandy-over-sandy loam （SL）, a sandy loam-over-sandy （LS）, and a sandy loam-sandy-sandy loam （LSL）, and two uniform soils （a uniform sandy loam and a uniform sandy soil） were tested. In the experiments, the application rate was varied from 0.69 to 3.86 L h^-1 and the applied volume from 5.7 to 12.1 L. The experimental results demonstrated that the wetting patterns and water and nitrate distributions were greatly affected by the sequence and thickness of soil layers as well as the application rate and volume applied. An interface existing in the layered soils, whether a fine-over-coarse or a coarse-over-fine, had a common feature of limiting downward water movement and of increasing horizontal water movement. For the fine-over-coarse layered soils of LS and LSL, water and nitrate were uniformly distributed at a given depth in the top layer soil. For a coarse-over-fine layered soil of SL, however, water accumulated in the sublayer soil underneath the interface and a zone of lower nitrate concentration was observed. The effect of application rate on water distribution pattern was dependent upon soil layering. A minor influence of application rate on water distribution for the fine-over-coarse layered soils （LS and LSL） than for the uniform soils was found. To obtain a greater wetted depth through selecting the emitters having a smaller application rate, which is a common method in the system design for a uniform soil, may not be necessarily applied for the layered soils. Measurements of nitrate distribution showed that nitrate accumulated toward the boundary of the wetted volume for both the uniform and the layered soils. This suggests the import

关键词： drip irrigation fertigation layered-textural soil soil water nitrate

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Effects of drip irrigation on components of water cycle in arid inland areas: A case study of Manas river basin in northwestern China

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第1期12卷 132-138页

作者： Pengfei Li Guang Yang Xinlin He Fadong Li Ke Yan Zelin Wang College of Water and Architectural Engineering Shihezi UniversityShihezi 832003XinjiangChina Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving irrigation Shihezi 832003China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Compared to either drip irrigation or mulching with plastic film,the two methods together can reduce water requirements of crops grown in arid areas by more than 30%.Such a combination deployed on a large scale(1)reduced the loss of soil water by 31.8%compared to that from drip irrigation alone;(2)narrowed the range of annual evapotranspiration from 1582.4-1780.3 mm,which is average for the basin,to 222.2-294.8 mm;and(3)increased the overall humidity in the central plain of the ***,the surrounding regions in which drip irrigation is not combined with mulching are getting more arid;thus,as a result of the water-saving technology,both oases and the desertification of the river basin are increasing at the same *** results of the study further the understanding of the effects of drip irrigation combined with mulching on water cycles in the basin of the Manas river and suggest ways to protect the ecology and the environment of the basin.

关键词： evapotranspiration drip irrigation arid inland areas water cycle Mann-Kendall rank test MOD16 Manas river basin

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Effects of combined drip irrigation and mulching practices on the soil evaporation characteristics in a young apple orchard in arid northwestern China

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2024年第4期11卷 575-588页

作者： Xinyu WANG Haijing WANG Xiao L Di WANG State Key Laboratory of Efficient Utilization of Agricultural Water Resources China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China National Field Scientific Observation and Research Station on Efficient Water Use of Oasis Agriculture Wuwei733009China.

Soil evaporation(SE)is a key component of regional hydrological balance,especially in arid *** has the largest area of apple orchards in the world,but the effects of mulching practices on sE dynamics and their controlling factors remain poorly understood in orchards using drip irrigation(DI).This study was conducted to address these issues by measuring SE,meteorological factors,soil temperature(ST),and soil water content(SwC)in young apple orchard under two mulching treatments during the growing *** experiments,which included three treatmentsfilm mulching(FM)and maize straw mulching(SM),and clean tillage(TL)asa comparatorwere conducted in 3-year-old apple orchard with Dl in arid northwestern *** results revealed that mulching significantly affected the daily SE dynamics of the young orchard(p0.05),whereas the daily SWC in the four soil layers to 120 cm were consistently greater under SM treatment than under FM and TL treatments(p0.05).This study highlighted the significant differences in SE losses and SWC dynamics of the mulching ***,SM is considered to be a more effective mulching practice for reducing unproductive SE and improving SWC status in young apple orchards with DI in arid and similarclimatic regions.

关键词： drip irrigation orchards soil evaporation surface mulching water-limited regions

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HYDRUS-2D simulations of water movement in a drip irrigation system under soilless substrate

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第3期15卷 210-216页

作者： Lei Geng Li Li Wei Li Chengfei Yang Fanjia Meng Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing100083China Key Laboratory of Smart Agriculture System Integration Ministry of EducationChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083Chin

A comprehensive understanding of the distribution and water movement of the substrate in root areas is crucial to the design and management of drip irrigation systems,which is a significant step to maximizing crop water use efficiency by understanding the hydrodynamics in soilless *** this study,an improved HYDRUS-2D model by the dynamic root growth model was used to simulate water movement under the condition of drip irrigation and the water uptake process of the root,and then,compared with the observed *** water content under drip irrigation was also measured with the calibrated ECH20-EC5 *** situation of substrate water movement was analyzed under the conditions of different depths,different initial water content,and different irrigation *** substrate water movement under different drip irrigation conditions was *** results showed that incorporating the defined initial and boundary conditions and the hydraulic characteristics of the substrate into the model enabled HYDRUS model to predict the movement and position of water in unsaturated porous media by solving Richards *** drip irrigation,the substrate wetting body was approximately a quarter ellipse,and the water would continue to move to the area where the wetting front did not reach within 1 h after *** simulation results of the improved HYDRUS-2D model agreed well with those observed by the ECH2O-EC5 sensors,and the model could provide a basis for precision irrigation of soilless substrate culture under drip irrigation.

关键词： drip irrigation HYDRUS-2D substrate water movement soilless substrate

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Water Dynamics Combined with a Supply of NPK Solutes and Urea in a 3-Layer Soil Profile under drip irrigation

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Agricultural Sciences 2021年第11期12卷 1321-1341页

作者： Siguibnoma Kévin Landry Ouédraogo Marcel Bawindsom Kébré François Zougmoré Laboratoire de Matériaux et Environnement UFR/ST Université Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The intensive and inappropriate use of water, fertilizers and phytosanitary products is sources of water and soil pollution. It is thus necessary to improve the management of irrigation water in order to optimize its use and productivity, especially in regions where water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. The water flow and non-reactive solutes’ transport simulation under drip irrigation were carried out in a 3-layered soil profile distributed from top to bottom i.e., sandy, sandy-silty, silty-sandy-clay. The aim of this study was thus, to provide a good practice of water management associated with solutes’ application, in order to retain as much solute as possible in the root zone, which will increase the residence time of the solutes. Three treatments of water flux corresponding to 100% ETc, 75% ETc, 50% ETc, combined with 100 mmol /L/ m2 of NPK and 246 mmol/L/m2 of urea applicable in two doses, were carried out over a period of 110 days corresponding to the duration of the cropping cycle for the intermediate variety of maize. The 100% ETc and 75% ETc treatments cause more loss of water and solutes, because of the sandy texture of the soil. However, a 50% ETc water flux would reduce more water loss through drainage, and solutes’ loss due to leaching beyond the root zone, which would increase the residence time of solutes in the soil profile. Application tests of the NPK solute on different days before the 15th day after sowing were also carried out according to the technical itinerary for maize production in Burkina Faso, in order to find a favorable day for application of the solute. For the different dates of solute’s application, there was more loss of the solute as we approach the 15th day after sowing. To limit this loss and i

关键词： drip irrigation Hydrus 1D Solute and Water Management Residence Time

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Implications of Design, Management and Recession Phase in drip irrigation on the Total Distribution Efficiency in Blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) Crops in Areas with High Slopes in Concordia, Argentina

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 469-478页

作者： A. Pannunzio E. A. Holzapfel P. Texeira Soria F. Bologna University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Centro de Recursos Hídricospara la Agricultura y la Minería Chillán Chile Berries del Sol S.A. Colonia Ayuí Argentina

The increase of human population generates the need to improve the efficiency of food production. A thorough planning is required following the scope of economic and sustainable development, being irrigation a basic tool, however water availability is restricted and it obliges farmers to progress increasing water productivity. irrigation uses around 70% of total available fresh water, while irrigation water application efficiency is around 40%. irrigation systems must follow strong criteria at the design stage to achieve high values of water productivity. Maintenance is indispensable to follow the original functioning level of those systems. At last the daily precise management of systems, following soil water potential, considering the effective rain storage at root depth of the crop and the evolution of daily evapotranspiration, preserving natural resources, are relevant to achieve low values of water footprint of this crop. In an 8 year drip irrigation system, the Uniformity Coefficient of Christiansen (UCC) measured was 95.14%;the Uniform Coefficient of the Minor Quart (UCMQ) was 93.16%. The Total Distribution Efficiency (EDT) was 95.13% when measurements finished while the irrigation systems is of. When measurements also considered the volume collected during the “recession phase in drip irrigation” and the “volume of water collected during recession phase in drip irrigation” collected at different points, EDT was 95.13%. Moreover it can be seen that when three different typical soil of the area were considered, the EDT was, 91.85%, 91.47% and 90.30% respectively, according with different water storage capacity of each soil. The Total Distribution Efficient is a strong method, to evaluate the design and management of drip irrigation systems, under different design criteria, management practices and maintenance of the systems. Water footprint in a blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) crop with drip and sprinkler anti-frost system, were measure and values obtained

关键词： Recession Phase in irrigation Water Management drip irrigation irrigation Design Criteria drip irrigation Management Blueberry Crop Snow Chaser Variety irrigation Uniformity Water Footprint

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Effect of drip irrigation Intervals and Some Antitranspirants on the Water Status, Growth and Yield of Potato （Solanum tuberosum L,）

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2015年第1期5卷 15-23页

作者： Abdel-Monnem Sadalaha Khalel Department of Plant Production Technical Agricultural College Mosul 43581 Iraq

In order to reduce the quantity of water applied by irrigation, increase the water use efficiency and determine the appropriate period for irrigation potato crop, a field experiment was implemented at vegetables field, Department of Plant Production, Agriculture Technical College, Mosul, Iraq, during spring season of 2014. This study involved four irrigation intervals （3, 4, 5 and 6 d） under drip irrigation system, with spraying by five antitranspirant substances （control, kaolin 5 g/L, MgCO3 3 g/L, liquid paraffin 2% and Nu-film 17 1%）, which subjected in a factorial experiment within split plot system in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The results showed that increasing irrigation intervals from 3 d to 6 d decreased the total water content of the leaves from 83.59% to 81.81%, the rate of relative transpiration from 0.174% to 0.162%, stomata area from 1.620 lam2/stomata to 0.921 ~m2/stomata, plant yield from 542.22 g to 425.80 g, total yield of tubers from 25.808 tons/ha to 20.253 tons/ha and marketable yield of tubers from 24.471 tons/ha to 18.822 tons/ha, whereas caused an increase in the leaf water deficit from 19.19% to 23.86% and water use efficiency from 8.63 kg/m3 to 13.32 kg/m3. Spraying potato plants with liquid paraffin 2% led to the highest total water content 83.37%, stomata area 1.466 ~tm2/stomata, the lowest relative transpiration 0.152%, the lowest leaf water deficit 20.33%, the highest plant yield 509.22 g, total yield 24.236 tons/ha, marketable yield 22.770 tons/ha and water use efficiency I 1.83 kg/m3. On the other hand, the interaction treatments between irrigation intervals and antitranspirants resulted in a significant effect in many studied parameters.

关键词： Potato drip irrigation antitranspirants tuber stomata kaolin liquid paraffin.

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