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Reservoir geological modeling and significance of Cambrian Xiaoerblak Formation in Keping outcrop area, Tarim Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第3期47卷 536-547页

作者： ZHENG Jianfeng PAN Wenqing SHEN Anjiang YUAN Wenfang HUANG Lili NI Xinfeng ZHU Yongjin Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir CNPCHangzhou 310023China PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023China Tarim Oilfield Company PetroChinaKorla 841000China

Take the Cambrian Xiaoerblak Formation in the Keping(Kalpin) outcrop area as an example, a 28 km reservoir scale geological model was built based on description of 7 profiles, observation of more than 1000 thin sections, petrophysical analysis of 556 samples and many geochemical tests. The Xiaoerblak Formation, 158–178 m thick, is divided into three members and 5 submembers, and is composed of laminated microbialite dolomite(LMD), thrombolite dolomite(TD), foamy-stromatolite dolomite(FSD), oncolite dolomite(OD), grain dolomite(GD)/crystalline dolomite with grain ghost and micritic dolomite(MD)/argillaceous dolomite. The petrology features show that its sediment sequence is micro-organism layer – microbial mound/shoal – tidal flat in carbonate ramp background from bottom up. The reservoir has 5 types of pores, namely, framework pore, dissolved vug, intergranular and intragranular dissolved pore and intercrystalline dissolved pore, as main reservoir space. It is found that the development of pore has high lithofacies selectivity, FSD has the highest average porosity, TD, OD and GD come second. The reservoir is pore-vug reservoir with medium-high porosity and medium-low permeability. The dolomite of Xiaoerblak Formation was formed in para-syngenetic to early diagenetic stage through dolomitization caused by seawater. The reservoir development is jointly controlled by sedimentary facies, micro-organism type, high frequency sequence interface and early dolomitization. The classⅠand Ⅱ reservoirs, with an average thickness of 41.2 m and average reservoir-stratum ratio of about 25.6%, have significant potential. It is predicted that the microbial mounds and shoals in the middle ramp around the ancient uplift are the favorable zones for reservoir development.

关键词： Tarim Basin Keping area Xiaoerblak Formation dolomite microbialite reservoir genesis geological modeling

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Eogenetic karst and its control on reservoirs in the Ordovician Majiagou Formation, eastern Sulige gas field, Ordos Basin, NW China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2020年第6期47卷 1246-1261页

作者： XIE Kang TAN Xiucheng FENG Min WANG Baobao ZHONG Shoukang YANG Mengying NIE Wancai QIAO Zhanfeng ZENG Wei State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Department of Key Laboratory of Carbonate Reservoir of CNPC Southwest Petroleum UniversityChengdu 610500China Exploration and Development Research Institute of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710018China Yihuang Natural Gas Department of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company Xi’an 710018China PetroChina Hangzhou Research Institute of Geology Hangzhou 310023China

To further ascertain the origin of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation reservoirs in the Ordos Basin,the M54-M51 sub-members of the Ordovician Majiagou Formation in the eastern Sulige gasfield of Ordos Basin were taken as examples to analyze the vertical development characteristics of eogenetic karst and to discover the dissolution mechanism and its control on reservoirs through observation of a large number of cores and thin *** to detailed analysis of petrologic characteristics,the reservoir rock types include micritic dolomite,grain dolomite and microbialite which have mainly moldic pore,intergranular(dissolved)pore,and(dissolved)residual framework pore as main reservoir space *** study area developed upward-shallowing sequences,with an exposure surface at the top of a single upward-shallowing *** karst systems under the exposure surface had typical exposure characteristics of early dissolution and filling,indicating these reservoirs were related to the facies-controlled eogenetic *** the increase of karstification intensity,the reservoirs became worse in physical properties.

关键词： porous reservoir reservoir characteristics eogenetic karst dolomite Majiagou Formation Ordovician Sulige gas field Ordos Basin

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Chemical compositions of carbonate minerals from Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, North China, and their petrogenetic implications

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第S2期44卷 7-8页

作者： M. J. Le Bas School of Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton Southampton SO143ZH UK

THE origin of the giant Bayan Obo REE-Nb-Fe ore deposit has been under much debate since its discoveryas an iron deposit by Prof. Ding Daoheng in 1927. The main dispute is concentrated on the genesis of theore-hosted dolomite marbles of the deposit, Some authors considered them to be sedimentary in origin,while others pointed out that they could be carbonatite. However, there are very few researches concerning the compositions of carbonate minerals which may provide a direct clue to their petrogenesis. Herewe show the variations of compositions in carbonate minerals from Bayan Obo. Carbonate rocks from Bayan Obo, Inner Mongolia, could be divided into sedimentary limestone anddolostone (H8_s), coarse-grained dolomite marble (H8_c), fine-grained dolomite marble (H8_f) and carbonatite dykes (D) based on their texture, structure, mineral progenesis and occurrences. H8_s thatshows weak metamorphism and deformation is distributed to the north of the Kuangou fault, occurring

关键词： carbonate minerals dolomite carbonatite Bayan Obo.

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Types of Microbialites and its Reservoir Rock Characteristics of the Mesoproterozoic Wumishan Formation in Jixian County,Tianjin,China

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A01期89卷 48-50页

作者： JIN Tingfu LI Youguo LUO Ping LI Pengwei Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 610059 Sichuan China Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development Petro China Beijing 100083 China Exploration & Production Research Institute SINOPEC Beijing 100083 China

The North China area is characterized by rifting and rift trenches developed during the Proterozoic, including the Yanliao rift trench, which started forming at 1.8Ga, and the Wumishan Formation, which was deposited d... 详细信息

关键词： RESERVOIR rocks PETROLEUM geology PETROLEUM prospecting dolomite ROCK-forming minerals

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The Sedimentary Characteristics of Suning–Dawangzhuang Carbonate Bar in Ji Zhong Depression

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A01期89卷 39-40页

作者： HUANG Jingxuan LU Shuangfang CHEN Fangwen GE Xiaobo WU Yihao Research Institute of Unconventional Petroleum andRenewable Energy China University of Petroleum (East China)Qingdao 266580 College of Geosciences and Technology China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580

1 Introduction A thin carbonate sediments is developed at Sha he jie group, in Su Ning--Da Wang Zhuang area of Ji Zhong depression. Based at core description, identification and analysis of foundation under the microscope, combined with logging, analysis, we have discussed the carbonate sedimentary characteristics and sedimentary model in Su Ning--Da Wang Zhuang area.

关键词： CARBONATE reservoirs RESEARCH CARBONATE rocks LIMESTONE dolomite WATER depth

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Characteristics of Micro Pore-throat of Tight Oil Reservoir in Permian Lucaogou Formation,Jimsar Sag

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2015年第A01期89卷 112-113页

作者： XUE Xiujie CAO Yingchang WANG Jian XI Kelai ZHANG Qingqing School of Geosciences China University of Petroleum

Jimsar Sag is located in the southwest section of the eastern part of the Junggar Basin. It is a typical self- generation and self-storage type tight oil reservoir in the deposition period of Permian Lucaogou Formation. The tight oil reservoir rocks have complex mineral compositions and multiple components, which represent a kind of transitional mixed sedimentary rock.

关键词： PETROLEUM reservoirs OIL fields FORMATIONS (Geology) POROSITY -- Measurement dolomite CHINA

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Origin of Dolomitization in Demirkazik Formation(Adana-Turkey)

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2017年第6期5卷 135-146页

作者： Cengiz Yetis Bayram Ali Mert Meryem Yesilot Kaplan Department of Geology Engineering Cukurova UniversityAdanaTurkey Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Iskenderun Technical UniversityHatayTurkey

Demirkazık formation consisting of the limestones and dolomites is common in the Adana, Turkey. In this study, it is aimed to find the origin of dolomitization by preparing a detailed geological map. For this purpose, firstly, thin section/polished section and, chemical analysis of the twenty-one samples characterizing dolomitization of the field were prepared and examined. In the chemical analyzes, 21 samples were determined MgO-CaO ratio. Geological map was prepared by field study and MgO contents of the samples that are known coordinates in the chemical data, and the regions where dolomitization was effective were determined. Dolomitization in these carbonates occurs at early stages and late stages. Two dolomite types are petrographically determined;(1) fine crystalline dolomite (TD-1) with 10 - 25 μm crystal size and (2) coarse crystalline dolomite (TD-2) with 50 - 120 μm crystal size. TD-1 is formed by synsedimentary replacement and TD-2 derived from TD-1. The evidence of dolomitization due to pressure changes in the TD-2 dolomites is evidence of late diagenetic. There are three types of carbonate by chemical data;limestone, dolomitic limestone, calcitic dolomite and MgCO3 ratio of these is increased respectively. The rate of dolomitization is very variable and at the fracture regions, the Mg ratio increases, indicating that tectonism is the cause of dolomitization.

关键词： dolomite Limestone Replacement Dolomitization

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Contribution to the Characterization of Carbonate Rocks of the Nganzi Oil Exploration Block (Onshore of the DR Congo Coastal Basin)

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Open Journal of Yangtze Oil and Gas 2022年第3期7卷 149-165页

作者： Dominique Wetshondo Osomba Patrick Lokata Ediho Shams Mbundi Diambu Bruno Deko Oyema Benjamin Safari Kachunga Jean Ondontshia Nkoyi Link Bukasa Muamba Joël Kabesa Kilungu Department of Geoscience Faculty of Sciences University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Genie des Ressources Manières et Pétroliéres (GeReMiPe) Research Center University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Department of Exploration and Production Faculty of Oil Gas and Renewable Energies University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Centre de Recherches Géologiques et Miniéres (CRGM) Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo

The carbonate lithofacies of the Nganzi Exploratory Block located in the Lukula Territory in the Central Kongo Province were described in the field, sampled and subjected to microscopic, mineralogical, physico-chemical and petrophysical analyses. The aim is to increase the probability of discovery of deposits following the drilling of exploration wells in the most appropriate structures. These carbonates, limestones (white, greyish and greenish) and dolomites (massive and platelets) are presented in packstone, grainstone and wackestone textures. In addition to the essential minerals of these rocks, calcite and dolomite, we find quartz, plagioclase and kaolinite. With a porosity between 11% and 19% and a permeability of 138 to 155 mD, the Nganzi carbonates, which contain up to 23% oil, constitute good oil reservoirs. The characterization of the detrital facies and the acquisition of a seismic survey of the wells is essential to have a more detailed knowledge of the oil resources of the Nganzi Block.

关键词： Nganzi Block Limestone dolomite Petrophysics Texture Surface Shows

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A Brief Study on pH, Exchangeable Ca<sup>2+</sup>and Mg<sup>2+</sup>in Farmlands under Tobacco-Rice Rotation in Xuancheng City of South Anhui

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第4期9卷 480-488页

作者： Anqi Wang Ka Lin Chengxin Ma Qin Gao Qifa Zhu Xuejun Ji Guo Zhang Lin Xue Chaolong Zu Chaoqiang Jiang Jia Shen Decheng Li State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Tobacco Science Anhui Agricultural Academy of Sciences Hefei China Wannan Tobacco Co. Ltd. Xuancheng China

pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ of soil can influence the yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco. Xuancheng city is the dominant tobacco-planting region in Anhui province since 2008. A general soil survey was conducted in Xuancheng city to understand the current situations of pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ of farmlands under tobacco-rice rotation and to decide whether continuous applying dolomite powders to abate soil acidification. In total 124 topsoil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from the typical farmlands and soil pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were measured. The results showed that soil pH and Ca2+ and Mg2+ in Xuancheng city were generally in the suitable grades, pH ranged from 4.56 to 8.42 with an average of 5.87, exchangeable Ca2+ ranged from 1.01 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1 to 100.55 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1 with an average of 11.07 cmol(1/2Ca2+) kg-1, and exchangeable Mg2+ ranged from 0.14 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1 to 2.86 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1 with an average of 0.81 cmol(1/2Mg2+) kg-1, all spanned from the low grades to the high grades. To the whole Xuancheng city, 37.10%, 62.10% and 72.58% of the surveyed farmlands were in the low grades of pH, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+, respectively, while 52.42%, 25.00% and 20.97% of the farmlands were in the suitable grades, respectively. pH had an extremely significantly positive Napierian logarithm correlation with exchangeable Ca2+ and an extremely significantly positive power correlation with exchangeable Mg2+. In total about 338.2 kg·hm-2 of Ca2+ and 202.4 kg·hm-2 of Mg2+ are annually input into the farmlands, while about 110.4 kg·hm-2 of Ca2+ and 7.4 kg·hm-2 of Mg2+ are annually moved out from the farmlands, exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ were annually increased by 225.2 kg·hm-2 and 187.6 kg·hm-2 in the farmlands, respectively. It is necessary to monitor the farmlands dynamically in order to decide whether continuous applying dolomite powders which should be dependent upon the specific conditions of individual farmlands.

关键词： pH Exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+ dolomite Powders Farmlands Tobacco-Rice Rotation Xuancheng City

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Lowering Gasifier Tars and Particulates Using Heated Dololmite Catalyst and a Particulate Filter

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Smart Grid and Renewable Energy 2012年第1期3卷 56-61页

作者： Christopher O. Akudo Beatrice G. Terigar Chandra S. Theegala Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge USA.

For this study, a fixed-bed, down-draft gasifier was designed to investigate the effect of a dolomite catalytic bedon tar removal. Pine pellets and wood chips (cypress) were used to produce syngas from the down-draft gasifier. For the gas conditioning, a combination of a heated dolomite (bed temperature at 850?C for catalytic cracking of tars) and a particulate filter (for particulate removal) was used. Investigation of temperature effects on dolomite activity between 650?C and 950 C bed temperatures, showed optimum catalytic efficiency at approximately 850?C. At the optimum conditions, gravimetric tar and particulate concentrations in syngas produced from pine pellets were 0.85 g/Nm3 (±0.16) and 4.75 g/Nm3 (±0.07), respectively before gas conditioning, and 0.09 g/Nm3 (±0.02) and 2.01 g/Nm3 (±0.13), respectively after gas conditioning. Syngas from wood chips contained 1.63 g/Nm3 (±0.45) and 3.84 g/Nm3 (±1.16) of tars and particulates, respectively before gas cleaning and 0.19 g/Nm3 (±0.02) and 2.27 g/Nm3 (±0.27) tars and particulates, respectively after gas conditioning. The combustible portion of the gas constituted carbon monoxide (12% - 14%), hydrogen (11% - 12%), and methane (~2%). These results suggest that syngas produced from gasification of pine pellets and wood chips in a down-draft biomass gasifier can be effectively cleaned using a heated catalyst bed and a particulate filter. However, the benefits of gas conditioning will be offset by the need to maintain a heated catalyst bed for tar cracking.

关键词： Gasification dolomite Tars Particulates Syngas

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