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Effects of firewood harvesting intensity on biodiversity and ecosystem services in shrublands of northern Patagonia

Forest Ecosystems 2020年第4期7卷 621-634页

作者： Matías G.Goldenberg Facundo J.Oddi Juan H.Gowda Lucas A.Garibaldi Universidad Nacional de Río Negro Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos NaturalesAgroecología y Desarrollo RuralSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Instituto de Investigaciones en Recursos NaturalesAgroecología y Desarrollo RuralSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina. Laboratorio Ecotono INIBIOMACONICET-Universidad Nacional del ComahueSan Carlos de BarilocheRío NegroArgentina.

Background: Forest management has historically focused on provisioning of goods (e.g. timber, biomass), butthere is an increasing interest to manage forests also to maintain biodiversity and to provide other ecosystemservices (ES).Methods: We evaluated the effects of firewood harvesting intensity on biodiversity and different ES in threecontrasting shrubland sites in northern Patagonia (Argentina). At each site, four harvesting treatments, representingvarious levels of harvest intensity, were randomly assigned to eight permanent sample plots of 31.5m× 45 mduring 2013–***: We found that the effects of increasing harvesting intensity on plant diversity changed from negative topositive (and from nonlinear to more linear responses) with increasing site productivity. Harvesting intensityshowed contrasting effects on variables related to fire protection ecosystem service, since it reduced fuel amount(potentially reducing fire spread) but also reduced live fuel moisture content (potentially increasing flammability) atthe three sites. Two variables related to soil formation and protection ES, leaf litter cover and aerial soil cover,decreased with harvesting intensity at the three ***: We conclude that shrubland management for firewood production may enhance biodiversity withoutcompromising certain important ES. The intensity of harvesting should be determined according to site conditionsand forecasted impacts on biodiversity, fire and soil formation and protection.

关键词： Temperate forest ecosystems disturbance intensity Plant diversity Ecosystem services

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Differences in Soil Microbial Biomass and Activity for Six Agroecosystems with a Management disturbance Gradient

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Pedosphere 2004年第4期14卷 441-448页

作者： ZHANGWei-Jian FENGJin-Xia J.WU K.PARKER DepartmentofAgronomy NanjingAgriculturalUniversityNanjing210095（China）. DepartmentofPlantPathology NorthCarolinaStateUniversityRaleighNC27695（USA）

Different management practices in six agroecosystems located near Goldsboro, NC, USA were conducted including a successional field (SU), a plantation woodlot (WO), an integrated cropping system with animals (IN), an organic farming system (OR), and two cash-grain cropping systems employing either tillage (CT) or no-tillage (NT) to examine if and how microbial biomass and activity differ in response to alterations in disturbance intensity from six land management strategies. Results showed that soil microbial biomass and activity differed, with microbial activity in intermediately disturbed ecosystems (NT, OR, IN) being significantly higher (P ＜ 0.01) than systems with either high or low disturbance intensities. There was also a significant and a highly significant ecosystem effect from the treatments on microbial biomass C (MBC) (P ＜ 0.05) and on microbial activity (respiration) (P ＜ 0.01), respectively. Multiple comparisons of mean respiration rates distinctly separated the six ecosystem types into three groups: CT ＜ NT, SU and WO ＜ OR and ***, for detecting microbial response to disturbance changes these results indicated that the active component of the soil microbial community was a better indicator than total biomass.

关键词： agroecosystems carbon retention disturbance intensity microbial biomass soil microbial activity

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