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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第6期128卷 71-80页

作者： Yuqing He Zibin Pan Xinxin Liang Ruiman Xie Yuying Sun Juan Li YaweiWang Lixi Zeng Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health School of EnvironmentJinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation for Environmental Quality Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Photoinitiators(PIs)are widely used in industrial polymerization *** has been reported that PIs are ubiquitous in indoor environments and that humans are exposed to PIs,but the occurrence of PIs in natural environments are rarely *** the present study,25 PIs,including 9 benzophenones(BZPs),8 amine co-initiators(ACIs),4 thioxanthones(TXs)and 4 phosphine oxides(POs),were analyzed in water and sediment samples collected from eight riverine outlets of the Pearl River Delta(PRD).Eighteen,14,and 14 of the 25 target PIs were detected in water,suspended particulatematter(SPM)and sediment samples,*** total concentrations of PIs in water,SPM,and sediment were in the ranges of 2.88–96.1 ng/L,9.25–923 ng/g dry weight(dw),and 3.79–56.9 ng/g dw,with geometric mean concentration(GM)of 10.8 ng/L,48.6 ng/g dw,and 17.1 ng/g dw,respectively.A significant linear regression was observed between the log partitioning coefficients(Kd)values of PIs and their log octanol water partition coefficient(Kow)values(R^(2)=0.535,pcharacteristics of PIs exposure in water,SPM,and *** environmental fate and risks of PIs in aquatic environments need further investigations.

关键词： Photoinitiators Riverine inputs distribution characteristics Partitioning coefficients Pearl River Delta

distribution characteristics of Transmitted Diffuse Solar Radiation on the Indoor Surface

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Journal of Thermal Science 2022年第6期31卷 1939-1947页

作者： YAO Wanxiang TIAN Wanfeng SHANG Jiacheng HE Haiyan DONG Jiajun CAO Weixue School of Energy and Safety Engineering Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300384China Tianjin Key Laboratory of Civil Structure Protection and Reinforcement Tianjin Chengjian UniversityTianjin 300384China Key Laboratory of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Saving Technology of Zhejiang Province Zhejiang Energy Group R&D Institute Co.Ltd.Hangzhou 311121China

The transparent envelope structure has huge energy-saving potential, which is the key point to reduce building energy consumption and improve the thermal building environment. The solar radiation transmitted through the transparent envelope structure(transmitted solar radiation) is reflected, scattered and absorbed by the indoor surface, which has a significant impact on the heat gain of the building. In this paper, firstly, the diffuse radiation received by different depths of various indoor surfaces is measured by experimental tests, and the distribution function of transmitted diffuse solar radiation(TDSR) on the indoor surface is established. Secondly, the diffuse solar radiation received by the indoor and outdoor surfaces in different seasons is continuously monitored;the variation of TDSR with time is analyzed, and the distribution function of TDSR on indoor surface with time is proposed. Finally, based on the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of diffuse radiation under different weather conditions, the variation of TDSR with the weather is studied, and the distribution function of TDSR on the indoor surface with weather changes is established. The distribution function of the TDSR on the indoor surface under different depths, time and weather conditions obtained in this study can supplement and improve the theory of building heat gain and load, and help accurate simulation of building energy consumption.

关键词： transmitted solar radiation diffuse radiation indoor wall surface distribution characteristics building heat gain

distribution characteristics of dissolved organic carbon in annular wetland soil-water solutions through soil profiles in the Sanjiang Plain,Northeast China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第9期19卷 1074-1078页

作者： XI Min LU Xian-guo LI Yue KONG Fan-long Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun 130012 China. College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100039 China

Overwhelming evidence reveals that concentrations of dissolved organic carbon （DOC） have increased in streams which brings negative environmental impacts. DOC in stream flow is mainly originated from soil-water solutions of watershed. Wetlands prove to be the most sensitive areas as an important DOC reserve between terrestrial and fluvial biogeosystems. This reported study was focused on the distribution characteristics and the controlling factors of DOC in soil-water solutions of annular wetland, i.e., a dishing wetland and a forest wetland together, in the Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China. The results indicate that DOC concentrations in soilwater solutions decreased and then increased with increasing soil depth in the annular wetland. In the upper soil layers of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm, DOC concentrations in soil-water solutions linearly increased from edge to center of the annular wetland （R^2 = 0.3122 and R^2 = 0.443）. The distribution variations were intimately linked to DOC production and utilization and DOC transport processes in annular wetland soil-water solutions. The concentrations of total organic carbon （TOC）, total carbon （TC） and Fe（II）, DOC mobility and continuous vertical and lateral flow affectext the distribution variations of DOC in soil-water solutions. The correlation coefficients between DOC concentrations and TOC, TC and Fe（II） were 0.974, 0.813 and 0.753 respectively. These distribution characteristics suggested a systematic response of the distribution variations of DOC in annular wetland soil-water solutions to the geometry of closed depressions on a scale of small catchments. However, the DOC in soil pore water of the annular wetland may be the potential source of DOC to stream flow on watershed scale. These observations also implied the fragmentation of wetland landscape could bring the spatial-temporal variations of DOC distribution and exports, which would bring negative environmental impacts in watersheds of the Sanjiang Plain.

关键词： dissolved organic carbon (DOC) distribution characteristics annular wetland soil-water solutions Sanjiang Plain

distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments and core sediments of the Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province,China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2009年第6期28卷 53-60页

作者： ZUO Ping WANG Yaping MIN Fengyang CHENG Jun Key Laboratory of Coast and Island Development Ministry of Education Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093 China

The concentration of zinc, chromium, cadmium, nickel, lead and copper was measured on both surface sediments and core sediments in the Shenzhen Bay. The average contents of all metals have exceeded the background values in the coastal zone of Guangdong Province. Cadmium is a heavy pollution matter which indicates a strong pollution level according to the ecological risk coefficient method. The ecological risk index of the whole area is 299 which belongs to middle and strong level. The area with strong pollution level is the near shore area closing to the inside of Shenzhen Bay, Shakou area is in the middle level while the weak pollution level occurs in Shenzhenhe Estuary according to ecological risk index. The four sediment cores can be divided into two parts based on lead-210 dating, sediments size analysis and economic development period in surrounding areas since 1950 with strong human intervention. The sediment size, deposition rate and human activities have positive relationship with the contents of heavy metals which directly impact the pollution level of heavy metals in sediments in Shenzhen Bay.

关键词： surface sediments core sediments distribution characteristics pollution assessments Shenzhen Bay in Guangdong Province

Analysis of the distribution characteristics of enterovirus types based on environmental surveillance from 2013 to 2021 in Fujian Province, China

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生物安全与健康(英文) 2023年第4期5卷 240-249页

作者： Xiuhui Yang Shaojian Cai Xiaoqian Wu Yong Zhang Dong Li Yahong Chen Qianjing Chen Shuangli Zhu Dongmei Yan Wenbo Xu Hairong Zhang Zhifei Chen Suhan Zhang Yong Zhou Mengping Zhang Ningxuan Zheng Na You Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research Fujian Center for Disease Control and PreventionFuzhou 350012China School of Basic Medical Sciences Fujian Medical UniversityFuzhou 350108China WHO WPRO Regional Polio Reference Laboratory and Ministry of Health Key Laboratory for Medical Virology National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionChangping DistrictBeijing 102206China Quanzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention Quanzhou 362018China Longyan Center for Disease Control and Prevention Longyan 364000China Public Health School of Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350108China

Environmental surveillance (ES) is a useful approach for monitoring circulating viruses, including polioviruses (PVs) and non-polio enteroviruses (NPEVs). In this study, the results of nine years of ES from 2013 to 2021 at six sampling sites in three cities in Fujian Province, China, were summarized. It showed that the sewage samples contained abundant viruses, but the positive rate was affected by different sampling sites. From the 520 samples, 431 PVs, 1,713 NPEVs, and 281 human adenoviruses (HAdVs) were isolated. PV isolates had been markedly affected following the adjustment of the immunization strategy. All but one PV isolate were Sabin-like strains without wild PVs. One isolate was vaccine-derived PV type 3 with 10 variation points in theVP1 region. After May 2016, PV type 2 was no longer detected, and PV type 3 became a superior serotype. Of 1,713 NPEVs, 24 serotypes were identified, including echovirus11 (E11), E6, coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), CVB5, E7, and E3 were the predominant serotypes (37.65%, 20.96%, 11.50%, 8.87%, 8.23%, and 7.06%, respectively). The temporal dynamic of the six common serotypes was inconsistent. E3 was frequently isolated, but the number of isolates was low, with no obvious peaks. E6, E7, and CVB3 exhibited periodic changes with a high peak every three to four years, and E11 only had one high peak lasting four years. Summer-fall peaks of the echoviruses and spring-winter peaks of CVB were observed in the monthly distribution of virus isolation. The infectious isolates of various serotypes of different species identified from the sewage samples showed that ES is an essential part of pathogen surveillance.

关键词： Enterovirus surveillance Enteroviruse Poliovirus distribution characteristics

distribution characteristics and Influencing Factors of Geological Hazards in Tibet

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Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences 2006年第4期11卷 806-812页

作者： FAN Jihui WU Caiyan Cheng Genwei Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Chengdu 610041 Sichuan China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Tibet is one of the areas with most serious geological hazards in China, and the distribution of disasters has obvious local charac teristics. Tibet can be classified as three parts through zoning the danger degree, the mountain canyon high danger zone of east and southeast Tibet, the plateau mountain lake basin and valley middle danger zone of south Tibet, and the Plateau Mountain lake basin low danger zone of south Tibet. This paper takes the debris flow, collapse, landslide as the key points to analyze the distribution characteristics of geological hazards, and analyze the factors which influence the distribution of geological hazards, such as terrain landform, formation lithology, geologic structure pattern, precipitation, earthquake, human activity and so on. finally, as a conclusion., in whole Tibet, the geological hazards are more in southeast than in northwest, more in mountainous area which in the edge of plateau and river valley than in the interior of plateau and lake basin. And most hazards distribute in the regions where human activity is stronger than in other regions, for example towns or strips along the highway.

关键词： Tibet geological hazards distribution characteristics influencing factors

Spatial distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of germanium in soil of northern Dabie Mountains, China

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Journal of Groundwater Science and Engineering 2022年第4期10卷 381-392页

作者： Qiu-yao Dong Jiao Xiang Chao Song Pan Wang Hao-tian Wen Ming-jiang Yan Institute of Hydrogeological and Environmental Geology Chinese Academy of GeosciencesShijiazhuang 050061China Key laboratory of Quaternary Chronology and Hydro-Environmental Evolution China Geological SurveyZhengding 050083HebeiChina 107 Geological Team Chongqing Bureau of Geology and Minerals ExplorationChongqing 401120China School of Earth Science and Resources China University of GeosciencesBeijing 100083China

With the increasing application of germanium(Ge)elements in modern industry,military and medical health industries,especially with the growing demand for Ge-rich agricultural products,the study of Ge-rich soil has become particularly important,but the enrichment pattern and control factors of Ge-rich soil are still not well understood due to the high dispersion and high migration of Ge-rich *** this paper,495 surface soil(0-20 cm)and 149 deep soil(150-200 cm)samples were collected from the northern foothills of Dabie Mountain using a double-layer grid layout,and the spatial distribution and enrichment characteristics of Ge were studied by high-resolution method,and the controlling factors affecting the distribution of Ge-rich soil was analyzed by geo-statistics and spatial *** results show an average Ge content of 1.34 mg/kg for the surface and 1.36 mg/kg for the deep *** the assessment grade classification of surface and deep soil for Ge,the abundant and sub-abundant grades account for 37.97%and 31.70%,respectively,covering 752 km2 and 634 *** Ge-rich regions are distributed in concentrated strips in the north-central part of the studied region,and there is no clear pattern in the spatial distribution of deep *** the areas under study,such as Fenlukou,Dingji,and Jiangjiadian,the surface soil is very rich in Ge and has a high enrichment factor,which is valuable for agricultural *** surface soils,river deposits and shallow metamorphic rock parent materials have the highest content of Ge,while in deep soils,the highest content has been found in the parent material of moderately acidic *** surface and deep soils have the highest Ge content in purple paddy soils and plain *** source of Ge in the soils of the study area is most influenced by the lithology of the soil-forming parent material,while the distribution of Ge in the surface soils is jointly influenced by pH,SiO_(2),TFe_(2)O_(3),and Al_(2)O_(3) in the ***

关键词： Germanium Soil Enrichment feature distribution characteristics Influencing factors

distribution characteristics and Shielding Effects of Ion Clouds

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Meteorological and Environmental Research 2023年第2期14卷 42-44,49页

作者： Hui YANG Zhongqiu SHI Renhong GUO Yixian QIU Qiaobin WEI Yu HUANG Guangzhou Meteorological Bureau Guangzhou 510530China Guangdong Yuedian Zhuhai Offshore Wind Power Co. Ltd.Zhuhai 519040China Guangdong Yuedian Yangjiang Offshore Wind Power Co. Ltd.Yangjiang 510630China Guangdong Foshan Shunde Lunjiao Jindun Lightning Protection Technology Development Co. Ltd.Foshan 528308China

The latest research shows that the ions generated by the corona discharge of lightning rod have dual functions of attracting and shielding lightning discharge. After the lightning rod is installed at a certain height on the ground,the lightning rod tip reaches the corona threshold to ionize the surrounding air and generate positive and negative ions under the action of the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader. Constrained by Coulomb’s Law,its positive ions( opposite charges attract each other) form an upward leader( streamer),which moves towards the end of the lightning downward leader and is connected to the downward leader,establishing a discharge channel to attract lightning to the needle tip and discharge the current to the ground,and playing a role in attracting lightning. Its negative ions are repelled by the electric field at the end of the lightning downward leader( repelled by isotropic charges) and influenced by the wind,and diffuse in the downwind area to form an ion cloud,inhibiting the growth of corona at the tip of ground objects,and playing a role in shielding lightning. In this paper,Franklin’s understanding of the role of lightning rod and Yang Shaojie’s new definition of the working principle of lightning rod are briefly introduced. The formation mechanism,distribution characteristics,shielding effect,and impact on lightning strike point distribution of ion clouds are analyzed. Additionally,the important role of shielding effects of ion clouds in regional lightning protection is introduced,which provides a theoretical basis for the correct understanding and use of lightning rod.

关键词： Lightning rod Ion clouds distribution characteristics Regional lightning protection Theoretical basis

distribution characteristics of Cobalt-rich Ferromanganese Crust Resources on Submarine Seamounts in the Western Pacific

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2008年第4期82卷 796-803页

作者： ZHANG Fuyuan ZHANG Weiyan ZHU Kechao GAO Shuitu ZHANG Haisheng ZHANG Xiaoyu ZHU Benduo Key Laboratory of Submarine Geosciences State Oceanic Administration Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Ministry of Land and Resources Guangzhou 510760 China Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310012 China

Based on the survey data of five submarine seamount provinces （chains） in the Western Pacific, the distribution characteristics of cobalt-rich ferromanganese crust resources have been researched in this paper by using the relative reference data and applying the theories of hotspot and seafloor spreading. The main research results obtained are as follows： The Co-rich crust thickness in the study area is gradually increasing from east to west and from south to north having a negative correlation （r = -0.59） with longitude and a positive correlation （r = 0.48） with latitude. The crust thickness varying along longitude and latitude is influenced by the hotspot and seafloor spreading. The oceanic crusts and seamounts in the northwest part of the study area are older, and the crust resources are superior to those in the southeast part. In the depth of 〈1500 m, 1500-2000 m, 2000-2500 m in the study area, the cobalt crust thickness is respectively 5.45 cm, 4.34 cm and 3.55 cm, and in the depth of 2500-3000 m and 3000-3500 m, it drops respectively to 2.84 cm and 3.37 cm. The Co-rich crust resources are mainly concentrated in the seamount summit margins and the upper flanks in the depth of 〈2500 m. There is a strong negative correlation （r = -0.67） between the cobalt crust abundance and the slope of the seamount, 75 kg/m^2 and 50 kg/mz at the slopes of 0°-20° and 20°-34° respectively. Cobalt crusts are mainly distributed in the parts whose slopes are less than 20°. It is consistent with the fractal result that the slope threshold of cobalt crust distribution is 19°, and slopes over 20° are not conducive to the crust growth. The cobalt crusts of high grade are mainly enriched in the region within 150°E-140°W and 30°S-30°N in the Pacific, where there are about 587 seamounts at the depth of 3500- 6000 m and over 30 Ma of the oceanic crusts. The perspective area rich in cobalt crust resources is about 41×104 km^2 and the resource quantity is approximately 27 billion tons.

关键词： Western Pacific seamounts Co-rich crusts resources distribution characteristics

distribution characteristics of zooplankton in the south part of Taiwan Strait in summer

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2000年第1期19卷 127-135页

作者： Zhu Changshou Huang Jiaqi Lin Junzhou Du Qinghong Chen Xu Li Shaojing (1. Fujian Institute of Oceanology, Xiamen 361012, China 2. Department of Oceanography, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China) Fujian Institute of Oceanology Xiamen 361012 China Department of Oceanography Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China

Based on the samples collected mesoplankton net from the south part Of Taiwan Strait (22. 25 --24. 65N, 117. 50 -- 120. 00E) in August 1997, 292 species of zooplankton and 11 groups of meroplankton were identified. In the survey waters, Copepoda was dominant in either species or individual numbers. The diversity (H' ) was 5. 11 and the ratio of diversity to evenness (J ) was 7. 10, showing that the diversity of zooplankton was exceedingly high in the survey waters. Three zooplankton communities were clearly divided by systematical cluster analysis, indicating that the biotopes of these zooplankton communities may serve as the evidence for the basic status of distribution of water masses during the investigation.

关键词： Zooplankton species diversity distribution characteristics Taiwan Strait