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Automatic Identification for Laparoscopic Surgical Procedure for Ligation and Online distinction of Abnormal Manipulation for Thread Knotting

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2015年第12期6卷 887-898页

作者： Chiharu Ishii Takanori Sato Kaito Murano Hideki Kawamura Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Hosei Universitty Tokyo Japan Nihon Kohden Corporation Tokyo Japan Gastroenterological Surgery Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University Sapporo Japan

Laparoscopic surgery is a difficult surgical procedure compared with laparotomy. In particular, considerable skills and care are required for thread knotting in laparoscopic surgery. In this paper, a method for automatic identification of a laparoscopic surgical procedure for ligation and online distinction of an abnormality, defined as any unusual manipulation, in the identified surgical procedure is proposed. Ligation is divided into several individual surgical procedures, and on the basis of the threshold criteria, each surgical procedure is identified. Next, the identified surgical procedure, thread knotting, is classified as either normal or abnormal using a self-organizing map. Finally, to reduce surgical error, an abnormality warning system which warns detection of an unusual manipulation in the surgical procedure to the operator is constructed.

关键词： Automatic Identification of Surgical Procedure distinction of Abnormal Manipulation in Surgical Procedure Abnormality Warning System Surface Electromyogram (SEMG) Self-Organizing Map (SOM)

On The distinction between Semantics and Pragmatics

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海外英语 2010年第8X期 280-282页

作者：袁玲玲上海市委党校上海200233

The close relationship between semantics and pragmatics has made it difficult to set a clear boundary between *** of the relationship can date back to Morris, whose semiotic trichotomy was taken up by Carnap. Leech, L... 详细信息

关键词： semantics pragmatics distinction

Nationalism,Egalitarianism and Global Justice

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2019年第2期12卷 263-273页

作者： Su Gu Fudan Institute for Advanced Study in Social Sciences Fudan UniversityRoom 2807Bast Main BuildingGuanghua TowerNo.220Handan RoadYangpu DistrictShanghai 200433China

Global distributive justice requires that universal standards and values be recognized and|respected to avoid moral *** in domestic context demands equal treatment of all persons,whereas in global context,egalitarianism means equal treatment of all nations or *** appeal quite often neglects universal values and standards in dealing with global *** Rawls rejected global egalitarianism in his late works,the main idea developed by his A Theory of Justice is still important for global *** reason why just arrangements should benefit the least advantaged domestically is parallel to that why they should benefit the poorest nations in global *** of opportunities in global context means that equal respect and treatment of all people,and nationality and religious beliefs should not obstruct anyone from getting a job or *** of the moral arguments for benefiting the least advantaged is luck egalitarianism,and the luck/choice distinction is used for explaining personal responsibility in social and economic *** is bad when one person is worse off than another through no fault or choice of her *** it is unjust when someone does better than others only because of her social class or family *** social institutions that discriminate against persons based on arbitrary traits like nationality,gender,origin of country or region,religious beliefs,etc.,are a bad example of unjust ***’difference principle does not make a distinction between two reasons that cause ***,the requirement to benefit the least advantaged should embody the luck/choice distinction;people should be responsible for the cost of their choice and not for their natural *** principle may be extended to global *** those who live in poverty because of their lack of natural resources and gifts,compensation should be made to let them lead a decent life,and to those who vo

关键词： distributive justice Egalitarianism Nationalism Luck egalitarianism Luck/choice distinction

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趣味区隔功能的流变

社会学 2017年第11期 72-78页

作者：郭星华韩可一

社会学视野中的审美趣味被看成一种群体集合特征和阶层界限的标识，但大众文化的盛行，趣味表现的趋同趋势在模糊着这种界限。可以从实物、时间和权力三个指标来考察趣味与阶层之间的关系，它们构成趣味差异的表征机制，发挥着从区分到... 详细信息

社会学视野中的审美趣味被看成一种群体集合特征和阶层界限的标识，但大众文化的盛行，趣味表现的趋同趋势在模糊着这种界限。可以从实物、时间和权力三个指标来考察趣味与阶层之间的关系，它们构成趣味差异的表征机制，发挥着从区分到区隔的功能。现代社会的多种因素妨碍了这一机制，表现为三个指标呈现出一种无序和紊乱的状态。其中社会流动对权力指标的瓦解，使得趣味在文化结构中有了一种越界与整合的表现，区隔的功能发生了流变。

关键词：趣味区隔功能社会流动 taste distinction function social mobility

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足球与宗教的审美思辨

Whose Dignity?How to Enjoy?——An Interpretation of a Concept Based on the Context of Ancient Roma

体育 1997年第6期 12-15页

作者：张德胜王玉珍

体育与宗教的姻亲关系由来已久，像深受世人喜爱的篮球与排球运动都是美国基督教青年会的发明创造。而足球是体育的最高代表，在体育大家庭中具有不可动摇的权威性。如果我们能弄清足球与宗教的关系，将有助于我们今后更加深刻地理解体... 详细信息

体育与宗教的姻亲关系由来已久，像深受世人喜爱的篮球与排球运动都是美国基督教青年会的发明创造。而足球是体育的最高代表，在体育大家庭中具有不可动摇的权威性。如果我们能弄清足球与宗教的关系，将有助于我们今后更加深刻地理解体育与宗教的深层关系，进而理解人类的追求和信仰。1 足球与宗教的相似结构不少西方人把足球与宗教等同起来，认为足球实际上就是一种新宗教，因为在足球运动中体验最高权力的可能和在传统宗教中体验上帝的可能，二者有着惊人的相似。虽然并不是每个运动员或观众都能体验到这种最高权力，如同在传统宗教中并非人人都能感受到上帝或其它至高无上的象征一样，但足球中的高峰体验和宗教中的神秘体验一样，令人又惊又喜，而且这种体验能改变人的生活，使人在瞬间达到一种神交彻悟的境地，从而引导人们更清楚地认识到自己同周围的一切紧密联系。美国宗教学教授查尔斯·普莱比施先生就认为，现代足球与宗教之间没有区别，具有一种共同结构。他列举了足球与宗教的所有共同点后，得出结论：“如果足球能给它的拥护者们带来一种至高无上的体验，如果这种体验是通过一系列公开的和私下的仪式所表现，而这些仪式需要有一种象征性的语言和崇拜者们认为神圣的空间，那么把体育本身称为宗教既合适又必要，同时也有理由认为足球是最新的、发展最快的宗教，远远甩开了在它身后的任何东西。”在比较足球与宗教的关系时，大多数学者并不同意“足球即宗教”的偏激观点，而认为足球仅仅是类似于宗教的东西，一种“自然的”宗教或“民间的”宗教，或是宗教的“实用等价物”，因为足球与宗教在结构上存在着一些相似的交叉关系。第一，两者都有严密而完备的组织形式。宗教组织等级森严自不必说，而足球的组织机构则是一种世俗的、半宗教性的组织结构，从国际足联到大洲足联，再到国家足协，再到俱乐部，每一级组织对下一级组织有绝对的权威，而下一级机构对其上级必须绝对服从。国际足联的地位相当于基督教的罗马教廷，国际足联主席阿维兰热与罗马教皇保罗二世无异。第二，两者都有一定数量的终身管理人员。足球系统从宏观到微观，各个层次的管理人员分工协作、各司其职。国际足联和各大洲足联，常设职位有主席、副主席、秘书长以及执委，各俱乐部有主席、副主席、秘书长、领队、教练员、营养师及队医等。宗教系统则有教皇、红衣主教、主教、神父或牧师以及传教士等。神职人员终身以“吃”上帝为荣，而足球管理者则以“吃”球为业。

关键词：足球宗教联系区别 soccer religion relation distinction

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The Journal of Human Rights 2022年第2期21卷 294-306页

作者：冯飞张凤阳 PAN Yingzhao School of Government Nanjing University 不详

Dignity and Human Rights are recognized as two principles that coordinate with each ***,it is an invention of modern people to set dignity as the basis of human rights from a genealogical point of *** the classical context,dignity was represented as a political value,honoring excellence in public *** a reward and return for political services,dignity holders were entitled to be recognized by the state and treated with appropriate courtesy and *** are two ways to get dignity,"bestowed in advance"and"awarded afterwards."The former was bestowed by a noble bloodline,while the latter was a reward for eminent military achievements or outstanding performance in normal state *** any case,dignity is defined in a differential *** is quite different from the value of Equality for All in dignity,which is emphasized in modern *** ancient Rome,as a tribute to moral excellence,dignity also required the taming and control ofphysical desire,so the value of dignity did not honor the natural rights of each human being,but rather the high rank and strong obligation of the excellent.

关键词： dignity human rights rank distinction obligation

The influence of Chinese and western face differences on cross-cultural communication

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校园英语 2017年第36期 176-177页

作者：张珊平顶山工业职业技术学院

At present, due to the rapid development of high technology, the global communication is becoming more and more frequent. It is meaningful of the success of cross-cultural communication to know the difference between ... 详细信息

关键词： Face Cross-culture Communication distinction

Data Discrimination in Fault-Prone Sensor Networks

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Wireless Sensor Network 2010年第4期2卷 285-292页

作者： Xiaoning Cui Qing Li Baohua Zhao 不详

While sensor networks have been used in various applications because of the automatic sensing capability and ad-hoc organization of sensor nodes, the fault-prone characteristic of sensor networks has challenged the event detection and the anomaly detection which, to some extent, have neglected the importance of discriminating events and errors. Considering data uncertainty, in this article, we present the problem of data discrimination in fault-prone sensor networks, analyze the similarities and the differences between events and errors, and design a multi-level systematic discrimination framework. In each step, the framework filters erroneous data from the raw data and marks potential event samples for the next-step processing. The raw data set D is finally partitioned into three subsets, Devent, Derror and Dordinary. Both the scenario-based simulations and the experiments on real-sensed data are carried out. The statistical results of various discrimination metrics demonstrate high distinction ratio as well as the robustness in different cases of the network.

关键词： Data Discrimination Fault-Prone Sensor Network Event Error distinction Ratio

On the subjective explanation and objective reappearance of Art

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