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Mechanisms and solubility equations of gas dissolving in water

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Science China Chemistry 1996年第5期39卷 500-508页

作者：付晓泰王振平卢双舫 Department of Exploration Daqing Petroleum Institute Anda 151400 China

The two mechanisms of gas dissolving in water, interstice filling and aquation, are proposed. General equations of gas solubility have been deduced from the mechanisms and experimental observations. Dependence of Henry’s coefficient on temperature, pressure, aquation equilibrium constant and gas molecular wlume is discussed. The theoretical equations were verified by experimental data, which shows that the theoretical results of the solubility of methane are in good agreement with the experimental data in the range of 20 -160℃ and under a pressure of less than 60 MPa.

关键词： gas methane dissolving mechanism equation of solubility.

Quantitative Research on dissolving of Nb in High Nb Microalloyed Steels during Reheating

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research International 2014年第6期21卷 596-599页

作者： Ya-bin CAO Fu-ren XIAO Gui-ying QIAO Bo LIAO School of Materials Science and Engineering Shijiazhuang Tiedao University Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology College of Materials Science and EngineeringYanshan University School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering Yanshan University

The accurate prediction of soluble Nb content during reheating is helpful for the design of chemical compo sition and reheating parameters for Nb-containing steels. The dissolution behavior of Nb in high Nb mieroailoyed steels was investigated. The results show that Nh does not entirely dissolve for high Nb microalloyed steels containing Ti after holding at 1 300 ℃ for 3 h. The soluble Nb content increases with the decrease of C content and/or the increase of Nb content in steels. Moreover, an expression has been established to describe the amount evolution of soluble Nb in high Nb microalloyed steels during reheating and the validity of this expression has also been verified by experiment.

关键词： quantitative research high Nb microalloyed steel dissolving soluble Nb modeling

Formulation, optimization & evaluation of mouth dissolving film of nifedipine by using design of experiment

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Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2016年第1期11卷 74-76页

作者： Anil M. Pethe Riddhi B. Desai Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management SVKM’S NMIMS University

The oral mucosa is vascularized,drugs can be absorbed directly and can enter the systemic circulation without firstpass metabolism[1].This advantage can be used in preparing products with increased oral bioavailability of molecules that undergo first pass *** oral mucosa is an attractive site for drug delivery[2,3].The objective of this research work is to formulate mouth dissolving film of nifedipine for enhanced *** is used to treat hypertension and angina pectoris.

关键词： Nifedipine Mouth dissolving films DOE

The Phenomenon of Proton dissolving in Vacuum and of Proton Condensation from Vacuum. Two Forms of Protons, Structure of Nuclei, Electrons and Atoms

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Journal of Modern Physics 2010年第3期1卷 175-184页

作者： Kristina Zubow Anatolij Zubow Viktor A. Zubow 不详

It was investigated how react molecular clusters in water, starch, bio-matrices, polymers and in quartz on gravitation radiation from planets. Gravitation radiation (GR) was found to influence the proton jumping in hydrogen bonds that stabilize the cluster structure. There was given a method calculating parameters of GR as well as a mechanism of its resonance interaction with weak GR from molecular matter (WGR). WGR has been defined as the result of proton dissolving in vacuum connected with its simultaneous condensation in the nearest free space. Both dissolving and condensation proceed with super light velocity. The gravitation wave length has been determined experimentally and it depends on the planet masses (between Earth and Sun λ ≥ 62 km, between Earth and Milky Way center λ ≥ 330 km). GR has been characterized with super light velocity. After analyzing the Sun influence on water two forms of protons were found: in a condensed and dissolved state. A new model for the atomic nucleus has been suggested according to which the protons in the nucleus oscillate between condensed and dissolved state, where in the case of isotopes this state is partially destroyed. The models for H2 and Be shall be given. Electron orbitals in atoms and molecules were found to be caused by a stationary front of shock waves from condensing protons.

关键词： Gravitation Waves Proton dissolving Vacuum Planets Electron Form of Matter

Usefulness of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) Loaded dissolving Microneedles for Local Therapy of Skin Wounds

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2013年第3期4卷 256-264页

作者： Kanji Takada Yukako Ito Kengo Matsumoto Yuka Sato Maimi Nishio Yurie Tadano Yuri Kamei Yutaro Takemura Nana Inoue Yoshiki Akasaka Ichiro Ono BioSerenTach Inc. Shimogyo- Ku Kyoto Japan Department of Dermatology Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Chuo- Ku Sapporo Japan. Department of Pharmacokinetics Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Yamashina-Ku Kyoto Japan Department of Pharmacokinetics Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Yamashina-Ku Kyoto Japan Devision of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases Advanced Medical Research Center Toho University Graduate School of Medicine Ota-Ku Tokyo Japan

Purpose: The usefulness of dissolving microneedles (DMs) for local skin therapy by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was studied in rats. Methods: We prepared four kinds of bFGF-loaded DMs, approximately 500 μm length and 300 μm diameter at the bottom. Long-term stability and dissolution studies were performed by HPLC method. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacological evaluations were performed after administration of bFGF loaded DMs to rats. Results: The bFGF contents were 2.15 ± 0.07, 1.07 ± 0.04, 0.56 ± 0.07 and 0.12 ± 0.03 μg. The 100.2 ± 3.4%, 100.2 ± 3.3%, 99.3 ± 1.4% and 100.4 ± 3.0% of bFGF were recovered after 1, 3 and 6 months and 1 year incubation at 40°C. The bFGF was released from DMs within 5 min. In a pharmacokinetic study using 2.0 and 1.0 μg bFGF-loaded DMs, no systemic exposure of bFGF was detected. The initial bFGF concentrations in the rat skin tissue after administration of bFGF-loaded DMs to the hair-removed rat abdominal skin were 510.2 ± 20.1 ng/g wet weight for 2 μg bFGF DMs and 264.2 ± 56.5 ng/g wet weight for 1 μg DMs, declining slowly thereafter to 226.3 ± 33.5 and 105.1 ± 27.4 ng/g wet weight at 6 hr after administration. Good dose-dependency was observed. Pharmacological evaluation of bFGF-loaded DMs of 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, and 0.1 μg, in the wound healing rat model, all used DMs, but 0.1 μg DMs, showed good healing effects. Considered collectively, these results suggest the usefulness of bFGF-loaded DMs for local therapy of skin wound disease.

关键词： Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) dissolving Microneedles (DMs) Transdermal Delivery Wound Healing Rats

Two-and Three-Layered dissolving Microneedles for Transcutaneous Delivery of Model Vaccine Antigen in Rats

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Journal of Biomaterials and Nanobiotechnology 2012年第3期3卷 325-334页

作者： Asuka Ikejiri Yukako Ito Seishiro Naito Kanji Takada Department of Pharmacokinetics Kyoto Pharmaceutical University Kyoto Japan Department of Safety Research on Blood and Biological Products National Institute of Infectious Diseases Tokyo Japan.

Purpose: Comparison of transcutaneous immunization of ovalbumin (OA) between two-and three-layered dissolving microneedles (MN) in rats. Methods: We prepared 500 μm long two-layered and three-layered dissolving microneedle (2-MN and 3-MN, respectively) arrays from chondroitin sulfate as the base, and OA as the model antigen. The 2-MN containing OA at the acral portion and 3-MN with OA at the second portion were administered to rat skin transcutaneously. As a positive control, OA solution was injected subcutaneously (sc). The OA delivery and diffusion in the rat skin were studied using confocal microscopy with fluorescein-conjugated OA (FL-OA). Results: The formulated positions of OA were 0-155 ± 5 μm for 2-MN and 175 ± 4 – 225 ± 5 μm for 3-MN. The administered doses of OA were 2.2 ± 0.1 μg, 12.0 ± 0.2 μg and 22.0 ± 0.2 μg for 2-MN, 1.8 ± 0.2 μg, 12.6 ± 0.7 μg, and 20.4 ± 0.3 μg for 3-MN, 10 μg, 100 μg and 1000 μg for sc injection. At 4 weeks after the first administration, 3-MN showed about 2.5-7.0 fold and 5.4 fold higher total Ig (G + A + M) antibody than 2-MN and sc injection of the OA solution. Conclusions: The 3-MN, which delivered OA to the epidermis, is a useful drug delivery system for transcutaneous antigen delivery.

关键词： dissolving Microneedles (Mns) Two-Layered Mns Three-Layered Mns Transcutaneous Vaccine Ovalbumin Fl-Ovalbumin (Fl-Oa)

A facile ionic liquid approach to prepare cellulose fiber with good mechanical properties directly from corn stalks

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Green Energy & Environment 2020年第2期5卷 223-231页

作者： Jiming Yang Xingmei Lu Yanqiang Zhang Junli Xu Yongqing Yang Qing Zhou Beijing Key Laboratory of Ionic Liquids Clean Process CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and EngineeringState Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex SystemsInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China School of Chemical Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China

It is very difficult to directly spin the lignocellulose without *** liquids(ILs)are promising solvent to dissolve lignocellulose to prepare cellulose ***,the degree of cellulose polymerization(DP)is reduced when lignocellulose is dissolved in ILs,and the lignin removal rate is *** elongation at break and tensile strength of the fibers obtained by spinning the lignocellulose dissolved in ILs are *** this paper,preparing cellulose fiber directly from lignocellulose based on dissolving corn stalk via[C4mim]Cl-L-arginine binary system is *** shows that the removal rate of lignin can reach 92.35%and the purity of cellulose can reach 85.32%after corn stalk was dissolved at 150℃C for 11.5 h when the mass fraction of arginine is 2.5%.The elongation at break of fiber reached 10.12%and the tensile strength reached 420 *** is mainly due to the fact that L-arginine not only inhibits the degradation of cellulose but also promotes the *** any pulping or pretreatment,preparing cellulose fibers via direct dissolution and extrusion may provide a simple and effective way to prepare many novel cellulose materials.

关键词： Cellulose fibers Ionic liquids Corn stalks dissolving Directly spinning

Structures and Properties of Hygroscopic Thermal Fiber—EKS

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Journal of Donghua University(English Edition) 2013年第5期30卷 439-443页

作者：程凤高晶王璐王晓丽韩唯懿孙立军姚玉华 Engineering Research Center of Technical Textile Ministry of EducationCollege of TextilesDonghua University Key Laboratory of Textile Science and Technology Ministry of EducationDonghua University College of Textiles Donghua University

EKS fiber,as a new type of hygroscopic thermal fiber,whose properties meet the requirement of warm clothing with environmental,healthy,and fashionable traits,attains more and more attention. The chemical composition and morphological structure of EKS fiber were confirmed by infrared spectrum,pyrolysis gas chromatography-mass spectrometry( Py-GC-MS),and microscope respectively. In addition, burning performance,dissolving property,and tensile properties were tested *** fills in the gaps in characterization of EKS structure and properties.

关键词： EKS fiber chemical structure morphological structure burning performance dissolving property tensile properties

Bamboo Fibers Elaborating Cellulose Hydrogel Films for Medical Applications

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2013年第7期1卷 7-12页

作者： Karla Lizette Tovar-Carrillo Motohiro Tagaya Takaomi Kobayashi Department of Materials Science and Technology Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan Department of Materials Science and Technology Nagaoka University of Technology Nagaoka Japan Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas Universidad Autónoma de Cd. Juarez Juarez Mexico

Bamboo fibers were used as source to prepare cellulose hydrogel films for cell cultivation scaffold. The preparation of cellulose solutions was carried out by three different dissolving methods with NaOH-based and NaOH/urea aqueous solutions and DMAc/LiCl solution. Several hydrogel films were elaborated and their properties were compared to evaluate the effect of the dissolving method. It was found that tensile strength of the resultant hydrogel films increased from 21 to 66 N/mm2 when DMAc/LiCl was used instead of the NaOH/urea solution. The same tendency was observed in the obtained elongation values. Moreover, a remarkable difference in fibroblast cell cultivation was observed in higher cell density, when DMAc/LiCl method was used. The obtained results with DMAc/LiCl also were seen to be higher than the results for PS dish used as control. However, low cytocompatibility was observed when NaOH and NaOH/urea methods were used. The obtained results showed that hydrogel films elaborated with cellulose solution prepared with DMAc/LiCl method exhibited good cytocompatibility for the cell cultivation scaffold.

关键词： dissolving Method Bamboo Fibers Hydrogel Cytotoxicity