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disproportionation of ethylbenzene in the presence of C_8 aromatics

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Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry 2009年第3期18卷 369-374页

作者： N.Sharnappa S.Pai V.V.Bokade Catalysis Division National Chemical Laboratory

The selective synthesis of p-diethylbenzene （p-DEB） by disproportionation of ethylbenzene （EB） in the presence of aromatics like m- and p- xylene isomers has been studied over a pore size regulated HZSM-5 catalyst. The industrial feed having different compositions of ethylbenzene and xylene isomers was used for the experimentation. Hence, they were expected to hinder the movement of reactant molecules both on the external surface and within the zeolite channels. It was observed that irrespective of the different feed compositions the concentration of the xylene isomers was intact in the product. There is no other byproducts formation like para-ethylmethyl benzene. The effects of varying the concentration of aromatic compounds in the feed on ethylbenzene conversion and product distribution over the parent and modified H-ZSM-5 catalyst have been discussed. Ethylbenzene disproportionation reaction follows the pseudo first order reaction with an activation energy of 8.6 kcal/mol.

关键词： ethylbenzene xylene isomers catalyst disproportionation diethylbenzene

In-situ synthesis of nanocrystalline TiC powders, nanorods, and nanosheets in molten salt by disproportionation reaction of Ti(Ⅱ) species

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2020年第2期37卷 173-180页

作者： Lingxu Yang Ying Wang Ruijia Liu Huijun Liu Xue Zhang Chaoliu Zeng Chao Fu Laboratory for Corrosion and Protection Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan523808China

A high-efficiency method is developed to in-situ synthesize nanocrystalline TiC powders,nanorods,and nanosheets by using equimolar ratio of Ti powder and acetylene black,multiwalled carbon nanotubes(MWCNTs),and graphene,respectively,as precursor in eutectic Na Cl-KCl molten salt at 800–900℃for 2–3 *** temperature and longer duration are more beneficial for TiC *** addition,mechanism of TiC formation was investigated by linear scan *** indicate that nanocrystalline TiC is in-situ synthesized by reaction between Ti atoms,which come from disproportionation reaction of Ti(Ⅱ)species in the molten salt,and C atoms on the surface of carbon sources.

关键词： Titanium carbide Nanocrystalline Nanorod Nanosheet disproportionation Molten salt

disproportionation Reactions of HIO and NaIO in Static and Dynamic Systems

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2014年第15期5卷 1046-1056页

作者： Marcin Toporek Anna Maria Michalowska-Kaczmarczyk Tadeusz Michalowski Faculty of Engineering and Chemical Technology Technical University of CracowCracowPoland Department of Oncology The University Hospital in CracowCracowPoland

The paper refers to disproportionation of HIO and NaIO in aqueous media, in static and dynamic systems. The results of calculations, realized according to GATES/GEB principles, with use of an iterative computer program, are presented graphically. An example of the computer program with all physicochemical knowledge involved in the related algorithm is attached herewith.

关键词： disproportionation Generalized Approach to Electrolytic Systems Generalized Electron Balance HIO NaIO

Mechanism of dichloromethane disproportionation over mesoporous TiO2 under low temperature

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2019年第2期13卷 73-84页

作者： Yuzhou Deng Shengpan Peng Haidi Liu Shuangde Li Yunfa Chen State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Mesoporous TiO2 was synthesized via nonhydrolytic template-mediated sol-gel *** degradation performance upon dichloromethane over as-prepared mesoporous TiO2,pure anatase and rutile were investigated *** took place over as-made mesoporous TiO2 and pure anatase under the presence of *** mechanism of disproportionation was studied by in situ *** interaction between chloromethoxy species and bridge coordinated methylenes was the key step of *** species and methoxy groups would be formed and further turned into carbon monoxide and methyl ***(001)played an important role for disproportionation in that water could be dissociated into surface hydroxyl groups on such *** a result,the consumed hydroxyl groups would be *** addition,there was another competitive oxidation route governed by free hydroxyl *** this route,chloromethoxy groups would be oxidized into formate species by hydroxyl radicals transfering from the surface of *** latter route would be more favorable at higher temperature.

关键词： Dichloromethane disproportionation Mechanism Anatase(001) Water dissociation

Ionic liquids-SBA-15 hybrid catalysts for highly efficient and solvent-free synthesis of diphenyl carbonate

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第1期8卷 183-193页

作者： Songlin Wang Qiying Zhang Chengxing Cui Hongying Niu Cailing Wu Jianji Wang Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and ReactionsMinistry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHenan Normal UniversityXinxiang453007China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and TechnologyXinxiang453003China

Diphenyl carbonate(DPC)is one of the versatile carbonates,and is often used for the production of *** recent years,the catalytic synthesis of DPC has become an important topic but the development of a highly active metal-free catalyst is a great ***,a series of ionic liquids-SBA-15 hybrid catalysts with different functional groups have been developed for the synthesis of DPC under solventfree condition,which are effective and clean instead of the metal-containing *** is found that in the presence of[SBA-15-IL-OH]Br catalyst,methyl phenyl carbonate(MPC)conversion of 80.5%along with 99.6%DPC selectivity is achieved,the TOF value is thrice higher than the best value reported by using transition metal-based ***,the catalyst displays remarkable stability and *** work provides a new idea to design and prepare eco-friendly catalysts in a broad range of applications for the green synthesis of carbonates.

关键词： Diphenyl carbonate Ionic liquid Mesoporous silica disproportionation Catalytic synthesis

Silylamido supported dinitrogen heterobimetallic complexes: syntheses and their catalytic ability

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National Science Review 2021年第12期8卷 29-36页

作者： Dan-dan Zhai Si-jun Xie Yi Xia Hua-yi Fang Zhang-jie Shi Department of Chemistry Fudan University State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry Shanghai Institute of Organic ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences

Molybdenum dinitrogen complexes supported by monodentate arylsilylamido ligand,[Ar(MeSi)N]MoNMg(THF)[N(SiMe)Ar](5) and [Ar(MeSi)N]MoNSiMe(6)(Ar=3,5-MeCH) were synthesized and structurally characterized,and proved to be effective catalysts for the disproportionation of cyclohexadienes and isomerization of terminal ***~1 H NMR spectrum suggested that the bridging nitrogen ligand remains intact during the catalytic reaction,indicating possible catalytic ability of the Mo-N=N motif.

关键词： dinitrogen fixation dinitrogen-metal complex catalytic ability disproportionation isomerization

Simultaneous formation of sorbitol and gluconic acid from cellobiose using carbon-supported ruthenium catalysts

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2013年第2期22卷 290-295页

作者： Tasuku Komanoya Hirokazu Kobayashi Kenji Hara Wang-Jae Chun Atsushi Fukuoka Catalysis Research Center Hokkaido University Kita 21 Nishi 10 Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 001-0021 Japan Division of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering Hokkaido University Kita 13 Nishi 8 Kita-ku Sapporo Hokkaido 060-8628 Japan Division of Arts and Sciences International Christian University 3-10-2 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo 181-8585 Japan

A carbon-supported Ru catalyst, Ru/BP2000, is able to simultaneously convert cellobiose into sorbitol and gluconic acid. This reaction occurs as the result of hydrolytic disproportionation in water at 393 K under an Ar atmosphere, without bases or sacrificial reagents. In-situ XANES measurements suggest that the active Ru species involved is composed of partially oxidized Ru metal.

关键词： cellobiose supported ruthenium catalyst hydrolysis disproportionation

The role of metal oxides on oxidant decay and disinfection byproduct formation in drinking waters: Relevance to distribution systems

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第12期33卷 140-149页

作者： Chao Liu Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Maintaining a residual disinfectant/oxidant(e.g., chlorine and chlorine dioxide), is a generally used strategy to control microbial contaminants and bacterial regrowth in distribution systems. Secondarily oxidant, such as hypobromous acid(HOBr), can be formed during chlorination of bromide-containing waters. The decay of oxidants and formation of disinfection byproducts(DBPs) due to the interaction between oxidants and selected metal oxides were studied. Selected metal oxides generally enhanced the decay of these halogencontaining oxidants via three pathways:(1) catalytic disproportionation to yield an oxidized form of halogen(i.e., halate) and reduced form(halide for chlorine and bromine or chlorite for chlorine dioxide),(2) oxygen formation, and(3) oxidation of a metal in a reduced form(e.g., cuprous oxide) to a higher oxidation state. Cupric oxide(Cu O) and nickel oxide(Ni O)showed significantly strong abilities for the first pathway, and oxygen formation was a side reaction. Cuprous oxide can react with oxidants via the third pathway, while goethite was not involved in these reactions. The ability of Cu O on catalytic disproportionation of HOBr remained stable up to four cycles. In chlorination process, bromate formation tends to be important(exceeding 10 μg/L) when initial bromide concentration is above 400 μg/L in the presence of dissolved organic matter. Increasing initial bromide concentrations increased the formation of DBPs and calculated cytotoxicity, and the maximum was observed at p H8.6 during chlorination process. Therefore, the possible disinfectant loss and DBP formation should be carefully considered in drinking water distribution systems.

关键词： Cupric oxide disproportionation Bromine Bromate Chlorine dioxide Chlorate

Synthesis, crystal structure, and catalytic properties of 2,2’-bipyridyl-dicyano-palladium(II)

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Open Journal of Inorganic Chemistry 2013年第4期3卷 71-75页

作者： Xiaoli Tang Longguan Zhu Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou China

In the solvothermal condition, a Pd(II) complex with a in situ synthesis ligand, [Pd(2,2’-bipy)2(CN)2] (1) was obtained and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, TG, and powder X-ray analysis. The single crystal X-ray analysis showed that the title complex is different from the reported 2,2’-bipyridyl-dicyanopalladium(II) (2) in crystal system and structural parameters. The catalytic investigation for the reactions of the disproportionation of hydrogen peroxide and oxidation of sulfide showed that the complex 1 is an active homogeneous catalyst in the presence of imidazole and 2-sulfobenzoic acid, respectively.

关键词： Synthesis Thioanisol Pd Complex Oxidation of Sulfide Hydrogen Peroxide disproportionation