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第二十三届全国心理学学术会议

作者： Zhaoxian Li Meng Zhang Department of Psychology Xinxiang Medical University

disgust is a basic negative emotion that protects the organism from infection through disease-avoidant behavior, and it is an evolutionary psychological system. disgust sensitivity refers to the stable tendency of response to disgust stimuli. Whether individuals with high disgust sensitivity have a higher inhibition ability to reject external stimuli at the psychological level has not been elucidated. Here we used abstract external stimulus conflict to simulate the inhibition of a disgust stimulus in order to identify the differences in the ability of disgust-sensitive individuals to deal with external stimuli. The classic flanker paradigm was used in the present study to test the responses of subjects with different disgust sensitivities under a congruent condition(CR) and incongruent condition(IR) so as to obtain their ability to inhibit external stimuli. The results of behavioral tests showed that the reaction time of the subjects was correlated with the disgust score under the IR and CR. EEG results showed that P2 were significantly activated and negatively correlated with disgust sensitivity scores. According to the findings of this experiment, individuals with high disgust sensitivity have relatively higher ability to suppress external stimuli, which might be because these individuals have higher mental immunity than individuals with low disgust sensitivity.

关键词： disgust disgust sensitivity inhibit external stimuli

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Correlation of disgust and Contempt Expressions with Conjugal Dissatisfaction

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2018年第10期8卷 562-573页

作者： Rui Mateus Joaquim Tariane Franciele Bastos Pereira Laiza de Oliveira Vilela Tayná Maiara Pilla Rodrigues Angela Maria da Silva Muniz Brandino Sandro Caramaschi Faculty of Human Sciences Federal University of Grande Dourados-UFGD Dourados Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil Postgraduate Program in Developmental and Learning Psychology S&#227 o Paulo State University-UNESP/Bauru S&#227 o Paulo Brazil Faculdade Anhanguera Educacional de Bauru Bauru S&#227 o Paulo Brazil

Research has shown that dissatisfied couples in the relationship commonly exhibit facial expressions of contempt in interactions. At this point, based on the study of cognition and physiology, researchers were able to predict by longitudinal studies the probability of divorce in a marriage, with accuracy of up to 94%. Our objective was to investigate whether the occurrence of facial expressions of disgust and contempt in married women is associated with marital dissatisfaction. This is an experimental study that correlated, through filmed interviews, the frequency of facial expressions of disgust and disgust (Facial Action Coding System) to the Marital State’s Golombok Rust Inventory, in a sample composed of 20 women. Data analysis based on the Spearman Correlation Test showed a positive correlation between facial expressions of disgust and disdain and conjugal dissatisfaction (rs = 0.2198, p = 0.0280), corroborating the data in the literature.

关键词： Facial Expressions disgust Contempt Nonverbal Communication Marital Dissatisfaction

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Why do intuitions differ? Explaining how individual and scenario features influence disgust and moral judgements on GMOs

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Cultures of Science 2019年第4期2卷 293-309页

作者： Yusi Liu Fangfang Gao Yijia Zhu Zhejiang University

Moral psychology holds that negative judgements on genetically modified organisms(GMOs) are likely to be intuitive reactions driven by trait disgust without deliberation, which brings difficulty to genetic science communication. Based on two interrelated experiments examining the processes and conditions of individual and scenario features influencing disgust and moral judgement about GMOs, this study aims to identify the different routes through which disgust influences moral judgement about GMOs in the physical and social dimensions. We found that the process of elicited state disgust influencing moral judgement on GMOs is regulated by pathogen disgust sensitivity and moral disgust sensitivity. The difference in opposition to GMOs brought by preferences for precepts implied in moral theories is evidently subject to the joint effect of the disgust elicitation type and emotion reappraisal(ER). This study clarifies the relationship between disgust for GMOs and moral judgement. It also confirms the effectiveness of ER in promoting the transition of moral judgement on GMOs from intuitive reaction to deliberation, thus offering benefits for science communicators targeting audiences who differ in their preferences for precepts implied in moral theories and trait disgust.

关键词： Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) disgust moral judgement emotion reappraisal (ER) preferences for precepts implied in moral theories (PPIMT) science communication

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Cultured meat in western media: The disproportionate coverage of vegetarian reactions, demographic realities, and implications for cultured meat marketing

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2015年第2期14卷 264-272页

作者： Patrick D Hopkins Department of Philosophy Millsaps College Center for Bioethics University of Mississippi Medical CenterJackson MS 39210USA

This paper examines the media coverage of the 2013 London cultured meat tasting event, particularly in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Using major news outlets, prominent magazines covering food and science issues, and advocacy websites concerning meat consumption, the paper characterizes the overall emphases of the coverage, the tenor of the coverage, and compares the media portrayal of the important issues to the demographic and psychological realities of the actual consumer market into which cultured meat will compete. In particular, the paper argues that Western media gives a distorted picture of what obstacles are in the path of cultured meat acceptance, especially by overemphasizing and overrepresenting the importance of the reception of cultured meat among vegetarians. Promoters of cultured meat should recognize the skewed impression that this media coverage provides and pay attention to the demographic data that suggests strict vegetarians are a demographically negligible group. Resources for promoting cultured meat should focus on the empirical demographics of the consumer market and the empirical psychology of mainstream consumers.

关键词： cultured meat vegetarianism vegans Mark Post in vitro meat moral psychology consumer market disgust

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Psychic euosmia among obsessive-compulsive personality disorder patients:A case control study

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2021年第2期11卷 50-57页

作者： Annalisa Maraone Lorenzo Tarsitani Marianna Frascarelli Federica Petrini Valentina Roselli MassimilianoTinè Gabriele Cavaggioni Vlasios Brakoulias Massimo Biondi Massimo Pasquini Department of Human Neurosciences Sapienza UniversityRome 00185Italy Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health Umberto I PoliclinicRome 00185Italy School of Medicine Western Sydney University and Western Sydney Local Health DistrictBlacktown 2145SNWAustralia Department of Psychiatry Nepean HospitalSydney Medical SchoolThe University of SydneyPenrith 2751SNWAustralia

BACKGROUND Psychic euosmia(PE)has been described as a supposed psychological predisposition for which pleasant smells elicit an immediate sense of pleasure,order and calmness in obsessive-compulsive personality disorder(OCPD).In this study we tried to verify the interpretation that PE is the counterpart of disgust that has been associated to contamination and moral *** and morality are significantly associated in people with obsessive-compulsive personality *** expected that OCPD patients would experience higher levels of *** To investigate the PE frequency in OCPD patients and healthy controls(HC)and to evaluate the relationship between PE and *** A single-center,case-control study was conducted in an outpatient service for obsessive-compulsive and related *** sample consisted of 129 subjects:45 OCPD patients and 84 *** both groups we submitted the disgust Scale Revised(DS-R)and the self-report Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 Screening Personality Questionnaire to which we added an additional yes or no question to investigate the presence of *** order to verify differences between groups,t-test was employed for continuous variables and 2 test for categorical variable;odds ratio was employed to analyze group differences in the PE *** was explored with Pearson r *** No differences were observed between groups in gender composition or education.A slight significant difference was found in mean age(t=1.988;P=0.049).The present study revealed significantly higher proportions of PE among OCPD patients when compared to HC(OR:5.3,2.28-12.46).Patients with OCPD were more likely to report PE(n=36;80%)whereas a much lower proportion endorsed PE in the HC group(n=36;42.9%).Interestingly,no differences were observed between groups in mean score for the disgust *** was also no difference between the two groups in any of the disgust Scale Revised ***,no significant correla

关键词： Psychic euosmia Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder disgust Orderliness Olfactory Personality

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不道德传染的心理机制及其影响

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心理学 2019年第9期

作者：王悦龚园超李莹

不道德传染，是指道德违法者作为传染源将消极道德品质直接传递给传染对象，或先传递给道德中性物品，再由此物品传递给受传染对象，引起其情绪、认知、生理等方面变化的过程。本文主要讨论了不道德传染发生的心理机制——厌恶，围绕不... 详细信息

不道德传染，是指道德违法者作为传染源将消极道德品质直接传递给传染对象，或先传递给道德中性物品，再由此物品传递给受传染对象，引起其情绪、认知、生理等方面变化的过程。本文主要讨论了不道德传染发生的心理机制——厌恶，围绕不道德传染对道德心理领域(道德情绪以及道德认知过程)产生的影响进行梳理；进而将视角拓宽到非道德层面，如具身认知、组织管理以及人际互动，探究其对人类社会的广泛影响。最后，从不同文化视阈、不同个体差异、传染过程的动态神经机制及正向道德传染等方面为研究提供新的思路。

关键词：不道德传染厌恶道德心理学非道德视角 immoral contagion disgust moral psychology non-moral perspective

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