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Game Theory and the Evolution of Cooperation

Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2022年第2期10卷 379-399页

作者： Bo-Yu Zhang Shan Pei Laboratory of Mathematics and Complex Systems Ministry of EducationSchool of Mathematical SciencesBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China

Evolution is based on the competition between individuals and therefore rewards only selfish behavior.How cooperation or altruism behavior could prevail in social dilemma then becomes a problematic issue.Game theory offers a powerful mathematical approach for studying social behavior.It has been widely used to explain the evolution of cooperation.In this paper,we first introduce related static and dynamic game methods.Then we review two types of mechanisms that can promote cooperation in groups of genetically unrelated individuals,(i)direct reciprocity in repeated games,and(ii)incentive mechanisms such as reward and punishment.

关键词： Cooperation Game theory direct reciprocity Reward Punishment

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Zero-determinant Strategies for Three-player in Finitely Repeated Games

Zero-determinant Strategies for Three-player in Finitely Rep...

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第37届中国控制会议

作者： Jianzhang Chen Zhihai Rong College of Computer and Information Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University CompleX Lab Web Sciences CenterUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of China Big Data Research Center University of Electronic Science and Technology of China School of Computer Science and Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China

Zero-determinant strategies are a new class of probabilistic and conditional strategies, where a player can use a linear relationship between his own payoff and the opponents payoff to determine his opponents expected payoff or extort his opponents unilaterally. This paper will analysis a model of zero-determinant strategies for three players in the finitely repeated public goods game（with a discount factor δ satisfying 0 ＜ δ ＜ 1）. Via analyzing these strategies for three players in the game, including equalizer strategies, extortion strategies and generous strategies, it finds that a player also has an ability to pin the expected total payoff of all other players in a unilateral way as the two-player model by equalizer strategies and can set a ratio between his payoff and the total payoff of all other players by the extortion strategies, and the expected payoffs of three players can obtain the same payoff when they cooperate in the first round by using generous strategies. This provides potential clues to design efficient cooperation protocol in multi-agent systems.

关键词： Zero-determinant Strategies Finitely Repeated Games direct reciprocity Discount factor

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