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Machine learning approaches using blood biomarkers in nonalcoholic fatty liver diseases

Artificial Intelligence in Gastroenterology 2022年第3期3卷 80-87页

作者： Randhall B Carteri Mateus Grellert Daniela Luisa Borba Claudio Augusto Marroni Sabrina Alves Fernandes Department of Nutrition Methodist University Center-IPAPorto Alegre 90420-060Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Health and Behaviour Catholic University of PelotasPelotas 96015-560Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Informatics and Statistics Federal University of Santa CatarinaFlorianópolis 88040-900Santa CatarinaBrazil Postgraduate Program in Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto AlegrePorto Alegre 90050-170Rio Grande do SulBrazil

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is an important public health *** diagnosis of NAFLD and potential progression to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH),could reduce the further advance of the disease,and improve patient *** to support patient diagnostic and predict specific outcomes,the interest in artificial intelligence(AI)methods in hepatology has dramatically increased,especially with the application of lessinvasive *** this review,our objective was twofold:Firstly,we presented the most frequent blood biomarkers in NAFLD and NASH and secondly,we reviewed recent literature regarding the use of machine learning(ML)methods to predict NAFLD and NASH in large ***,these studies provide insights into ML application in NAFLD patients'prognostics and ranked blood biomarkers are able to provide a recognizable signature allowing cost-effective NAFLD prediction and also differentiating NASH *** studies should consider the limitations in the current literature and expand the application of these algorithms in different populations,fortifying an already promising tool in medical science.

关键词： Artificial intelligence Liver diseases Healthcare Hepatology Prognosis diagnostics

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Modeling and Diagnostic Studies on the Variations of the Subtropical High over the Western Pacific from 1880 to 1999

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2002年第6期19卷 1148-1152页

作者：王绍武蔡静宁慕巧珍谢志辉朱锦红龚道溢 Department of Atmospheric Sciences School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871 Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Beijing Normal University Beifing 100875

Index series of Subtropical High over the western Pacific was extended to AD 1880 by using of statistical and modeling method. Reconstructed indices by both methods show good accordance each other. Association of the ... 详细信息

关键词： subtropical high over the western Pacific modeling diagnostics

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Comparison of Two Molecular Diagnostic Tests for COVID-19: Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 and Allplex™2019-nCoV, in the Epidemic Context in Senegal

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2023年第1期13卷 46-56页

作者： Babacar Faye Oulimata Gueye Doudou Georges Massar Niang Babacar Mbengue Alioune Dièye Laboratory of Molecular Biology Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal AIDS Program of the Senegalese Armed Forces Military Hospital of Ouakam Dakar Senegal Service of Molecular Biology Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal Service of Immunology Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Pharmacy and Odonto-Stomatology Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Background: The persistence of the rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic is linked to the appearance of several variants of SARS-CoV2 with an impact on biological diagnosis, treatment and vaccination. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted several SARS-CoV-2 detection tests Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) for diagnosis and better epidemiological surveillance. Thus, multiple RT-PCR tests have been developed and brought to market in order to meet the urgent need for the diagnosis of COVID-19. However, comparative data between these tests in clinical laboratories are scarcely available to assess their performance. Objective: To compare two molecular methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2: the RT-PCR, Allplex™2019-nCoV tests on CFX96 Bio-Rad and the Abbott m2000sp/rt RealTime SARS-CoV-2. Materials and Methods: Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs were taken from patients to diagnose SARS-CoV-2 infection. For each sample, we searched for the virus with two different RT-PCR tests: 1) first on Abbott m2000 SARS-CoV-2 targeting the N and RdRp genes, 2) then on Allplex™2019-nCoV Assay looking for the E, N and RdRp genes. Results: Percentages of the agreement were calculated. A total of 100 samples that tested negative and 90 positives on Abbott m2000 SARS-CoV-2 were retested on Allplex™2019-nCoV. Overall agreement was 74.74% on all samples. The specific agreement was 84% and 64.4% respectively for negative and positive samples with the RealTime SARS-CoV-2 test. A positive correlation (r2 = 0.63;p Conclusion: Our results showed good overall agreement between RT-PCR, Allplex™2019-nCoV and Abbott RealTime SARS-CoV-2 tests in the diagnosis of COVID-19. As the concordance is low for small viremias, the RT-PCR Allplex™2019-nCoV Assay would be better indicated during the acute and symptomatic phase of the disease.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 diagnostics RT-PCR Abbott RealTime Seegene-Allplex

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Comparison of outcomes between complete and incomplete congenital duodenal obstruction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第28期25卷 3787-3797页

作者： Stefan Gfroerer Till-Martin Theilen Henning C Fiegel Anoosh Esmaeili Udo Rolle Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Urology University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt 60590 Germany Department of Pediatric Cardiology University Hospital Frankfurt Frankfurt 60590 Germany

BACKGROUND Congenital duodenal obstruction (CDO) can be complete (CCDO) or incomplete (ICDO). To date there is no outcome analysis available that compares both subtypes. AIM To quantify and compare the association between CCDO and ICDO with outcome parameters. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients who underwent operative repair of CCDO or ICDO in our tertiary care institution between January 2004 and January 2017. The demographics, clinical presentation, preoperative diagnostics and postoperative outcomes of 50 patients were compared between CCDO (n = 27;atresia type 1-3, annular pancreas) and ICDO (n=23;annular pancreas, web, Ladd′s bands). RESULTS In total, 50 patients who underwent CDO repair were enrolled and followed for a median of 5.2 and 3.9 years (CCDO and ICDO, resp.). CCDO was associated with a significantly higher prenatal ultrasonographic detection rate (88% versus 4%;CCDO vs ICDO, Pdiagnostics, higher morbidity according to Clavien-Dindo classification and comprehensive complication index (all P≤0.01). The subgroup analysis of patients without CHD and prematurity showed a longer time from operation to the initiation of enteral feeds in the CCDO group (Pdiagnostics and morbidity. The degree of CDO in mature patients without CHD influences the postoperative initiation of enteral feeding.

关键词： Congenital duodenal obstruction Duodenal atresia Duodenal stenosis Prenatal ultrasonographic detection rate Clinical presentation Preoperative diagnostics Adverse events Outcome

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Scalable Methods for Device Patterning as an Outstanding Challenge in Translating Paper-Based Microfluidics from the Academic Benchtop to the Point-of-Care

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2019年第1期3卷 50-60页

作者： Jessica C.Brooks Charles R.Mace Department of Chemistry Tufts UniversityMedfordMA 02155USA

Paper-based microfluidic devices offer unparalleled adaptability for the development of low-cost,point-of-care analytical *** potential for these devices to drastically improve access to healthcare around the globe is obvious,but very few tests have found success in clinical ***,we identify manufacturing-specifically,methods to pattern paper devices at large scales-as a major barrier to translating prototype paper-based devices from the academic benchtop to the *** introduce current methods used to pattern papers and discuss their utility as means to prototype and manufacture paper-based devices.

关键词： Paper-based microfluidics μPAD Point-of-care diagnostics Manufacturing

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Performance demonstration of the PENELOPE main amplifier HEPA I using broadband nanosecond pulses

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High Power Laser Science and Engineering 2019年第1期7卷 1-9页

作者： D.Albach M.Loeser M.Siebold U.Schramm Helmholtz–Zentrum Dresden–Rossendorf Technische Universit?t Dresden

We report on the energetic and beam quality performance of the second to the last main amplifier section HEPA I of the PENELOPE laser project. A polarization coupled double-12-pass scheme to verify the full amplification capacity of the last two amplifiers HEPA I and II was used. The small signal gain for a narrow-band continuous wave laser was 900 and 527 for a broadband nanosecond pulse, demonstrating 12.6 J of output pulse energy. Those pulses, being spectrally wide enough to support equivalent 150 fs long ultrashort pulses, are shown with an excellent spatial beam quality. A first active correction of the wavefront using a deformable mirror resulted in a Strehl ratio of 76% in the single-12-pass configuration for HEPA I.

关键词： diode-pumped lasers laser amplifiers laser diagnostics pulse energy ytterbium

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Diagnosing coeliac disease:Out with the old and in with the new?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2020年第1期26卷 1-10页

作者： Richard PG Charlesworth School of Science and Technology University of New England

Coeliac disease(CD)is a complex condition resulting from an interplay between genetic and environmental *** diagnosing the condition,serological testing and genotyping are useful in excluding CD,although the gold standard of testing is currently histopathological examination of the small *** are drawbacks associated with this form of testing however and because of this,novel forms of testing are currently under *** we develop completely novel tests though,it is important to ask whether or not we can simply use the data we gather from coeliac patients more effectively and build a more accurate snapshot of CD through statistical analysis of combined *** is clear that not one single test can accurately diagnose CD and it is also clear that CD patients can no longer be defined by discrete classifications,the continuum of patient presentation needs to be recognised and correctly captured to improve diagnostic *** review will discuss the current diagnostics for CD and then outline novel diagnostics under investigation for the ***,improvements to current protocols will be discussed with the need for a holistic“snapshot”of CD using a number of metrics simultaneously.

关键词： Coeliac disease diagnostics Histology Serology Microbiome Metabolome

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Gut microbiome in acute pancreatitis:A review based on current literature

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第30期27卷 5019-5036页

作者： Bharati Kadamb Patel Kadamb H Patel Madhav Bhatia Shridhar Ganpati Iyer Krishnakumar Madhavan Shabbir M Moochhala Department of Surgery National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore School of Applied Sciences Temasek PolytechnicSingapore 529757Singapore Department of Pathology University of OtagoChristchurch 8140New Zealand Department of Surgery Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore National University Hospital National University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore Department of Pharmacology Yong Loo Lin School of MedicineNational University of SingaporeSingapore 119228Singapore

The gut microbiome is a complex microbial community,recognized for its potential role in physiology,health,and *** available evidence supports the role of gut dysbiosis in pancreatic disorders,including acute pancreatitis(AP).In AP,the presence of gut barrier damage resulting in increased mucosal permeability may lead to translocation of intestinal bacteria,necrosis of pancreatic and peripancreatic tissue,and infection,often accompanied by multiple organ dysfunction *** gut microbial homeostasis may reduce the systemic effects of AP.A growing body of evidence suggests the possible involvement of the gut microbiome in various pancreatic diseases,including *** review discusses the possible role of the gut microbiome in *** highlights AP treatment and supplementation with prebiotics,synbiotics,and probiotics to maintain gastrointestinal microbial balance and effectively reduce hospitalization,morbidity and mortality in an early *** also addresses novel therapeutic areas in the gut microbiome,personalized treatment,and provides a roadmap of human microbial contributions to AP that have potential clinical benefit.

关键词： Acute pancreatitis Gut microbiota Biomarkers diagnostics Dysbiosis

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Pressure-Based Approach to Estimating the Injection Start and End in Single and Split Common Rail Injection Processes

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Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong university(Science) 2018年第S1期23卷 28-33页

作者：翟佳琦段耀宗韩东 Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Fuel injection timing is an important control parameter for engine combustion optimization and emissions control. However, the actual fuel injection timing is different from the nominal one commanded by the electronic control unit, due to the system hydraulic lag or the possible communication malfunction. In this study,a simple estimate approach based on the injector inlet pressure is proposed to capture four critical characteristic instants at the start and end of injection. The critical characteristic moments estimated using this pressure-based approach are validated against those determined by the actual injection rate profiles, in the context of different single or split injection processes. The comparison revealed that the characteristic injection moments estimated by the injector inlet pressures and those determined by the actual injection rate profiles have a satisfactory agreement, certifying the broad applicability and reliability of this pressure-based approach in the detection of the real fuel injection start and end time.

关键词： injector inlet pressure common rail injection system injection diagnostics single injection split injection

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Integrating innovations:a qualitative analysis of referral non-completion among rapid diagnostic test-positive patients in Uganda’s human African trypanosomiasis elimination programme

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 844-859页

作者： Shona J.Lee Jennifer J.Palmer Centre of African Studies University of EdinburghGeorge SquareEdinburgh EH89LDUK Health in Humanitarian Crises Centre London School of Hygiene&Tropical MedicineKeppel StreetLondon WC1E 7HTUK.

Background:The recent development of rapid diagnostic tests(RDTs)for human African trypanosomiasis(HAT)enables elimination programmes to decentralise serological screening services to frontline health ***,patients must still undertake multiple onwards referral steps to either be confirmed or discounted as *** surveillance thus relies not only on the performance of diagnostic technologies but also on referral support structures and patient *** study explored why some RDT-positive suspects failed to complete the diagnostic referral process in West Nile,***:Between August 2013 and June 2015,85%(295/346)people who screened RDT-positive were examined by microscopy at least once;10 cases were *** interviewed 20 RDT-positive suspects who had not completed referral(16 who had not presented for their first microscopy examination,and 4 who had not returned for a second to dismiss them as cases after receiving discordant[RDT-positive,but microscopy-negative results]).Interviews were analysed thematically to examine experiences of each step of the referral ***:Poor provider communication about HAT RDT results helped explain non-completion of referrals in our *** patients were unaware they were tested for HAT until receiving results,and some did not know they had screened *** HAT testing and treatment is free,anticipated costs for transportation and ancillary health services fees deterred *** expected a positive RDT result would lead to HAT *** results that failed to provide a definitive diagnosis without further testing led some to question the expertise of health *** the four individuals who missed their second examination,complying with repeat referral requests was less attractive when no alternative diagnostic advice or treatment was ***:An RDT-based surveillance strategy that relies on referral through all levels of the health system is inevitably sub

关键词： Human African trypanosomiasis Sleeping sickness Uganda Passive screening diagnostics Case detection Referral completion Rapid diagnostic tests Elimination

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