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Review of current diagnostic methods and advances in Helicobacter pylori diagnostics in the era of next generation sequencing

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第32期25卷 4629-4660页

作者： Daniel Pohl Peter M Keller Valentine Bordier Karoline Wagner Division of Gastroenterology University Hospital of ZurichZurich 8006Switzerland Institute for Infectious Diseases University of BernBern 3010Switzerland Institute of Medical Microbiology University of ZurichZurich 8006Switzerland

Helicobacter pylori(***)infection is highly prevalent in the human population and may lead to severe gastrointestinal pathology including gastric and duodenal ulcers,mucosa associated tissue lymphoma and gastric *** recent years,an alarming increase in antimicrobial resistance and subsequently failing empiric *** eradication therapies have been noted worldwide,also in many European ***,rapid and accurate determination of ***’s antibiotic susceptibility prior to the administration of eradication regimens becomes ever more ***,detection of *** and its antimicrobial resistance is done by culture and phenotypic drug susceptibility testing that are cumbersome with a long *** advances in diagnostics provide new tools,like real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and line probe assays,to diagnose *** infection and antimicrobial resistance to certain antibiotics,directly from clinical ***,high-throughput whole genome sequencing technologies allow the rapid analysis of the pathogen’s genome,thereby allowing identification of resistance mutations and associated antibiotic *** the first part of this review,we will give an overview on currently available diagnostic methods for detection of *** and its drug resistance and their implementation in *** *** second part of the review focusses on the use of next generation sequencing technology in *** *** this end,we conducted a literature search for original research articles in English using the terms“Helicobacter”,“transcriptomic”,“transcriptome”,“next generation sequencing”and“whole genome sequencing”.This review is aimed to bridge the gap between current diagnostic practice(histology,rapid urease test,*** culture,PCR and line probe assays)and new sequencing technologies and their potential implementation in diagnostic laboratory settings in order to complement the currently

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Advances in diagnostics Next generation sequencing Whole genome sequencing Clinical management

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Ebola virus disease: Recent advances in diagnostics and therapeutics

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第9期12卷 385-395页

作者： Supriya Jagga Ashish Ranjan Sharma Chiranjib Chakraborty Sang-Soo Lee Institute for Skeletal Aging&Orthopedic Surgery Chuncheon Sacred Heart HospitalHallym UniversityChuncheon 24252 Republie of Korea Department of Biotechnology School of Life Science and BiotechnologyAdamas UniversityBarasat Barackpore RdKlltaWest Bengal 700126 lndia

Ebola virus disease(EVD)is associated with haemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates,with a high rate of fatality(up to 90%).Some outbreaks in human history have proven the lethality of *** recent epidemic of 2014 and 2015 in West Africa was the deadliest of all time(11 284 deaths).To understand the transmission dynamics,we have reviewed the epidemiology of EVD to *** absence of any licensed vaccines or approved drugs against Ebola virus(EBOV)further highlights the severity and crisis level of *** organizations(public and private)are making considerable efforts to develop novel therapeutic approaches or vaccines to contain the outbreak of EBOV ***,we summarized the various potential drugs and vaccines(undergoing multiple phases of clinical trials)that have arisen as an alternative against EBOV,and we highlighted the numerous issues and limitations hindering this ***,an increasing focus on strengthening the medical and civic health structure could provide speedy benefits in containing the spread of EVD,as well as offer a resilient foundation for the deployment of novel drugs and vaccines to the affected countries,once such drugs and vaccines become available.

关键词： Ebola virus Vaccines Therapeutics Ebola outbreaks diagnostics Epidemiology Haemorrhagic fever

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DNA diagnostics for reliable and universal identification of Helicobacter pylori

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7100-7112页

作者： Pavol Sulo Barbora Šipková Department of Biochemistry Comenius UniversityBratislava 84215Slovakia

Reliable diagnostics are a major challenge for the detection and treatment of Helicobacter pylori(***)*** at the forefront are non-invasive urea breath test(UBT)and stool antigen test(SAT).Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is not endorsed due to nonspecific primers and the threat of *** specificity of DNA amplification can be achieved by nested PCR(NPCR),which involves two rounds of *** the primers are properly designed for the variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene,it is not difficult to develop an NPCR assay for the unambiguous identification of *** NPCR for a 454 bp amplicon was validated on 81 clinical biopsy,stool,and saliva samples,each from the same individuals,and compared with available *** assays,namely histology,rapid urease test,SAT,and *** assay was much more sensitive than simple PCR,and it was equally sensitive in biopsy samples as the 13CUBT test,which is considered the gold *** addition,it is sufficiently specific because sequencing of the PCR products exclusively confirmed the presence of ***-specific ***,due to the threshold and lower abundance,the sensitivity was much lower in amplifications from stool or *** detection in saliva also complicates the ability of *** to survive in the oral cavity aside from and independent of the *** reason for the lower sensitivity in stool is DNA degradation;therefore,a new NPCR assay was developed to obtain a shorter 148 bp 16S rRNA *** assay was validated on stool samples from 208 gastroenterological patients and compared to SAT ***,this NPCR revealed the presence of *** in twice the number of samples as SAT,indicating that many patients are misdiagnosed,not treated by antibiotics,and their problems are interpreted as ***,it is unclear how to properly diagnose *** in *** the first approach,SAT or UBT is *** samples are negative,the 148 bp ampl

关键词： Chronic diseases Helicobacter pylori diagnostics Nested polymerase chain reaction DNA sequencing Detection limit

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Cardiac diagnostics before oral propranolol therapy in infantile hemangioma: retrospective evaluation of 234 infants

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2018年第3期14卷 254-258页

作者： Giovanni Frongia Ji-Oun Byeon Raoul Arnold Arianeb Mehrabi Patrick Günther Division of Pediatric Surgery Department of GeneralVisceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital of HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 11069120 HeidelbergGermany Department of Pediatric Cardiology Center for Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany Department of General Visceral and Transplantation SurgeryUniversity Hospital of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany

Background The indication and extent of cardiac screening before oral propranolol therapy (OPT) in patients with infantile hemangioma (IH) has been challenged. In this study, we evaluated pre-OPT cardiac diagnostics in a pediatric IH cohort in our department. Methods Retrospective chart review of infants ≤ 12 months old with IH undergoing OPT. The diagnostics prior to OPT, occurrence of complications, and outcome were recorded. Results A total of 234 patients were evaluated. The mean age at the onset of OPT was 4.2 ± 0.3 months, the average dura-tion of OPT was 6.1 ± 0.1 months, and the average follow-up was 12.3 ± 0.7 months. Echocardiograms and electrocardio-grams were performed prior to OPT in all patients. One hundred and three (44.0%) echocardiograms revealed pathological findings, 19 (8.1%) of which were minor (including atrial septal defects, pulmonary stenosis, and patent ductus arteriosus). Pathological findings were observed in 17 (7.3%) of electrocardiograms, only one (0.4%) of which was minor (suspected cardiac arrhythmia, subsequently excluded by long-term electrocardiogram analysis). These findings did not contraindicate OPT and no severe adverse events associated with OPT occurred during the follow-up period. Conclusions Routine cardiac screening by electrocardiogram and echocardiogram before OPT is debatable and not routinely indicated in children with IH. Further studies are necessary to draw definite conclusions on the reasonable indication and extent of this diagnostic approach.

关键词： Cardiac diagnostics Echocardiogram Electrocardiogram Hemangioma Propranolol

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diagnostics of Sensory Ataxia in Patients with Sensory Predominant Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy from Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Krasnoyarsk Region

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2016年第7期4卷 36-44页

作者： Т. Е. Popova N. А. Shnayder M. М. Petrova А. А. Таppakhov T. Ya. Nikolaeva E. E. Konnikova Krasnoyarsk State Medical University Named after Professor V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky Krasnoyarsk Russia M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University Yakutsk Russia

Materials and Methods: A group of healthy volunteers (24 people) and patients with SP-CIDP from Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (42 people) and Krasnoyarsk region (87 people). diagnostics Methods: Clinical neurologic, neurophysiological. Results: The results of stabilometry research of patients with SP-CIDP have revealed area expansion of pressure centre in phase EO and EC with deflection PC forward by anteropulsion type among patients with SP-CIDP from Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). Also in the Yakut group has been noted to have severer clinical course in comparison with inhabitants of Krasnoyarsk region. Conclusion: The method of computer stabilometry allows estimating objectively presence and degree of manifestation of sensitive ataxia in patients with SP-CIDP.

关键词： Sensory Predominant Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (SP-CIDP) diagnostics Sensory Ataxia Stabilometry

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diagnostics of Air-Breathing Electric Thrusters

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2015年第3期3卷 33-39页

作者： Constantinos Stavrinidis José Gonzalez del Amo Chloe Berenguer Konstantinos Katsonis ESTEC European Space Agency Noordwijk The Netherlands DEDALOS Ltd. Thessaloniki Greece

Air-Breathing Electric Thrusters (ABET) diagnostics is addressed, with on-ground prototypes in mind. It is based on detailed volume averaged Global Models and focuses on emission spectroscopy. Notably, the obtained optical emission spectroscopy diagnostics tools give important information about the thruster propellant constitution and also the ionization degree of each constituent. This allows for trade-off between various prototypes on the basis of their characterization and optimization.

关键词： diagnostics Low Earth Orbit Electric Thrusters Air-Breathing Spectroscopy

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diagnostics of Optical Characteristics and Parameters of Gas-Discharge Plasma Based on Mercury Diiodide and Helium Mixture

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2015年第12期5卷 826-832页

作者： Antonina Malinina Physical Faculty Uzhgorod National University Uzhgorod Ukraine

The results of diagnostics of spectral, temporal and energy characteristics of the radiation of gas-discharge plasma in a mixture of mercury diiodide vapor with helium in the spectral range of 350 - 900 nm, and the plasma parameters in the range of reduced electric field E/N = 1 - 100 Td are presented. The plasma is created in the barrier discharge device with a cylindrical aperture. The electrodes are placed 0.2 m in length at a distance of 0.015 m. The amplitude of the pump pulse, the duration and frequency were 20 - 30 kV, 150 ns and 1 - 20 kHz, respectively. Radiation in the visible region of the spectrum of mercury monoiodide exciplex molecule is revealed. Regu larities in the optical characteristics of the plasma, depending on the partial pressures of the components of the mixture, the electron energy distribution function, mean electron energy, specific losses of discharge power on the process of dissociative excitation of mercury monoiodide (state B2Σ+1/2) molecules as well as the rate constant of dissociative excitation of mercury monoiodide molecules in working mixture depending on the given reduced electric field are established.

关键词： diagnostics Optical Characteristics Barrier Discharge Gas-Discharge Plasma Mercury Diiodide Inert gases The Plasma Parameters

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diagnostics, rehabilitation and models of Parkinson’s disease

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Health 2012年第11期4卷 1200-1217页

作者： Juliana Dushanova Institute of Neurobiology Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Sofia Bulgaria

diagnostics and rehabilitation of Parkinson’s disease (PD) presents the current information pertaining to etiology, early biomarkers for diagnostics, novel methods to evaluate symptoms, multidisciplinary rehabilitation, new applications of brain imaging and invasive methods to the study of PD. Researchers have only recently begun to focus on the non-motor symptoms of PD, which are poorly recognized and inadequately treated by clinicians. The non-motor symptoms of PD have a significant impact on patient quality of life and mortality, and include cognitive impairments, autonomic, gastrointestinal, and sensory symptoms. Indepth discussion of the use of imaging tools to study disease mechanisms is also provided, with emphasis on the abnormal network organization in parkinsonism. Deep brain stimulation management is a paradigm-shifting therapy for PD, essential tremor and dystonia. In the recent years, new approaches of early diagnostics, training programmes and treatments have vastly improved the lives of people with PD, substantially reducing symptoms and significantly delaying disability. PD results primarily from the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Current PD medications treat symptoms;none halt or retard dopaminergic neuron degeneration. The main obstacle to developing neuroprotective therapies is a limited understanding of the key molecular mechanisms that provoke neurodegeneration. The discovery of PD genes has led to the hypothesis that misfolding of proteins and dysfunction of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway are pivotal to PD pathogenesis. Previously implicated culprits in PD neurodegeneration, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, may also act in part by causing the accumulation of misfolded proteins, in addition to producing other deleterious events in dopaminergic neurons. Neurotoxin-based models have been important in elucidating the molecular cas-cade of cell death in dopaminergic neurons. PD models based on the manipulatio

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease diagnostics Rehabilitation Models

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Current Methods of Human and Animal Brucellosis diagnostics

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2013年第3期3卷 177-184页

作者： Ekaterina A. Smirnova Andrey V. Vasin Nurlan T. Sandybaev Sergey A. Klotchenko Marina A. Plotnikova Olga V. Chervyakova Abylai R. Sansyzbay Oleg I. Kiselev Laboratory of Structural and Functional Proteomics Research Institute of Influenza of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation St. Petersburg Russia

Brucellosis is an urgent infectious disease of livestock and wild animals and the commonest human zoonosis. Diagnosis of brucellosis is rather complicated and it has to be obligatorily confirmed by laboratory testing. Direct bacteriological and molecular methods and indirect serological tests are used for brucellosis diagnostics. The choice of the diagnostic tools depends on the overall epidemiological situation in the region and the objectives of the study: validation of the diagnosis, screening (monitoring), cross-sectional studies or confirmation of brucellosis-free status of the region. The review describes current bacteriological, serological and molecular methods, routinely used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in humans and animals. The perspectives of brucellosis diagnostics are also discussed.

关键词： Brucellosis diagnostics Bacteriology Polymerase Chain Reaction Serology

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On-line Failure diagnostics for Steam Turbine Hydraulic Governing System

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 1995年第1期2卷 37-42页

作者：于达仁徐基豫高京生

This paper presents an on-line failure diagnostic method for steam turbine hydraulic governing system. This method uses the estimated values of friction on sliding valves to calculuate the corresponding dead band. Under load rejection, the steam turbine's additional overspeed caused by these dead bands are studied through computer simulation. This on-line detection of dead bands can realize the failure detection of blockage fault of sliding valves.

关键词： ss: Steam turbine governing system block failure on-line diagnostics

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