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Early Childhood Development (0 - 6 Years Old) from Healthy to Pathologic: A Review of the Literature

Open Journal of Medical Psychology 2020年第3期9卷 100-122页

作者： Chkirate Meriem Mammad Khaoula Chtabou Ghizlane Mdaghri Alaoui Asmaa Ahami O. T. Ahmed Clinical Neuroscience and Applied Nutrition Unit Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Kenitra Morocco Pediatric Service 2 Children’s Hospital University Hospital Center (UHC) Ibn Sina Rabat Morocco Research Team in Congenital Anomalies Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

Early childhood development involves an appropriate global intervention concerning the different areas of development such as: physical, cognitive, language and socio-emotional [1]. Especially during the first six years of life in an adequate environment rich in exchange and interaction. We will present in this article a review of the literature concerning normal early childhood development, focus firstly in normal development’s steps, the importance of first experiences and first aid with a stable and caring attachment figure. second, we will describe the various developmental disorders, occurring during this age group which extends from birth to 6 years and based on the DSM5 classification, namely that developmental delay may concern only one aspect of development (e.g. language delay or motor delay specifically) or concern the different aspects of development (overall development delay). The dynamics of development is also important to clarify because schematically we contrast the pathologies fixed to progressive pathologies (where we find the concepts of stagnation or regression in the development of the child). We will discuss in the third chapter, the interest of early detection as well as the multiple clinical and psychometric diagnostic tools, which aim to detect any delay or disorder in order to initiate appropriate care and minimize the long-term consequences.

关键词： Early Childhood Normal Development developmental disorder Early Screening Remediation

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