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Control of de novo root regeneration efficiency by Developmental status of Arabidopsis leaf explants

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2019年第3期46卷 133-140页

作者： Jing Pan Fei Zhao Guifang Zhang Yu Pan Lijun Sun Ning Bao Peng Qin Lyuqin Chen Jie Yu Yijing Zhang Lin Xu National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Life Sciences Nantong University School of Public Health Nantong University Department of Instrument Science and Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University Departments of Neurosurgery Psychiatry and Behavioral Sci-ences Stanford University School of Medicine

De novo root regeneration(DNRR) has wide applications in agriculture such as those related to cutting technology. Detached Arabidopsis thaliana leaf explants can regenerate adventitious roots without added hormones. The regenerative ability is highly dependent on the Developmental status of the leaf. An immature leaf has a higher regenerative ability, while a mature leaf is difficult to regenerate. Using RNASeq analysis, we showed that the expression levels of many genes, including those in the auxin network,changed during leaf maturation. Particularly, the expression levels of many YUCCA(YUC) genes in the auxin biosynthesis pathway are responsive to leaf maturation. Overexpression of YUC1 in the yuc-1 D dominant mutant rescued the rooting defects caused by leaf maturation. In addition, YUC4 expression levels were also affected by circadian rhythms. The regenerative ability was reduced in both immature and mature mutant leaf explants from the new wuschel-related homeobox 11-3(wox11-3) and wox12-3 mutant alleles created by the CRISPR/Cas9 method. Overall, the transcriptome and genetic data, together with the auxin concentration analysis, indicate that the ability to upregulate auxin levels upon detachment may be reduced during leaf maturation. Thus, multiple Developmental and environmental signals may converge to control auxin accumulation, which affects the efficiency of the WOX11/12-mediated DNRR from leaf explants.

关键词： De novo root regeneration WOX11 Arabidopsis Developmental status Circadian rhythms YUCCA

Diagnosis of intellectual disability/global Developmental delay via genetic analysis in a central region of China

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第13期132卷 1533-1540页

作者： Li-Hong Liao Chen Chen Jing Peng Li-Wen Wu Fang He Li-Fen Yang Ci-Liu Zhang Guo-Li Wang Pan Peng Yu-Ping Ma Pu Miao Fei Yin Department of Pediatrics Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan 410008China Hunan Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center ChangshaHunan 410008China Department of Pediatrics Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan UniversityWuhan UniversityWuhanHubei 430071China

Background:Advanced technology has become a valuable tool in etiological studies of intellectual disability/global Developmental delay(ID/GDD).The present study investigated the role of genetic analysis to confirm the etiology in ID/GDD patients where the cause of the disease was uncertain in central China.Methods:We evaluated 1051 ID/GDD children aged 6 months to 18 years from March 2009 to April 2017.Data concerning basic clinical manifestations were collected,and the method of etiology confirmation was recorded.Genome-wide copy number variations(CNVs)detection and high-throughput sequencing of exons in the targeted regions was performed to identify genetically-based etiologies.We compared the incidence of different methods used to confirm ID/GDD etiology among groups with differing degrees of ID/GDD using the Chi-square or Fisher exact probability test.Results:We recruited 1051 children with mild(367,34.9%),moderate(301,28.6%),severe(310,29.5%),and profoundly severe(73,6.9%)ID/GDD.The main causes of ID/GDD in the children assessed were perinatal factors,such as acquired brain injury,as well as single gene imbalance and chromosomal gene mutation.We identified karyotype and/or CNVs variation in 46/96(47.9%)of cases in severe ID/GDD patients,which was significantly higher than those with mild and moderate ID/GDD of 34/96(35.4%)and 15/96(15.6%),respectively.A total of 331/536(61.8%)patients with clear etiology have undergone genetic analysis while 262/515(50.9%)patients with unclear etiology have undergone genetic analysis(x^2=12.645,P<0.001).Gene structure variation via karyotype analysis and CNV detection increased the proportion of children with confirmed etiology from 51.0%to 56.3%,and second-generation high-throughput sequencing dramatically increased this to 78.9%.Ten novel mutations were detected,recessive mutations in X-linked genes(ATPase copper transporting alpha and bromodomain and WD repeat domain containing 3)and dominant de novo heterozygous mutations in X-linked genes(cyclin-dependent kinase like 5,

关键词： Intellectual disability Global Developmental delay Children Gene analysis Etiology

Developmental expression of three prmt genes in Xenopus

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Zoological Research 2019年第2期40卷 102-107页

作者： Cheng-Dong Wang Xiao-Fang Guo Thomas Chi Bun Wong Hui Wang Xu-Feng Qi Dong-Qing Cai Yi Deng Hui Zhao Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine Ministry of EducationSchool of Biomedical Sciences Faculty of Medicine The Chinese University of Hong Kong Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Medicine of Ministry of Education Jinan University Department of Developmental & Regenerative Biology College of Life Science and Technology Jinan University Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment Department of Biology South University of Science and Technology of China Kunming Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences-The Chinese University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research of Common Diseases

DEAR EDITOR Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs)are involved in many cellular processes via the arginine methylation of histone or non-histone proteins.We examined the expression patterns of prmt4,prmt7,and prmt9 during embryogenesis in Xenopus using whole-mount in situ hybridization and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Xenopus prmt4 and prmt7 were expressed in the neural crest,brain,and spinal cord,and also detected in the eye,branchial arches,and heart at the tailbud stage.Specific print9 signals were not detected in Xenopus embryos until the late tailbud stage when weak expression was observed in the branchial arches.Quantitative RT-PCR indicated that the expression of prmt4 and prmt7 was up-regulated during the neurula stage,whereas prmt9 maintained its low expression until the late tailbud stage,consistent with the whole-mount in situ hybridization results.Thus,the Developmental expression patterns of these three print genes in Xenopus embryos provide a basis for further functional study of such genes.

关键词： Developmental expression prmt genes Xenopus

Transcriptome analysis of kelp Saccharina japonica unveils its weird transcripts and metabolite shift of main components at different sporophyte Developmental stages

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2019年第2期37卷 640-650页

作者： DING Haiyan GUO Li LI Xiaojie YANG Guanpin College of Marine Life Sciences Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Shandong Oriental Ocean Sci-Tech Co. Ltd. Yantai 264003 China Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding of Ministry of Education Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China Institutes of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity Ocean University of China Qingdao 266003 China

Saccharina japonica is an economically important cold water brown alga extensively cultivated in China. It is cultivated upside down under a floating rope net with its holdfast and meristematic area facing sunlight and UV irradiation and its blade tip toward dark, and other worse cultivation environmental factors also make S . japonic a face more stresses. In this study, S . japonica transcriptomes corresponding to its four Developmental stages were analyzed. In total, 7 800 genes predicted in the genome were transcribed. We found that 1 208 of the 7 800 expressed and 2 697 annotated were virus associating genes. Of 778 diff erentially expressed genes (DEGs), 372 were annotatable and 209 were virus associating. Such portion of virus associating genes indicated that the S . japonica genome contained a large portion of active virus originating genes. It was found that the transcripts abundance associated with sugar biosynthesis was about 2.13 folds of all the expressed, indicating that the biosyntheses of structural and storage sugars were very important cellular processes. The total abundance of genes involved in the biosynthesis of alginate and laminarin were similar among all Developmental stages, however, that of genes involved in the biosynthesis of mannitol increased about 2-folds from mushroom and adult stages to mature and aging stages. This trend explained our observation that the content of alginate was almost constant at diff erent development stages, while that of mannitol increased sharply. In addition, we found that a set of defense and cell recurring genes highly expressed and many of them expressed diff erentially among stages. On average, the sum abundance of the transcripts of these genes at four stages were 3.40-and 4.96-folds of all the annotated and all the expressed, respectively. This indicated that S . japonica sporophytes persistently respond possible pathogen and environment stresses. The findings are important for timing S . japonica harvest and amending the current cultivation mode.

关键词： Saccharina japonica transcriptome Developmental stage sugar biosynthesis defense

Developmental psychopathology:A primer for clinical pediatrics

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2017年第3期7卷 159-162页

作者： Robert Eme Illinois School of Professional Psychology at Argosy University Schaumburg Campus

Developmental psychopathology(DP),broadly defined as the scientific discipline that has as its primary goal the integration of Developmental science and psychopathology into a coherent approach to explanatory models for psychopathological development,has become the dominant approach in the past decade for understanding the origins of mental disorders among children and adolescents.Hence,it is incumbent upon those working in the field of clinical pediatrics to have at least a basic understanding of its core principles of DP.This article provided such an understanding(i.e.,a primer) in an exposition of the four principles that are generally considered be core elements of with examples illustrative of each of the principles.

关键词： Developmental psychopathology Developmental cascades Developmental pathways

Single cell tells the Developmental story

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Science Bulletin 2016年第17期61卷 1355-1357页

作者： Zhengyan Zhan Xin Xu Yu V.Fu State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that retain the ability to self-renew and differentiate into specialized cells,offering a promising resource to generate requisite cell types in regenerative medicine[1,2].Haematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)can differentiate into entire mature blood lineages,sitting at the apex of the haematopoietic hierachy and playing a key role in the long-term maintenance and stabilization of mammalian blood system functions[3,4].HSCs are mostly found in embryo and bone marrow,but also with small amounts in peripheral blood.Under

关键词： maintenance differentiate specialized stabilization embryo mature story retain offering Developmental

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: What has changed in the last 20 years?

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2015年第11期6卷 886-901页

作者： Pavel Kotlarsky Reuben Haber Victor Bialik Mark Eidelman Pediatric Orthopedic Unit Ruth Rappaport Children’s HospitalRambam Health Care Campus

Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH) describes the spectrum of structural abnormalities that involve the growing hip. Early diagnosis and treatment is critical to provide the best possible functional outcome. Persistence of hip dysplasia into adolescence and adulthood may result in abnormal gait, decreased strength and increased rate of degenerative hip and knee joint disease. Despite efforts to recognize and treat all cases of DDH soon after birth, diagnosis is delayed in some children, and outcomes deteriorate with increasing delay of presentation. Different screening programs for DDH were implicated. The suspicion is raised based on a physical examination soon after birth. Radiography and ultrasonography are used to confirm the diagnosis. The role of other imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging, is still undetermined; however, extensive research is underway on this subject. Treatment depends on the age of the patient and the reducibility of the hip joint. At an early age and up to 6 mo, the main treatment is an abduction brace like the Pavlik harness. If this fails, closed reduction and spica casting is usually done. After the age of 18 mo, treatment usually consists of open reduction and hip reconstruction surgery. Various treatment protocols have been proposed. We summarize the current practice for detection and treatment of DDH, emphasizing updates in screening and treatment during the last two decades.

关键词： Developmental dysplasia Newborn Infant Children Hip Developmental dysplasia of the hip

Seasonal variation in adult hip disease secondary to osteoarthritis and Developmental dysplasia of the hip

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2016年第12期7卷 821-825页

作者： Tatsuya Sueyoshi Merrill A Ritter Kenneth E Davis Randall T Loder Department of Orthopedic Surgery Kyoto University Center for Hip and Knee Surgery James Whitcomb Riley Children’s Hospital

AIM To determine if there was a seasonal variation in adults undergoing total hip arthroplasty for end stage hip disease due to osteoarthritis(OA) or sequelae of Developmental dysplasia of the hip(DDH).METHODS The total hip registry from the author's institution for the years 1969 to 2013 was reviewed. The month of birth,age,gender,and ethnicity was recorded. Differences between number of births observed and expected in the winter months(October through February) and non-winter mo(March through September) were analyzed with the χ2 test. Detailed temporal variation was mathematically assessed using cosinor analysis.RESULTS There were 7792 OA patients and 60 DDH patients who underwent total hip arthroplasty. There were more births than expected in the winter months for both the DDH(P < 0.0001) and OA(P = 0.0052) groups. Cosinor analyses demonstrated a peak date of birth on 1st October. CONCLUSION These data demonstrate an increased prevalence of DDH and OA in those patients born in winter.

关键词： Seasonal trend Winter Osteoarthritis Birth month Developmental hip dysplasia

Developmental status and problems of rice ratooning

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 246-247页

作者： LIN Wen-xiong School of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University

Rice ratooning cultivation is an imperative breakthrough technology for promoting supply-side structural reform of agriculture, implementing the national plan to reduce the area of double-cropping rice in the Yangtze River basin, China. While, at the same time, it also contributes to ensure the absolute safety of grain ration and optimize grain production structure in China. Rice ratooning is a cropping system in which we take advantage of the regeneration characteristics of the rice plant. For instance, the axillary buds grow rapidly into seedlings and then proceed to the stage of tillering, heading, grain filling and ripening through adopting different planting measures after the main crop (the first cropping rice) is harvested. Ratoon rice has a long history dating back 1 700 years in China. Presently, two models are commonly employed for harvesting of ratoon rice, which are manual harvesting and mechanized harvesting of ratoon rice. However, with the migration of Chinese rural labor forces, mechanized technology for ratoon rice has now become the main planting and harvesting mode. Moreover, this is also the recommended cultivation technique with promising high grain yields and better economic efficiency and more importantly it has become increasingly popular due to its beneficial aspects with the ongoing efforts of scientific research. The grain yield for both the main crop and ratooning crop is usually 15 t ha^–1 yr^–1 with a significant improvement on the economic benefits compared to the middle season and double season rice, respectively.

关键词： Rice Developmental status breakthrough technology