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Umami: An Alternative Japanese Approach to Reducing Sodium While Enhancing Taste desirability

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Health 2021年第6期13卷 629-636页

作者： Shuhei Nomura Aya Ishizuka Shiori Tanaka Daisuke Yoneoka Hisayuki Uneyama Kenji Shibuya Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Department of Health Policy and Management School of Medicine Keio University Tokyo Japan Epidemiology and Prevention Group Center for Public Health Sciences National Cancer Center Tokyo Japan Graduate School of Public Health St. Luke’s International University Tokyo Japan Ajinomoto Co. Inc. Tokyo Japan Soma COVID Vaccination Medical Center Fukushima Japan

COVID-19 has highlighted the underlying global burden from non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and the lack of resiliency in health systems to tackle highly preventable risk factors, which have left populations vulnerable to acute health crises. The persistent issue of unhealthy behaviors, particularly those related to a high-sodium diet, suggests inadequate policy attention and insufficient funding for public health and behavioral research. This year, Japan will host the Tokyo Nutrition for Growth (N4G) Summit 2021. The summit is being held in the era of COVID-19, offering a historic opportunity to make a difference on the global health agenda for food and nutrition and to reaffirm the global commitment to prevent future health crises by addressing the growing burden of NCDs and building better prepared and more resilient health systems. This perspective article suggests that we, global health researchers and decision-makers, should rethink the value of using “Umami” substances as candidates for a practical salt-reducing alternative that originated in Japan (while maintaining the affordability, accessibility, availability, and desirability of healthy food). Reduced salt intake will help address the global syndemic of COVID-19 pandemic and high rates of hypertension, heart diseases, diabetes, and other NCDs. By addressing these issues, it will make countries more resilient to future pandemic threats.

关键词： Umami Sodium Reduction desirability Eating Behavior

Use of desirability Function Method in Optimization of Regeneration and Callus Induction of <i>Alhagi camelorum</i>

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第3期5卷 268-274页

作者： Maryam Honari Hossein Askari Mahmood Khosrowchahli Biotechnology Department of Plant Breeding Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Tehran Azad University Science and Research Branch Tehran Iran Department of Biotechnology Faculty of New Technology Engineering Shahid Beheshti University Tehran Iran Department of Plant Breeding Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources Tehran Azad University Science and Research Branch Tehran Iran

In this study, the desirability function approach was used to simultaneously optimize multiple factors. The variables evaluated were combinations of growth regulators, media and organs in affecting the organogenesis of Alhagi. In the first step of this study, various experiments were carried out in order to optimize the callus induction and its growth. The highest rate of callus induction was achieved from the leaf segment on MS medium supplemented with 3 mg·l-1 BAP + 6 mg·l-1 NAA. Moreover, the highest rate of regeneration was recorded on MS medium supplemented with those 4 mg·l-1 BAP using for leaf segments. The optimized condition of roots induction per shoot was observed in the 1/4 MS medium without activated charcoal and supplemented with 0.25 mg·l-1 IAA. The well rooted plantlets were acclimatized and successfully established into soil where 70% plantlets were survived. The data indicate that media, BAP, and NAA levels may be manipulated to increase or decrease quality factors chosen.

关键词： desirability Functions Multiple Factors Organogenesis Alhagi Callus Induction Optimized Condition

Impacts of social desirability response bias on sexuality care of cancer patients among Chinese nurses

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Open Journal of Nursing 2012年第4期2卷 341-345页

作者： Ding-Mei Li Abbey Hyde Yingchun Zeng Department of Health and Physical Education The Hong Kong Institute of Education Hong Kong China Department of Nursing Studies Huaihua Medical College Huaihua China School of Nursing Midwifery and Health System University College Dublin Dublin Ireland

The purpose of this study was to detect social desirable response bias on Chinese nurses’ attitudes and beliefs toward sexuality care of cancer patients. A cross-sectional self-reported questionnaire based survey was used. Measures included a 12-item Inventory of Sexuality Attitude and Belief Survey (SABS) and a 10-item Marlowe-Crowne Social desirability Scale. Total social desirability scores were significantly correlated with four individual items of the SABS, and significantly predicted the total SABS scores (β=﹣0.155, p= 0.028). Before controlling social desirability variable, nurses’ age, marital status, years of working experience, and working units were significantly correlated with total SABS scores. After controlling social desirability variable, only nurses’ age and working units were statistically significant predictors of SABS. Social desirable response bias had impacts on Chinese nurses’ attitudes and beliefs toward sexuality care of cancer patients. Study findings demonstrated that social desirable response bias would potentially jeopardize human sexuality assessment and counseling in nursing practice. Controlling social desirable response should consider using a social desirability scale to detect and control potential social desirability bias during data analysis.

关键词： Social desirability Response Bias Chinese Nurses Sexuality Cancer Patients

Determining Optimum Design Parameters of Foldable Product Using Response Surface Methodology and Genetic Algorithm

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Engineering（科研） 2020年第11期12卷 839-850页

作者： Shahriar Tanvir Alam Mohd Albab Amin Department of Industrial and Production Engineering Military Institute of Science of Technology (MIST) Dhaka Bangladesh

It is desired to optimize design parameters in any product development for achieving the appropriate efficiency level in any manufacturing industry. To select the best materials used, reduce cost, and increase a product’s sustainability, an analysis of all design parameters must be conducted. Suitable design parameters and their optimum ranges provide the feasibility in developing a specific product. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) provides the opportunity of checking the parameters after considering optimization strategies, which results in improving the production process. In this study, the research aims to construct a 3D model and a mathematical equation on a foldable product to optimize the design parameters. A 2-level 3 factors small Central Composite Design (CCD) method is used for planning experimental trials, and the primary objective is to determine the optimal value for three design parameters, which are fold angle, length of the cycle, and height between seat and paddle in terms of the response which is “time required to fold the product”. This paper directs attention towards response optimization to achieve minimum “time required to fold the product” using the desirability criteria of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and the optimization approach of the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The optimum value of “time required to fold the product” is found to be 2.415 seconds with a combination of design parameters such as “fold angle” of 180°, “length of the cycle” of 74.112 cm, and “height between seat and paddle” of 0.613 m using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The Genetic Algorithm (GA) predicts the “time required to fold the product” is 2.39 seconds and design parameters of “fold angle” of 179.559°, “length of the cycle” of 74.1 cm, and “height between seat and paddle” of 0.59 m. This similar sort of analysis can be implemented in different manufacturing industrie

关键词： RSM GA desirability Foldable Product CCD

Early Design Method to Improve Shading Device Efficiency:The Solar Coupling Index

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2019年第6期13卷 390-400页

作者： Jorge Hernán Salazar Trujillo Facultad de Arquitectura Universidad Nacional de ColombiaCalle 59 A N 63-20 Bl 24MedellínC.P.050034Colombia

To reduce solar gains,regions of the sky dome are masked,where the solar path will pass in the moments in which the shade will be *** these regions masked by the shadow devices could also provide diffuse lighting,reducing the need for daytime artificial *** a shadow device is perfectly designed it does not mask more sky than necessary avoiding unwanted solar *** the early stages of architectural design many decisions that will affect the project’s energy efficiency have not yet been made and information is lacking to carry out realistic energy or daylighting *** objective was to define an index to qualify,from minimum input data,the effectiveness of a shaded opening by maximizing the visibility to the sky while minimizing undesirable unshaded solar *** basic 3D models and AutoLISP algorithms,it was possible to calculate the aforementioned *** results demonstrate that similar shadow devices present variable Solar Coupling Indices,explaining why the pre-design of an efficient shadow device is an unintuitive *** method allows quantifying the gap between the best solar performance achievable and the performance achieved by a specific solar control device,helping to increase the energy efficiency of the architectural enclosures from the early design stages.

关键词： Shadow efficiency shading device solar control diffuse lighting shadow desirability

Optimization of Hot Water Temperature Dipping and Calcium Chloride Treatment to the Selected Physico-Chemical Parameters of Keitt Mango and Cavendish Banana Fruits

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2017年第10期8卷 912-935页

作者： Dovel Branquinho Ernesto Mary Omwamba Abdul Faraj Symon Mahungu Agriculture Division of Instituto Superior Politécnico de Manica Matsinho Mozambique Dairy & Food Science & Technology Department Egerton University Njoro Kenya

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) and banana (Musa acuminata) are the most popular fruits in the world and widely cultivated crops in the tropical and subtropical zones. Keitt mangoes and Cavendish bananas are the largest cultivar of these fruits found in the Mozambique market. They are only available for a short period each year mostly during the late summer and early falls. Due to mango and banana fruits high water activity and respiration rate, are perishable foods and require conservation methods for preservation and availability. The aim of this study was to optimize the hot water-calcium chloride concentration treatment regime for improved postharvest handling of mangoes and bananas. The fruits collected were of uniform size, and at greenyellowish maturity stage based on length, diameter, colour and firmness. The process was optimized by experimental central composite design using hot water temperature (50°C - 60°C) and calcium chloride concentration (2% - 4%) with the aid of desirability function. The samples were analyzed for the centesimal composition, firmness, colour, °Brix, Aw, pH, titratable acidity and vitamin C. The results showed that hot water temperature and calcium chloride concentration were influent on the Keitt mangoes b* colour attribute, pH and titratable acidity as well as the Cavendish bananas firmness, ash and vitamin C content. The optimal conditions of the process were stabilized with the desirable function and, coincidentally for both crops, obtained at 55°C of hot water temperature dipping and 3% of calcium chloride concentration. The simulated data were similar to the experimental ones. This is the first time that calcium chloride-hot water treatment is being reported as a means of extending the shelf-life of mangoes and bananas.

关键词： Mangifera Musa Optimization Central Composite Design desirability Function

Formulation optimization, in situ intestinal absorption and permeability of psoralen and isopsoralen

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2019年第3期11卷 337-343页

作者： Wan-jin Sun Peng Zhang Xiang-wei Qu Li-min Xu Chun-bao Yang Shi-ping Gu Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430061China Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Wuhan 430074China The 264 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army Taiyuan 030000China

Objective: To optimize a self-emulsifying drug delivery system(SEDDS) formulation for psoralen and isopsoralen(PSO and IPSO) isolated from Psoraleae ***: A D-optimal design was used to investigate the influence of oil percentage, surfactant percentage and cosurfactant percentage on several properties of SEDDS including particle size, polydispersity,equilibrium solubility, in situ intestine absorption rate and intestinal permeability. Furthermore, the desirability function approach was applied to obtain the optimal formulation for the ***: The oil percentage, surfactant percentage and cosurfactant percentage were optimized to be53.6%, 35.7% and 10.7%, respectively, which means the model is ***: The D-optimal design is valuable to optimize the SEDDS formulation and understand formulation compositions’ functions on SEDDS properties.

关键词： desirability function D-optimal design isopsoralen optimization psoralen self-emulsifying drug delivery system

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乡村治理中的多重合意性协同

农业经济研究

农业经济研究 2024年第5期

作者：许睿谦王超苏孟玥

由“行政—社区—市场”多重制度要素叠加而形塑的制度复杂性正成为乡村广泛面临的治理挑战，乡村振兴需要乡村协调与有序治理。本文借鉴制度复杂性理论，为乡村治理的制度结构特征以及治理主体的能动与创新策略提供新的解释视角。本文... 详细信息

由“行政—社区—市场”多重制度要素叠加而形塑的制度复杂性正成为乡村广泛面临的治理挑战，乡村振兴需要乡村协调与有序治理。本文借鉴制度复杂性理论，为乡村治理的制度结构特征以及治理主体的能动与创新策略提供新的解释视角。本文提出基于多重合意性协同的分析框架，并结合对3个典型村庄案例的考察来提炼治理策略及作用机理。研究发现：乡村治理在行政、社区和市场多重制度逻辑下面临合意性短缺与紧张关系的潜在制约；多重合意性协同是乡村基层在复杂制度环境下提升治理效能、获取各方支持的关键内在支撑；制度弥合与制度联结构成了实现多重合意性协同的重要运作机理，支撑了合意性从短缺到兼顾、从紧张到良性互动的演化过程；村庄内外多元治理力量的激活调动与相互配合能为实现多重合意性协同提供组织保障。本研究的发现深化了对乡村治理的制度根源及微观主体应对机理的理解，并对乡村治理创新的策略与路径选择具有现实指导意义。

关键词：乡村治理制度复杂性合意性乡村振兴 rural governance institutional complexity desirability rural revitalization

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中国区域文化产业结构的趋同与合意性探究

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