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Effects of long-term fencing on soil microbial community structure and function in the desert steppe,China

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 431-446页

作者： PAN Yaqing KANG Peng QU Xuan RAN Yichao LI Xinrong Shapotou desert Research and Experiment Station Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China School of Biological Science and Engineering North Minzu UniversityYinchuan 750021China

One of the goals of grazing management in the desert steppe is to improve its ***,relatively little is known about soil microbe communities in the desert steppe ecosystem under grazing *** this study,we investigated the diversity and aboveground biomass of Caragana korshinskii *** communities in long-term fencing and grazing areas,combined with an analysis of soil physical-chemical properties and genomics,with the aim of understanding how fence management affects plant-soil-microbial inter-relationships in the desert steppe,*** results showed that fence management(exclosure)increased plant diversity and aboveground biomass in *** shrub area and effectively enhanced soil organic carbon(233.94%),available nitrogen(87.77%),and available phosphorus(53.67%)*** well,the Shannon indices of soil bacteria and fungi were greater in the fenced ***-soil changes profoundly affected the alpha-and beta-diversity of soil *** management also altered the soil microbial community structure,significantly increasing the relative abundances of Acidobacteriota(5.31%-8.99%),Chloroflexi(3.99%-5.58%),and Glomeromycota(1.37%-3.28%).The soil bacterial-fungal co-occurrence networks under fence management had higher complexity and *** on functional predictions,fence management significantly increased the relative abundance of bacteria with nitrification and nitrate reduction functions and decreased the relative abundance of bacteria with nitrate and nitrite respiration *** relative abundances of ecologically functional fungi with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,ectomycorrhizal fungi,and saprotrophs also significantly increased under fence *** addition,the differential functional groups of bacteria and fungi were closely related to plant-soil *** results of this study have significant positive implications for the ecological restoration and reconstruction of dry desert steppe and simila

关键词： desert steppe fence management Caragana korshinskii soil physical-chemical property soil microorganism

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Responses of plant diversity and soil microorganism diversity to nitrogen addition in the desert steppe,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 447-459页

作者： YE He HONG Mei XU Xuehui LIANG Zhiwei JIANG Na TU Nare WU Zhendan College of Grassland Resources and EnvironmentInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Soil Quality and Nutrient ResourcesHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Agricultural Ecological Security and Green Development at University of Inner Mongolia Hohhot 010018China

Nitrogen(N)deposition is a significant aspect of global change and poses a threat to terrestrial *** impact of plant-soil microbe relationships to N deposition has recently attracted considerable *** microorganisms have been proven to provide nutrients for specific plant growth,especially in nutrient-poor desert steppe ***,the effects of N deposition on plant-soil microbial community interactions in such ecosystems remain poorly *** investigate these effects,we conducted a 6-year N-addition field experiment in a Stipa breviflora *** steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,*** N treatment levels(N0,N30,N50,and N100,corresponding to 0,30,50,and 100 kg N/(hm2•a),respectively)were applied to simulate atmospheric N *** results showed that N deposition did not significantly affect the aboveground biomass of desert steppe plants.N deposition did not significantly reduce the alfa-diversity of plant and microbial communities in the desert steppe,and low and mediate N additions(N30 and N50)had a promoting effect on *** variation pattern of plant Shannon index was consistent with that of the soil bacterial Chao1 index.N deposition significantly affected the beta-diversity of plants and soil bacteria,but did not significantly affect fungal *** conclusion,N deposition led to co-evolution between desert steppe plants and soil bacterial communities,while fungal communities exhibited strong stability and did not undergo significant *** findings help clarify atmospheric N deposition effects on the ecological health and function of the desert steppe.

关键词： soil microorganisms plant-microbial community interaction plant diversity nitrogen deposition desert steppe

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Water utilization of typical plant communities in desert steppe,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第9期14卷 1038-1054页

作者： CHEN Juan WANG Xing SONG Naiping WANG Qixue WU Xudong School of Agriculture Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in northwestern China Yinchuan 750021China Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems in northwestern China of Ministry of Education Yinchuan 750021China School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Institute of desertification Control Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuan 750002China

Water is a limiting factor in the restoration and construction of desert *** plant water sources is necessary to understand soil-plant interactions and species coexistence;however,water sources of major plant communities within the desert steppe of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China remain poorly *** this study,we analyzed the water uptake of plants in four typical communities:Agropyron mongolicum Keng.;Sophora alopecuroids Linn.;Stipa breviflora Griseb.,and Achnatherum splendens(Trin.)Nevski *** isotopesδD andδ^(18)O in the xylem of plant and soil water at different soil depths were *** IsoSource model was used to determine the soil depths from which plants obtained *** showed that *** community obtained water predominantly from 0–20 and 40–80 cm depth,*** community from 0–20 cm depth,*** community from 0–40 cm depth,and *** community from 0–20 and 80–140 cm *** had a wider range of soil depths for water extraction,i.e.,utilizing different water sources depending on habitat,and the plasticity of its water uptake pattern determined its role in different *** source of plants relayed heavily on the distribution of their *** for soil water exists between different plant life forms in the sierozem habitat(***,***,and *** communities),and in the sandy soil habitat(*** community).The use of soil water by *** community is more spatially differentiated,and shrubs and herbs can coexist *** the pattern of extended drought period in the future,sierozem habitat may be more favorable for the formation of a dominant monoculture community type of perennial fibrous *** aeolian sandy soil habitat,*** had a strong competitive advantage,and the growth of shallow-rooted plants was easily suppressed.

关键词： stable isotope water source IsoSource model soil water desert steppe

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Biocrust-induced partitioning of soil water between grass and shrub in a desert steppe of Northwest China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第1期15卷 63-76页

作者： YANG Xinguo WANG Entian QU Wenjie WANG Lei Northwest National Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Key Laboratory of Restoration and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystems Ministry of EducationNingxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Ecology and Environment College Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Maintaining the stability of exotic sand-binding shrub has become a large challenge in arid and semi-arid grassland ecosystems in northern *** investigated two kinds of shrublands with different BSCs(biological soil crusts)cover in desert steppe in Northwest China to characterize the water sources of shrub(Caragana intermedia Kuang et ***)and grass(Artemisia scoparia *** Kit.)by stable 18O *** results showed that both shrublands were subject to persistent soil water deficiency from 2012 to 2017,the minimum soil depth with CV(coefficient of variation)desert areas,the natural withdrawal of artificial *** from desert steppe will be a long-term process,and the highly competitive relationship between shrubs and grasses also determines that its habitat will be maintained in serious drought state for a long time.

关键词： desert steppe biological soil crusts water resource Caragana intermedia Artemisia scoparia

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Responses of vegetation yield to precipitation and reference evapotranspiration in a desert steppe in Inner Mongolia,China

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Journal of Arid Land 2023年第4期15卷 477-490页

作者： LI Hongfang WANG Jian LIU Hu MIAO Henglu LIU Jianfeng Yinshanbeilu Grassland Eco-hydrology National Observation and Research Station China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing 100038China Institute of Water Resources for Pastoral Area Ministry of Water ResourcesHohhot 010020China Inner Mongolia Hydraulic Research Institute Hohhot 010020China

Drought,which restricts the sustainable development of agriculture,ecological health,and social economy,is affected by a variety of *** is widely accepted that a single variable cannot fully reflect the characteristics of drought *** precipitation,reference evapotranspiration(ET_(0)),and vegetation yield can derive information to help conserve water resources in grassland ecosystems in arid and semi-arid *** this study,the interactions of precipitation,ET_(0),and vegetation yield in Darhan Muminggan Joint Banner(DMJB),a desert steppe in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China were explored using two-dimensional(2D)and three-dimensional(3D)joint distribution *** types of Copula functions were applied to quantitatively analyze the joint distribution probability of different combinations of precipitation,ET_(0),and vegetation *** the precipitation–ET_(0)dry–wet type,the 2D joint distribution probability with precipitation≤245.69 mm/a or ET_(0)≥959.20 mm/a in DMJB was approximately 0.60,while the joint distribution probability with precipitation≤245.69 mm/a and ET_(0)≥959.20 mm/a was approximately ***,the joint return period that at least one of the two events(precipitation was dry or ET_(0)was wet)occurred was 2 a,and the co-occurrence return period that both events(precipitation was dry and ET_(0)was wet)occurred was 5 *** this condition,the interval between dry and wet events would be short,the water supply and demand were unbalanced,and the water demand of vegetation would not be *** addition,when precipitation remained stable and ET_(0)increased,the 3D joint distribution probability that vegetation yield would decrease due to water shortage in the precipitation–ET_(0)dry–wet years could reach up to 0.60–*** future work,irrigation activities and water allocation criteria need to be implemented to increase vegetation yield and the safety of water resources in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia.

关键词： precipitation reference evapotranspiration vegetation yield Copula functions desert steppe dry and wet events Inner Mongolia

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Grazing exclusion-induced shifts,the relative importance of environmental filtering,biotic interactions and dispersal limitation in shaping desert steppe communities,northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第3期10卷 402-415页

作者： WANG Xing SONG Naiping YANG Xinguo WANG Lei CHEN Lin Breeding Base for State Key Laboratory of Land Degradation and Ecological Restoration in Northwest China Ningxia University School of Agriculture Ningxia University

Grazing exclusion is one of the most efficient approaches to restore degraded grassland but may negatively affects the recovery of species diversity. Changes in plant species diversity should be a consequence of the ecological assembly process. Local community assembly is influenced by environmental filtering, biotic interactions, and dispersal. However, how these factors potentially contribute to changes to species diversity is poorly understood, especially in harsh environments. In this study, two management sites within a Stipa breviflora desert steppe community（typical natural steppe） were selected in northern China. In one of the two management sites, grazing has been excluded since 2010 and in the other with open grazing by sheep. In August 2016, three plots were established and 100 sampling units were created within each plot in a 5 m×5 m area at the two management sites. To assess the effects of grazing exclusion on S. breviflora steppe, we analyzed the vegetation biomass, species diversity,soil organic carbon, and soil particle size distribution using paired T-tests. In addition, variation partitioning was applied to determine the relative importance of environmental filtering and dispersal limitation. Null mode analysis was used to quantify the influence of biotic interactions in conjunction with Eco Sim niche overlap and co-occurrence values. Our results demonstrated that（1） species diversity significantly decreased and the main improvements in soil quality occurred in the topsoil 0–10 cm after the grazing exclusion;（2） environmental filtering was important for community assembly between grazed and fenced grassland and this appears particularly true for soil particle size distribution, which may be well correlated with soil hydrological processes; and（3） however, competitive exclusion may play a significant role within the exclusion. The multiple pathways of assembly may collectively determine negative effects on the restoration of species diversity. Ther

关键词： community assembly environmental filtering Stipa breviflora desert steppe semi-arid grassland

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Effects of climate change on phenology and primary productivity in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia

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Journal of Arid Land 2015年第2期7卷 251-263页

作者： Fang HAN Qing ZHANG Alexander BUYANTUEV Jian Ming NIU Peng Tao LIU Xing Hua LI Sarula KANG Jing ZHANG Chang Ming CHANG Yun Peng LI School of Life Sciences Inner Mongolia University Meteorological Bureau of Inner Mongolia Sino-US Center for Conservation Energy and Sustainability Science in Inner Mongolia (SUCCESS) Department of Geography and Planning the State University of New York

Variations in temperature and precipitation affect local ecosystems. Considerable spatial and temporal heterogeneity exists in arid ecosystems such as desert steppes. In this study, we analyzed the spatiotemporal dy- namics of climate and vegetation phenology in the desert steppe of Inner Mongolia, China using meteorological data （1961-2010） from 11 stations and phenology data （2004-2012） from 6 ecological observation stations. We also estimated the gross primary production for the period of 1982-2009 and found that the annual mean tem- perature increased at a rate of 0.47~C/decade during 1961-2010, with the last 10 years being consistently warmer than the 50 years as an average. The most significant warming occurred in winters. Annual precipitation slightly decreased during the 50-year period, with summer precipitation experiencing the highest drop in the last 10 years, and spring precipitation, a rise. Spatially, annual precipitation increased significantly in the northeastern and eastern central areas next to the typical steppe. From 2004 to 2012, vegetation green-up and senescence date advanced in the study area, shortening the growing season. Consequently, the primary productivity of the desert steppe de- creased along the precipitation gradient from southeast to northwest. Temporally, productivity increased during the period of 1982-1999 and significantly decreased after 2000. Overall, the Last decade witnessed the most dramatic climatic changes that were likely to negatively affect the desert steppe ecosystem. The decreased primary produc- tivity, in particular, decreases ecosystem resilience and impairs the livelihood of local farmers and herdsmen.

关键词： desert steppe green-up gross primary productivity phenology precipitation temperature

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Interactive effects of wind speed,vegetation coverage and soil moisture in controlling wind erosion in a temperate desert steppe,Inner Mongolia of China

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Journal of Arid Land 2018年第4期10卷 534-547页

作者： MENG Zhongju DANG Xiaohong GAO Yong REN Xiaomeng DING Yanlong WANG Meng desert Control Science and Engineering College Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Inner Mongolia Institute of Meteorological Science Hohhot 010051China Forestry College Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

The rapid desertification of grasslands in Inner Mongolia of China poses a significant ecological threaten to northern China. The combined effects of anthropogenic disturbances （e.g., overgrazing） and biophysical processes （e.g., soil erosion） have led to vegetation degradation and the consequent acceleration of regional desertification. Thus, mitigating the accelerated wind erosion, a cause and effect of grassland desertification, is critical for the sustainable management of grasslands. Here, a combination of mobile wind tunnel experiments and wind erosion model was used to explore the effects of different levels of vegetation coverage, soil moisture and wind speed on wind erosion at different positions of a slope inside an enclosed desert steppe in the Xilamuren grassland of Inner Mongolia. The results indicated a significant spatial difference in wind erosion intensities depending on the vegetation coverage, with a strong decreasing trend from the top to the base of the slope. Increasing vegetation coverage resulted in a rapid decrease in wind erosion as explained by a power function correlation. Vegetation coverage was found to be a dominant control on wind erosion by increasing the surface roughness and by lowering the threshold wind velocity for erosion. The critical vegetation coverage required for effectively controlling wind erosion was found to be higher than 60%. Further, the wind erosion rates were negatively correlated with surface soil moisture and the mass flux in aeolian sand transport increased with increasing wind speed. We developed a mathematical model of wind erosion based on the results of an orthogonal array design. The results from the model simulation indicated that the standardized regression coefficients of the main effects of the three factors （vegetation coverage, soil moisture and wind speed） on the mass flux in aeolian sand transport were in the following order： wind speed〉vegetation coverage〉soil moisture. These three factors had dif

关键词： desert steppe wind erosion desertification aeolian process sand transport Xilamuren grassland

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Effects of fertilization on population density and productivity of herbaceous plants in desert steppe

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2014年第3期6卷 219-225页

作者： JieQiong Su XinRong Li HaoTian Yang Shapotou desert Experimental Research Station Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

In order to investigate the impacts of fertilization on population density and productivity on herbaceous plants in desert steppe, nitrogen （N）, phosphorus （P）, and N-P addition experiments were performed. Each fertilizer treatment included four addition levels, i.e., 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/m2. The results indicated that population density decreased as fertilization levels increased regardless of the sort of fertilizer. More specifically, total density as well as density ofArtemisia capillaris, Allium polyrhizum, and Enneapogon brachystachyus decreased significantly in 20 g/m2 treated plots, as compared with the control plots. Fertilization effects on aboveground and root biomasses were extremely similar to that found in population density; that is, both total aboveground biomass and aboveground biomasses for A. capillaris, A. polyrhizum, and E. brachystachyus were negatively correlated with increasing fertilization levels, with all determination coefficients （R2） greater than 0.80. Therefore, in the case of desert regions （annual precipitation 〈180 mm）, fertilization would inhibit population density and productivity of herbaceous plants.

关键词： desert steppe herbaceous vegetation nitrogen fertilizer phosphorus fertilizer biomass

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The aboveground biomass of desert steppe and its spatiotemporal variation in western Inner Mongolia

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2013年第3期5卷 339-346页

作者： Tian Gao Bin Xu XiuChun Yang YunXiang Jin HaiLong Ma JinYa Li HaiDa Yu Key Laboratory of Agri-informatics Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

A precise understanding of the aboveground biomass of desert steppe and its spatio-temporal variation is important to understand how arid ecosystems respond to climate change and to ensure that scarce grassland resources are used rationally. On the basis of 756 ground survey quadrats sampled in western Inner Mongolia steppe in 2005-2011 and remote sensing data from the Moderate Resolu- tion Imaging Spectroradiometer （MODIS）--the normalized difference vegetation index （NDVI） dataset for the period of 2001-2011--we developed a statistical model to estimate the aboveground biomass of the desert steppe and further explored the rela- tionships between aboveground biomass and climate factors. The conclusions are as follows：（1） the aboveground biomass of the steppe in the research area was 5.27 Tg （1 Tg=1012 g） on average over 11 years; between 2001 and 2011, the aboveground biomass of the western Inner Mongolia steppe exhibited fluctuations, with no significant trend over time; （2） the aboveground biomass of the steppe in the research area exhibits distinct spatial variation and generally decreases gradually from southeast to northwest; and （3） the important factor causing intemnnual variations in aboveground biomass is precipitation during the period from January to July, but we did not find a significant relationship between the aboveground biomass and the corresponding temperature changes. The precipitation in this period is also an important factor influencing the spatial distribution of aboveground biomass （R2=0.39, P〈0.001）, while the temperature might be a minor factor （R2=0.12, P〈0.01 ）. The uncertainties in our estimate are primarily due to uncertainty in converting the fresh grass yield estimates to dry weight, underestimates of the biomass of shrubs, and error in remote sensing dataset.

关键词： Inner Mongolia desert steppe normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) aboveground biomass climate factors

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