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deformations of surface and rock mass in salt mines of southern poland

中国有色金属学会会刊：英文版 2005年第S1期15卷 310-314页

作者： J .Szewczyk G. Kortas StanisΙaw Staszic AGH-University of Science and Technology CracowPolandInstitute of Rock Mass Mechanics PAN-Polish Academy of Science CracowPoland

The existing salt mines "Wieliczka" and "Bochnia", where the exploitation of rock salt was going on since 14th century, have recently finished their mining activities. In the rock mass, however, old workings remained. They are often inaccessible and not inventoried properly. Clamping of such workings causes deformations in the rock mass itself and on the surface of the area. The specifics of physical properties of salt rock mass and also the applied exploitation systems influence the course of the deformation process. The complete image of this process also includes the changes of water balance in the rock mass and consequently water suffosion, landslide processes and the movements of the Carpathian Mountains that have not been examined satisfactorily so far. Many years lasting observations of the deformations of the area surface and mine workings allow defining their course and interpreting the obtained results. For the last ten years in order to study deformations the author has applied modern observation techniques: satellite methods (GPS), total stations of high measurement precision, precise leveling, the measurements of the convergence of mine workings and laser scanning. The results have been statistically and geostatistically analyzed. This results in interesting data referring to the course of deformation processes and enables to deal with the problem of securing old workings to minimize the damage.

关键词： rock deformations of surface and rock mass in salt mines of southern poland

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