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Heterogeneous information phase space reconstruction and stability prediction of filling body–surrounding rock combination

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2024年第7期31卷 1500-1511页

作者： Dapeng Chen Shenghua Yin Weiguo Long Rongfu Yan Yufei Zhang Zepeng Yan Leiming Wang Wei Chen School of Civil and Resources Engineering University of Science and Technology of BeijingBeijing 100083China Production Technology Department Longshou MineJinchuan Group Co.Ltd.Jinchang 737100China School of Civil Engineering and Architecture East China Jiaotong UniversityNanchang 330013China

Traditional research believes that the filling body can effectively control stress concentration while ignoring the problems of unknown stability and the complex and changeable stress distribution of the filling body–surrounding rock combination under high-stress conditions.Current monitoring data processing methods cannot fully consider the complexity of monitoring objects,the diversity of monitoring methods,and the dynamics of monitoring data.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a phase space reconstruction and stability prediction method to process heterogeneous information of backfill–surrounding rock combinations.The three-dimensional monitoring system of a large-area filling body–surrounding rock combination in Longshou Mine was constructed by using drilling stress,multipoint displacement meter,and inclinometer.Varied information,such as the stress and displacement of the filling body–surrounding rock combination,was continuously obtained.Combined with the average mutual information method and the false nearest neighbor point method,the phase space of the heterogeneous information of the filling body–surrounding rock combination was then constructed.In this paper,the distance between the phase point and its nearest point was used as the index evaluation distance to evaluate the stability of the filling body–surrounding rock combination.The evaluated distances(ED)revealed a high sensitivity to the stability of the filling body–surrounding rock combination.The new method was then applied to calculate the time series of historically ED for 12 measuring points located at Longshou Mine.The moments of mutation in these time series were at least 3 months ahead of the roadway return dates.In the ED prediction experiments,the autoregressive integrated moving average model showed a higher prediction accuracy than the deep learning models(long short-term memory and Transformer).Furthermore,the root-mean-square error distribution of the prediction results peaked at 0.26,thus outperforming the no-prediction method

关键词： deep mining filling body–surrounding rock combination phase space reconstruction multiple time series stability prediction

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Analysis of Water Insulating Effect of Compound Water-Resisting Key Strata in deep mining

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2007年第1期17卷 1-5页

作者： FENG Mei-mei, MAO Xian-biao, BAI Hai-bo, MIAO Xie-xing School of Sciences, China University of mining & Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221008, China School of Sciences China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou Jiangsu 221008 China

The problem of water preservation in mining and the prevention of water-bursts has been one of the more important issues in deep mining. Based on the concept of water-resisting key strata, the mechanics model of the key strata is established given the structural characteristics and the mechanical properties of the roof rock layers of the working face in a particular coal mine. Four other models were derived from this model by rearranging the order of the layers in the key strata. The distribution characteristics of stress, deformation, pore pressure and the flow vector of all the models are computed using the analytical module of fluid-structure interaction in the FLAC software and the corresponding risks of a water-burst are analyzed. The results indicate that the water-insulating ability of the key strata is related to the arrangement of soft and hard rocks. The water-insulating ability of the compound water-resisting key strata (CWKS) with a hard-hard-soft-hard-soft compounding order is the best under the five given simulated conditions.

关键词： deep mining water-resisting key strata fluid-structure interaction numerical simulation mechanical analysis

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Technology strategies to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality for China's metal mines

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2022年第4期29卷 626-634页

作者： Qifeng Guo Xun Xi Shangtong Yang Meifeng Cai School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of StrathclydeGlasgow G11XJUK

Greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions related to human activities have significantly caused climate change since the Industrial Revolution.China aims to achieve its carbon emission peak before 2030 and carbon neutrality before 2060.Accordingly,this paper reviews and discusses technical strategies to achieve the“dual carbon”targets in China’s metal mines.First,global carbon emissions and emission intensities from metal mining industries are analyzed.The metal mining status and carbon emissions in China are then examined.Furthermore,advanced technologies for carbon mitigation and carbon sequestration in metal mines are reviewed.Finally,a technical roadmap for achieving carbon neutrality in China’s metal mines is proposed.Findings show that some international mining giants have already achieved their carbon reduction targets and planned to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050.Moreover,improving mining efficiency by developing advanced technologies and replacing fossil fuel with renewable energy are two key approaches in reducing GHG emissions.Green mines can significantly benefit from the carbon neutrality process for metal mines through the carbon absorption of reclamation vegetations.Geothermal energy extraction from operating and abandoned metal mines is a promising technology for providing clean energy and contributing to the carbon neutrality target of China’s metal mines.Carbon sequestration in mine backfills and tailings through mineral carbonation has the potential to permanently and safely store carbon dioxide,which can eventually make the metal mining industry carbon neutral or even carbon negative.

关键词： carbon emissions carbon neutrality China’s metal mines deep mining mining efficiency

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Research progress and application of deep in-situ condition preserved coring and testing

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2023年第11期33卷 1319-1337页

作者： Heping Xie Yunqi Hu Mingzhong Gao Ling Chen Ru Zhang Tao Liu Feng Gao Hongwei Zhou Xiaobo Peng Xiongjun Li Jianbo Zhu Cunbao Li Ruidong Peng Yanan Gao Cong Li Jianan Li Zhiqiang He State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Healthy Operation and Maintenance of deep Underground Engineering College of Water Resource and HydropowerSichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China State Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Health Operation and Maintenance of deep Earth Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Sciences and Geothermal Energy Exploitation and UtilizationInstitute of Deep Earth Sciences and Green EnergyCollege of Civil and Transportation EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060China School of Mechanical Engineering Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610065China Frontier Science Research Center for Fluidized mining of deep Underground Resources China University of Mining and TechnologyXuzhou 221116China State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Safe mining China University of Mining and Technology-BeijingBeijing 100083China

With the depletion of shallow resources,the exploration of deep earth resources has become a global strategy.The study of the different patterns in the physical mechanical properties of rocks at different occurrence depths is the basis for exploring deep into the earth,with the core and premise being the acquisition and testing of deep in-situ core specimens.Based on the original idea of deep in-situ condition preserved coring(ICP-Coring)and testing,combined with theoretical modeling,numerical analysis,test platform development,indoor testing and engineering application,the principles and technologies of deep ICP-Coring are developed.This principle and technology consists of five parts:in-situ pressurepreserved coring(IPP-Coring),in-situ substance-preserved coring(ISP-Coring),in-situ temperaturepreserved coring(ITP-Coring),in-situ light-preserved coring(ILP-Coring),and in-situ moisturepreserved coring(IMP-Coring).The theory and technology of temperature and pressure reconstruction at different occurrence depths and in different environments are proposed,and prototype trial production was completed by following the principle of displacement and tests based on the in-situ reconstructed environment.The notable advances are as follows:(1)deep in-situ coring system:A pressure-preserved controller with an ultimate bearing capacity greater than 140 MPa,highperformance(temperature-resistant,pressure-resistant,and low thermally conductive)temperaturepreserved materials,an active temperature control system,and high-barrier quality-preserved membrane materials were developed;a deep ICP-Coring capacity calibration platform was independently developed,a deep in-situ coring technology system was developed,and the acquisition of deep in-situ cores was realized.(2)In-situ storage displacement system:Following the dual-circuit hydraulic design idea,a single-drive source push-pull composite grabbing mechanism was designed;the design of the overall structure for the deep in-situ displacement storage system and ultrahigh pressure ca

关键词： deep mining deep in-situ Coring Displacement Test

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Deformation-based support design for highly stressed ground with a focus on rockburst damage mitigation

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第1期14卷 50-66页

作者： P.K.Kaiser A.Moss Laurentian University SudburyONP3E 2C6Canada GeoK Inc.680 Ramsey Lake Road SudburyONP3E 6H5Canada Sonal mining Technology Inc. 2488 Shadbolt LaneWest VancouverBCV7S 3J1Canada

As mines go deeper,mine designs become more fragile and effective rock support becomes a strategic element for ground control to facilitate timely construction and cost-effective access for uninterrupted production.This article focuses on the design of integrated support systems for brittle ground when large displacements due to gradual bulking of stress-fractured rock or sudden violent bulking during rockbursts are induced by static and dynamic loading.It provides an overview of support design principles for a rational approach to ground control in deep mines when large deformations are anticipated near excavations.Such designs must not only account for load equilibrium but also for deformation compatibility.Most importantly,the design approach must account for the fact that the support’s displacement capacity is being consumed as it is deformed after support installation.It is therefore necessary to design for the remnant support capacity,i.***.the capacity remaining when the support is needed.Furthermore,if the support capacity can be consumed,it can also be restored by means of preventive support maintenance(PSM).The PSM concept for cost-effective ground control is introduced and illustrated by quantitative and operational evidence.Contrary to other design approaches,the deformation-based support design(DBSD)approach provides the capacity of an integrated support system as a function of imposed displacements.Reduction in this support capacity due to mininginduced deformation renders excavations increasingly more vulnerable if located within the influence of active mining and seismic activity.Because deformation measurements are robust indicators of the decay in support capacity,scanning and other displacement monitoring technologies enable measurements to verify the DBSD approach,to assess the remnant safety margin of the deformed support,and to make operational support maintenance decisions.

关键词： deep mining Deformation-based support design(DBSD) Cost-effective support Support consumption Preventive support maintenance(PSM)

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An operational approach to ground control in deep mines

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Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering 2022年第1期14卷 67-81页

作者： A.Moss P.K.Kaiser Sonal mining Technology Inc. 2488 Shadbolt LaneWest VancouverBCV7S 3J1Canada Laurentian University SudburyONP3E 2C6Canada GeoK Inc. 680 Ramsey Lake RoadSudburyONP3E 6H5Canada

As mines go deeper and get larger,mine designs become more fragile largely due to the response of the rock mass to mining.Ground control and rock support become important levers in the mine construction schedule,production performance,and excavation health.For example,in cave mines,the production footprint together with associated mine infrastructure are significant investments in a modern caving operation.This investment must be protected and maintained to reduce the risk of ground-related production disruptions.It is necessary to preserve the health of these excavations and their maintenance through an effective rock support design.Rock support thus becomes a strategic element in asset management.This article focuses on support design for brittle ground when displacements induced by stress-fracturing consume much of the support’s capacity.It deals with the functionality of the support in deforming ground.Several interlinked concepts are important when assessing excavation health.Designs must not only account for load equilibrium but also for deformation compatibility and capacity consumption.Most importantly,the support’s displacement capacity is being consumed when the rock mass is deformed after support installation.Hence,it is necessary to design for the support capacity remaining at the time when the support is needed.If support capacity can be consumed,it can also be restored by means of preventive support maintenance(PSM).This concept for cost-effective ground control is introduced and illustrated on operational evidence.Furthermore,how design can impact construction costs and schedule are discussed.Support is installed to provide a safe environment and preserve an operationally functional excavation.It also must assure senior management that investments in high quality support and its maintenance will substantially reduce delays and with it,costs.It is demonstrated that the use of‘gabion-like’support systems can achieve these goals.A technical summary of the‘gabion panel’support system design is presente

关键词： Ground control Rock support Deformation-based support design(DBSD) Gabion panel deep mining Support consumption Preventive support maintenance(PSM) Asset management

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Failure analysis and control measures of deep roadway with composite roof:a case study

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第1期9卷 120-137页

作者： Yongliang Li Renshu Yang Shizheng Fang Hai Lin Shaojie Lu Ye Zhu Maosheng Wang School of Energy and mining Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Civil and Resource Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China

There is great variation in the lithology and lamination thickness of composite roof in coal-measure strata;thus,the roof is prone to delamination and falling,and it is difficult to control the surrounding rock when developing roadway in such rock strata.In deep mining,the stress environment of surrounding rock is complex,and the mechanical response of the rock mass is different from that of the shallow rock mass.For composite-roof roadway excavated in deep rock mass,the key to safe and efficient production of the mine is ensuring the stability of the roadway.The present paper obtains typical failure characteristics and deformation and failure mechanisms of composite-roof roadway with a buried depth of 650 m at Zhaozhuang Coal Mine(Shanxi Province,China).On the basis of determining a reasonable cross-section shape of the roadway and according to the failure characteristics of the composite roof in different regions,the roof is divided into an unstable layer,metastable layer,and stable layer.The controlled unstable layer and metastable layer are regarded as a small structure while the stable layer is regarded as a large structure.A superimposed coupling support technology of large and small structures with a multi-level prestressed bearing arch formed by strong rebar bolts and highly prestressed cable bolts is put forward.The support technology provides good application results in the field.The study thus provides theoretical support and technical guidance for ground control under similar geological conditions.

关键词： deep mining Composite roof Failure mechanism Ground control

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Gas-solid coupling laws for deep high-gas coal seams

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2017年第4期27卷 675-679页

作者： Zhou Aitao Wang Kai Fan Lingpeng T.A. Kiryaeva Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise mining of lntergrown Energy and Resources China University of Mining & Technology Beijing 100083 China School of Resource & Safety Engineering State Key Laboratory of Coal Resources and Mine Safety China University of Mining & Technology Belting 100083 China Chinakal Institute of mining Siberian Branch Russian Academy of Sciences Krasnyi pr. 54 Novosibirsk 630091 Russia

A better understanding of gas-solid coupling laws for deep, gassy coal seams is vital for preventing the compound dynamic disasters such as rock burst and gas outburst. In this paper, a gas-solid coupling theoretical model under the influence of ground stress, gas pressure, and mining depth is established and simulated by using COMSOL Multiphysics software. Research results indicate that under the influence of factors such as high ground stress and gas pressure, the mutual coupling interaction between coal and gas is much more significant, which leads to the emergence of new characteristics of gas compound dynamic disasters. Reducing the ground stress concentration in front of the working face can not only minimize the possibility of rock burst accidents, which are mainly caused by ground stress, but also can weaken the role of ground stress as a barrier to gas, thereby decreasing the number of outburst accidents whose dominant factor is gas. The results have a great theoretical and practical significance in terms of accident prevention, enhanced mine safety, disaster prevention system design, and improved accident emergency plans.

关键词： deep mining Gassy coal seam Gas-solid coupling Dynamic disaster

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Role of stress,slenderness and foliation on large anisotropic deformations at deep underground excavations

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International Journal of mining Science and Technology 2021年第4期31卷 577-590页

作者： Bo Hu Mostafa Sharifzadeh Xiating Feng Wenbin Guo Roo Talebi State Key Laboratory of Mountain Bridge and Tunnel Engineering School of Civil EngineeringChongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China Northern Star Resources Ltd. KalgoorlieWA 6430Australia Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education on Safe mining of deep Metal Mines Northeastern UniversityShenyang 110819China Engineering Research Centre for the Safe Exploitation and Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources at Universities of Inner Mongolia Hulunbuir UniversityHulunbuir 021008China Western Australian School of Mines(WASM) Curtin UniversityKalgoorlieWA 6430Australia

High stress concentrations around underground excavations can result in significant damage to deep hard-rock mines.These conditions can be the result of stopping activities,blasting,seismicity,or other mining activities.Large anisotropic deformation and excavation closure,especially under high-stress conditions,are expected if the excavation is located in a foliated or thin-bedded rock mass.In this research,the behaviour of excavations under deep and high-stress conditions was investigated and categorised.The main purpose was to enhance the existing knowledge of managing large anisotropic deformations and to help prepare suitable measures for handling such contingencies.Numerical simulations using the distinct element method(DEM)and model calibration were performed to reproduce the anisotropic deformation of an ore drive based on the collected field data.Then,the roles of key factors(i.***.stress ratio,slenderness ratio,foliation orientation,and foliation considering excavation orientation)on the large deformation and damage depth of the excavations were investigated.This study found that increasing both the stress ratio and slenderness ratio induced linear increases in wall closure and damage depth,whereas increasing the foliation angle first increases the deformation and damage depth and then reduces them both before and after 45.The wall closure and damage thickness decreased with increasing orientation intercept.The deformation and damage levels were classified based on these factors.

关键词： Large anisotropic deformation Buckling deep mining Slenderness ratio Intercept angle Foliation orientation

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Mechanical properties and supporting effect of CRLD bolts under static pull test conditions

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2017年第1期24卷 1-9页

作者： Xiao-ming Sun Yong Zhang Dong Wang Jun Yang Hui-chen Xu Man-chao He State Key Laboratory for Geomechanics and deep Underground Engineering China University of Mining and TechnologyBeijingBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of mining Disaster Prevention and Control Co-fotmded by Shandong Province and the Ministry of Science and Technology Shandong University of Science and TechnologyQingdao 266590China

A device for supporting soft rock masses combined with a constant resistance structure characterized by constant resistance and large deformation at the end of a steel bar, known as the constant resistance and large deformation（CRLD） bolt, has recently been developed to counteract soft rock swelling that often occurs during deep mining. In order to further study the mechanical properties of the CRLD bolt, we investigated its mechanical properties by comparison with the conventional strength bolt（rebar） using static pull tests on many aspects, including supporting capacity, elongation, radial deformation, and energy absorption. The tests verified that the mechanical defects of the rebar, which include the decrease of bolt diameter, reduction of supporting capacity, and emergence and evolution of fracture until failure during the whole pull process, were caused by the Poisson＇s ratio effect. Due to the special structure set on the CRLD bolt, the bolt presents a seemingly unusual phenomenon of the negative Poisson＇s ratio effect, i.e., the diameter of the constant resistance structure increases while under-pulling. It is the very effect that ensures the extraordinary mechanical properties, including high resistance, large elongation, and strong energy absorption. According to the comparison and analysis of numerical simulation and field test, we can conclude that the CRLD bolt works better than the rebar bolt.

关键词： deep mining bolts mechanical properties rock support static pull test

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