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Progress in understanding epigenetic remodeling during induced pluripotency

Science Bulletin 2015年第20期60卷 1713-1721页

作者： Rui Gao Xiaoyu Liu Shaorong Gao Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital School of Life Sciences and Technology Tongji University School of Life Sciences Tsinghua University National Institute of Biological Sciences

Over 50 years of efforts, cellular reprogram- ruing opens a new door for disease modeling and regen- erative medicine. Although induction of pluripotency by transcription factors has become common, only a small portion of basic mechanisms of epigenetic modifications during this process have been revealed. To clearly under- stand reprogramming and devise ways to promote full transition towards pluripotency, we must gain insight from comprehensive characterizations of cells at distinct repro- gramming stages, which involves gene expression profil- ing, chromatin state maps of key activating and repressive marks, and dna modifications. Here, we review recent advances in epigenetic reprogramming to pluripotency with a focus on the principal molecular regulators and attach importance to the combination of high-throughput sequencing and systematic biology approaches in uncov- ering underlying molecular mechanisms of this unique platform in future researches.

关键词： Induced pluripotency Epigeneticreprogramming Histone modifications dna modifications

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Modificaomics:deciphering the functions of biomolecule modifications

引用

Science China Chemistry 2018年第5期61卷 381-392页

作者： Ting Liu Cheng-Jie Ma Bi-Feng Yuan Yu-Qi Feng Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine(Ministry of Education) Department of ChemistryWuhan University

The spatiotemporal expression of genes is sophisticatedly controlled through three main layers: transcriptional, translational and post-translational. Now increasing chemical modifications are discovered on genomic dna, RNA and proteins. These modifications are recognized as additional layer of regulatory mechanisms in controlling gene expression that defines cell status. So far,more than 150 chemical modifications are identified in nucleic acids,and more than 400 discrete types of modifications are identified in proteins. How these modifications are interpreted are fundamental questions to our understanding of living organisms. The omics sciences of systems biology, including genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics, have been in existence for decades. Due to the large numbers of modifications occurring in dna, RNA and proteins with regulatory roles, we propose the modificaomics from the words of modification and omics. Modificaomics mainly refers to the comprehensive study of the modifications on dna, RNA and proteins. In this review, we conceive modificaomics by introducing the discovered modifications in dna, RNA and proteins as well as summarizing their biological functions. We hope the proposed modificaomics can provide a whole picture of modifications of these biopolymers and simulate the study of the functions of the modifications on dna, RNA and proteins.

关键词： modificaomies dna modifications RNA modifications protein modifications functions

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