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Assessing the relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification of Ordos region, China

Science China Earth Sciences 2009年第6期52卷 855-868页

作者： XU DuanYang KANG XiangWu LIU ZhiLi ZHUANG DaFang PAN JianJun College of Resource and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China Beijing 100038China The National Meteorological Center Beijing 100081China Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Climate change and human activities are driving forces of sandy desertification and the relative role of them in sandy desertification is the hot point in related researches. A study was carried to assess the relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification of Ordos region in China. Potential NPP and the difference between potential and actual NPP were selected as indicators to assess the relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification, respectively. Assessing methods were built based on some scenarios for the reversion and expansion of sandy desertification and the relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification of Ordos region were assessed from 1981 to 2000. The results showed that although some local places experienced an expansion of sandy desertification, the change of sandy desertification of Ordos region from 1981 to 2000 showed a stably reversing trend. The relative role of climate change and human activities in sandy desertification of Ordos region varied at different temporal and spatial scales in the reversion and expansion processes. In the reversion of sandy desertification, climate change was the dominant factor in the period of 1981 to 1990 and the reversed areas mainly induced by climate change including Mu Us sandy land and the transition zone between temperate steppe and temperate deciduous scrubs in north east of Ordos region; however, human activities controlled the reversed process during the period from 1991 to 2000 and the areas mainly induced by human activities distributed in all banners of Ordos region. In the expansion of sandy desertification, human activities were the dominant factor in the period of 1981 to 1990 and the expanded areas mainly included the regions around common boundary of Hanggin, Dalad Banners and Dongsheng City; however, climate change dominated the expansion of sandy desertification from 1991 to 2000, the expanded areas equably d

关键词： Ordos causes of sandy desertification climate change human activities relative role NPP

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desertification HAZARD AND FARMING-GRAZING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN LINGWU-YANCHI REGION OF NINGXIA

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Chinese Geographical Science 1999年第2期9卷 81-87页

作者：单鹏飞温晋林蔡昌俊

In the view of the desertification hazard process in Lingwu Yanchi region of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the paper analyzed the interaction between the physical environment and the human activities, and discussed the social problems of controlling sandy land by using the way of “decreasing farming for increasing grazing” and developing agriculture and animal husbandry. The results indicated that the changes of desertification in the Quaternary geological periods was a kind of climatic geomorphic processes, and a kind of climate human processes in human history, which are mainly controlled by climatic conditions and partly interfered by human economic activities. Both of the physical environment and the human activities have double effects to aggravate or reverse the desertification.

关键词： desertification climatic change human activity social sustainable development Lingwu Yanchi region

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desertification and Sustainable Development of the Heihe River Basin in Arid Northwestern China

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2004年第4期2卷 25-27页

作者： Qi Shanzhong & Luo Fang College of Population, Resources and Environment, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academic of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China College of Population Resources and Environment Shandong Normal University Jinan 250014 China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academic of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

The Heihe River Basin of northwestern China is one of several areas severely affected by desertification. This article outlines the status of desertification in this basin. There are mainly 5 types of desertification in the Heihe River Basin, namely soil and water erosion, sandy desertification, soil aridization, soil salinization and vegetation degradation. Among the 5 types of desertification, the main desertification type is sandy desertification with an area of 10 771.97 km2; Second type is soil salinization with an area of 10 591.82 km2; Next to the soil salinization is the type of soil and water erosion with an area of 5 747.68 km2 and the other types of desertification in the Heihe River Basin are soil aridization with just area of 1 369.96 km2 and vegetation degradation type with an area of 1 490.48 km2 respectively. Both natural and man-made factors are responsible for the causes of desertification development, among which the latter is the main driving force for desertification in the basin.

关键词： desertification Human activities the Heihe River Basin

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desertification Risk Monitoring for NorthShaanxi Province, China, Using NormalizedDifference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

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Journal of China University of Geosciences 2002年第1期13卷 58-66,94页

作者： Mushtak Talib JabbarFaculty of Earth Resources , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074 Faculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan 430074

In this study, the remote sensing is applied to the examination of the relationship between desertification and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in the context of northern Shaanxi Province. This relationship is also examined using spatial analysis methods. A strong negative correlation is found in the largest area desert, indicating that the relationship between desert and NDVI is not a simple linear one and that the correlation coefficient between NDVI and vegetation abundance is significant. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was compared with other vegetation index-based methodologies. NDVI is a valuable first-cut indicator for such systems, although the analysis and interpretation of its relationship to desertification are complex and also based on the detailed analysis of its relationship to ecological zone, vegetation type and season. Conclusions thus made would help to upgrade the methodology as an effective tool for early-warning desertification in the northern Shaanxi Province where a drought is a recurring threat. This methodology includes the integration of NDVI with other socio-economic and bio-physical indicators in CIS, the complementation of desert area data with satellite data, and the analysis of the relationship between NDVI and specific climatic zones, for each season and vegetation type.

关键词： desert desertification remote sensing NDVI China.

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Developing stages and causes of desertification in the Mu Us sandland

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Chinese Science Bulletin 1999年第9期44卷 845-849页

作者： Bo Wu Longjun Ci Chinese Acad Forestry Chinese Res & Dev Ctr Combating Desertificat Beijing 100091 Peoples R China

Based on historical aerial photography of three periods and together with field investigation, the status of desertification development after the 1950s in the Mu Us sandland was analyzed, the difference of the desertification developing speed at two stages was compared, and its possible causes were explored. The results show that the developing speed of desertification from the late 1970s to the early 1990s is apparently slowed down, compared with that from the late 1950s to the late 1970s and there exists an obvious recovery trend at the second stage. The difference between the two stages accounts for severely over-reclaiming, over-grazing and unrestricted cutting during the first stage, which are the main causes of desertification development in the semi-arid steppe and arid desert steppe areas.

关键词： Mu Us sandland desertification developing stage over-reclaiming over-grazing unrestricted cutting.

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Sandy desertification in the north of China

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Science China Earth Sciences 2002年第z1期45卷 23-34页

作者：王涛朱震达吴薇 Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Center of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China

With the economic and social development, desertification exerted increasingly pro-found influences on natural environment and social development and attracted widespread atten-tion of international communities, China, as one of the countries facing severe desertificationproblems, has witnessed some progress in understanding and combating the process of desertifi-cation through many years of hard work. Based on the experiences and research achievements,this paper briefly discusses the causes, developmental processes, damage assessment and con-trol mechanism of desertification in the north of China so as to provide some basic experiences forthe further study of desertification.

关键词： desertification cause and process damage assessment desertifieation control.

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desertification hazard zoning in Sistan Region, Iran

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2012年第5期22卷 885-894页

作者： Seyed Mahmood HOSSEINI Sahar SADRAFSHARI Mehdi FAYZOL.AHPOUR Member of Young Researchers Club Arsanjan Branch Islamic Azad University Arsanjan Irar M.A. student and Member of Young Researchers Club Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran Ph.D student and Member of Young Researchers Club Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran

desertification process as a great problem affects most of the countries in the world. This process has a high rate in arid and semiarid areas. Today, human societies are en- countering the desertification phenomenon as a serious problem which causes various ir- reparable damages to economic and social sectors. In order to assess desertification results in production of different regional models for their application in another region the indices should be re-investigated and adjusted to local conditions. Several models have been de- veloped for desertification evaluation. The present study, attempts to assess quantitatively the desertification process has in an area located at Sistan plain of Iran （Niatak region as a case study） by using Modified MEDALUS method. The obtained results indicated that of the whole studied region （comprising 4819.6 acres）, 2651.56 acres （55%） are located in medium de- sertification intensity class, 1269.48 acres （26.34%） are positioned in severe desertification intensity class, and 898.54 acres （18.64%） are placed in vary severe desertification intensity class.

关键词： desertification modified MEDALUS model desertification process Niatak region

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Assessment of desertification sensitivity using an improved MEDALUS model in Northern China

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2024年第3期16卷 141-148页

作者： NingJing Tan CaiXia Zhang YingYing Wu ZhenTing Wang Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Research Station of Gobi Desert Ecology and Environment Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

Assessment of land sensitivity to desertification is an important step to support desertification monitoring and *** on the Mediterranean desertification and Land Use(MEDALUS)model,we defined four quality indicators(soil,climate,vegetation and management)to evaluate the sensitivity of land in northern China to *** improved MEDALUS via excluding cities from the areas at risk of desertification by means of defining a threshold value for population *** framework,validated in northern China,further optimizes the model to link priority areas and land restoration programmed to support desertification *** found that the four indicators influenced and restricted each other,which jointly affected the distribution of desertification sensitivity in northern *** spatial distribution of sensitivity in northern China showed large regional differences,with clear boundaries and concentrated distributions of regions with high and low sensitivity;the overall sensitivity decreased,with some areas rated as having moderate,severe,and extremely severe sensitivity changing to slight sensitivity;and the influence weight was much higher for the management quality index than for the climate,vegetation,and soil *** suggests that management was the main factor that affected desertification sensitivity in northern China,and that climate factors exacerbated sensitivity,but the factors that are driving the spatial heterogeneity of the influencing factors need further study。

关键词： desertification Sensitivity MEDALUS Factor analysis Northern China

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Remote sensing parameterization of the processes of energy and water cycle over desertification areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2002年第z1期45卷 47-53页

作者：马耀明 Tsukamoto Osamu Ishikawa Hirohiko Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Faculty Sciences Okayama University Okayama 700 Japan Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University Uji Kyoto 611 Japan

In order to understand the processes of land surface-atmosphere interaction over de-sertification area, it is indispensable to utilize of satellite remote sensing. Two scenes of LandsatTM were used to produce a set of maps of surface reflectance, MSAVI, vegetation coverage, sur-face temperature, net radiation, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux. Statisticalanalysis based on these maps revealed some quantitative significant land surface *** developments of the method are also discussed.

关键词： energy and water cycle, desertification area, Landsat TM, field observation.

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The teleconnection between marine silicon supply and desertification in China

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2007年第1期25卷 116-122页

作者：杨东方吴建平陈生涛卢青 School of Environmental and Public Health Wenzhou Medical College Wenzhou 325035 China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center SOA Qingdao 266033 China College of Fishery Science Shanghai Fisheries University Shanghai 200090 China Huanghai Institute of Marine Survey and Engineering Qingdao 266033 China North China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center SOA Qingdao 266033 China

desertification has been notably expanding in China in the recent decade, especially in North China where dust/sand storm （DSS） frequently assaulted local communities. Analyses in marine ecology found that the earth ecosystem could be able to complement nutrient silicon for keeping sustainable development of marine ecosystem, and decreasing CO2 concentration in the atmosphere; as a result, the area of desertification would be enlarged. Modem human being activities have resulted in constant changes in the amount of silicon transport from land into sea, leading to oversupply of nitrogen and phosphorus but silicon in seawater. The proportion of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicon was seriously imbalanced and the limitation of silicon for phytoplankton growth has become more serious. The silicon deficiency has damaged the marine ecosystem in coastal regions and slowed down the carbon sedimentation in the atmosphere of the world. The authors believe that the continual discharge of CO2 into the atmosphere is the cause for the global warming including marine water temperature rise. Consequently, the earth ecosystem would have to trigger its complementary action to resume to the silicon balance by algae bloom in seawater for reducing air and water temperatures. In order to complement nutrient silicon into the sea, the ecosystem would transport silicon via the atmosphere; therefore, the desertification in the inner land is a natural reaction. As marine phytoplankton booming can reduce the CO2 concentration in the atmosphere and further ease the green-house effect, during this process, a large amount of silicon are demanded by the ecosystem, which human being are unable to stop desertification from happening but slow down the progress and ease the risk. Therefore, as an important role in earth ecosystem, people should reduce the CO2 discharge into the atmosphere first; then, the normal function of river transporting silicon must be restored. In this way, the CO2 in the atmospher

关键词： silicon dust/sandstorm (DSS) desertification marine ecosystem earth ecosystem

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