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Origin, evolution, and molecular function of DELLA proteins in plants

The Crop Journal 2022年第2期10卷 287-299页

作者： Huidan Xue Xiang Gao Peng He Guanghui Xiao College of Life Sciences Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi’an 710119ShaanxiChina School of Food and Biological Engineering Shaanxi University of Science and TechnologyXi’an 710021ShaanxiChina School of Ecology and Environment Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi’an 710012ShaanxiChina

Gibberellic acid(GA), a ubiquitous phytohormone, has various effects on regulators of plant growth and development. GAs promote growth by overcoming growth restraint mediated by DELLA proteins(dellas). dellas, in the GRAS family of plant-specific nuclear proteins, are nuclear transcriptional regulators harboring a unique N-terminal GA perception region for binding the GA receptor GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1(GID1) and a C-terminal GRAS domain necessary for GA repression activity via interaction with multiple regulatory proteins. The N-terminal conserved region of dellas evolved to form a mode of GID1/della-mediated GA signaling originating in bryophytes and ferns. Binding of GA to GID1 increases the affinity between dellas and a SCF E3 ubiquitin–ligase complex, thus promoting the eventual destruction of dellas by the 26 S proteasome. dellas negatively regulate GA response by releasing transcription factors to directly activate downstream genes and indirectly regulate GA biosynthesis genes increasing GA responsiveness and feedback control by promoting GID1 transcription. GA communicates extensively with other plant hormones and uses crosstalk to regulate plant growth and development. In this review, we summarize current understanding of evolutionary della-mediated gibberellin signaling and functional diversification of della, focusing primarily on interactions of dellas with diverse phytohormones.

关键词： DELLA proteins GA signaling pathway Cross-talk Plant hormone Growth and development

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The blue light receptor CRY1 interacts with GID1 and DELLA proteins to repress GA signaling during photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2021年第8期14卷 1328-1342页

作者： Ming Zhong Bingjie Zeng Dongying Tang Jiaxin Yang Lina Qu Jindong Yan Xiaochuan Wang Xin Li Xuanming Liu Xiaoying Zhao College of Biology Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental RegulationHunan Hybrid Rape Engineering and Technology Research CenterHunan UniversityChangsha 410082China Shenzhen Institute Hunan UniversityShenzhen 518057China

Light is a critical environmental cue that regulates a variety of diverse plant developmental processes.Cryptochrome 1(CRY1)is the major photoreceptor that mediates blue light-dependent photomorphogenic responses such as the inhibition of hypocotyl elongation.Gibberellin(GA)participates in the repression of photomorphogenesis and promotes hypocotyl elongation.However,the antagonistic interaction between blue light and GA is not well understood.Here,we report that blue light represses GA-induced degradation of the DELLA proteins(dellas),which are key negative regulators in the GA signaling pathway,via CRY1,thereby inhibiting the GA response during hypocotyl elongation.Both in vitro and in vivo biochemical analyses demonstrated that CRY1 physically interacts with GA receptors-GA-INSENSITIVE DWARF 1 proteins(GID1s)-and dellas in a blue light-dependent manner.Furthermore,we showed that CRY1 inhibits the association between GID1s and dellas.Genetically,CRY1 antagonizes the function of GID1s to repress the expression of cell elongation-related genes and thus hypocotyl elongation.Taken together,our findings demonstrate that CRY1 coordinates blue light and GA signali ng for plant photomorphogenesis by stabilizing dellas through the binding and in activation of GID1s,providing new in sights into the mechanism by which blue light antagonizes the function of GA in photomorphogenesis.

关键词： cryptochrome 1 blue light gibberellic acid GID1 DELLA proteins

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The HB40-JUB1 transcriptional regulatory network controls gibberellin homeostasis in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2022年第2期15卷 322-339页

作者： Shuchao Dong Danuse Tarkowska Mastoureh Sedaghatmehr Maryna Welsch Saurabh Gupta Bernd Mueller-Roeber Salma Balazadeh Max-Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology Am Mühlenberg 114476 Potsdam-GolmGermany Institute of Biology Leiden UniversitySylviusweg 722333 BE LeidenThe Netherlands Laboratory of Growth Regulators Czech Academy of SciencesInstitute of Experimental Botany&Palacky UniversityŠlechtitelû2778371 OlomoucCzech Republic University of Potsdam Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyKarl-Liebknecht-Stra?e 24-25Haus 2014476 Potsdam-GolmGermany

The gibberellins(GAs)are phytohormones that play fundamental roles in almost every aspect of plant growth and development.Although GA biosynthetic and signaling pathways are well understood,the mechanisms that control GA homeostasis remain largely unclear in plants.Here,we demonstrate that the homeobox transcription factor(TF)HB40 of the HD-Zip family regulates GA content at two additive con-trol levels in Arabidopsis thaliana.We show that HB40 expression is induced by GA and in turn reduces the levels of endogenous bioactive GAs by simultaneously reducing GA biosynthesis and increasing GA deac-tivation.Consistently,HB40 overexpression leads to typical GA-deficiency traits,such as small rosettes,reduced plant height,delayed flowering,and male sterility.By contrast,a loss-of-function hb40 mutation enhances GA-controlled growth.Genome-wide RNA sequencing combined with molecular-genetic ana-lyses revealed that HB40 directly activates the transcription of JUNGBRUNNEN1(JJUB1),a key TF that re-presses growth by suppressing GA biosynthesis and signaling.HB40 also activates genes encoding GA 2-oxidases(GA2oxs),which are major GA-catabolic enzymes.The effect of HB40 on plant growth is ultimately mediated through the induction of nuclear growth-repressing DELLA proteins.Collectively,our results reveal the important role of the HB40-JUB1 regulatory network in controlling GA homeostasis during plant growth.

关键词： Arabidopsis growth gibberellin homeostasis transcription factor HB40 JUB1 GA 2-oxidase DELLA proteins

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Arabidopsis WRKY Transcription Factors WRKY12 and WRKY13 Oppositely Regulate Flowering under Short-Day Conditions

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Molecular Plant 2016年第11期9卷 1492-1503页

作者： Wei Li Houping Wang Diqiu Yu Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resource and Sustainable Use Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of Sciences Kunming Yunnan 650223 China Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering Hefei University Hefei Anhui 230022 China School of Life Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230027 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China These authors contributed equally to this article.

In plants, photoperiod is an important cue for determining flowering. The floral transition in Arabidopsis thaliana is earlier under long-day （LD） than under short-day （SD） conditions. Flowering of Arabidopsis plants under SD conditions is mainly regulated by the plant hormone gibberellin （GA）. Here, we report two WRKY transcription factors function oppositely in controlling flowering time under SD conditions. Phenotypic analysis showed that disruption of WRKY12 caused a delay in flowering, while loss of WRKY13 function promoted flowering. WRKY12 and WRKY13 displayed negatively correlated expression profiles and function successively to regulate flowering. Molecular and genetic analyses demonstrated that FRUITFULL （FUL） is a direct downstream target gene of WRKY12 and WRKY13. Interestingly, we found that DELLA proteins GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE （GAI） and RGA-LIKE1 （RGL1） interacted with WRKY12 and WRKY13, and their interactions interfered with the transcriptional activity of the WRKY12 and WRKY13. Further studies suggested thatWRKY12 and WRKY13 partly mediated the effect of GA3 on controlling flowering time. Taken together, our results indicate that WRKY12 and WRKY13 oppositely modulate flower- ing time under SD conditions, which at least partially involves the action of GA.

关键词： flowering WRKY transcription factor DELLA proteins gibberellin FUL

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Evolutionarily Conserved della-mediated Gibberellin Signaling in Plants

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008年第7期50卷 825-834页

作者： Xiu-Hua Gao Xian-Zhong Huang Sen-Lin Xiao Xiang-Dong Fu State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology the Chinese Academy of Sciences National Center for Plant Gene Research Beijing 100101 China Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology College of Life Science Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 China

Gibberellins （GAs） play important roles in many essential plant growth and development processes. A family of nuclear growth-repressing DELLA proteins is the key component in GA signaling. GA perception is mediated by GID1, and the key event of GA signaling is the degradation of DELLA proteins via the 26S proteasome pathway. DELLA proteins integrating other plant hormones signaling and environmental cue modulating plant growth and development have been revealed. GA turning on the de-della-repressing system is conserved, and independently establishes step-by-step recruitment of GA-stimulated GID1-della interaction and della growth-repression functions during land plant evolution. These discoveries open new prospects for the understanding of GA action and della-mediated signaling in plants.

关键词： cross-talking DELLA proteins evolution GA signaling GID1.

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Gibberellin indirectly promotes chloroplast biogenesis as ameans to maintain the chloroplast population of expanded cells

Gibberellin indirectly promotes chloroplast biogenesis as am...

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从植物科学到农业发展——2012全国植物生物学大会

作者： Xingshan Jiang~1,Heying Li~2,Ting Wang~(2,5),Changlian Peng~1,Haiyang Wang~(3,4),Hong Wu~(2*),Xiaojing Wang~(1*) 1 Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant Development,College of Life Sciences,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China. 2 State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,China. 3 College of Life Sciences,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China. 4 Department of Molecular,Cellular,and Developmental Biology,Yale University,New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8104,USA.

Chloroplast biogenesis needs to be well coordinated with cell division and cell expansion during plant growth and development to achieve optimal photosynthesis rates.Previous studies showed that gibberellins(GA) regulate many important plant developmental processes,including cell division and cell expansion.However,the relationship between chloroplast biogenesis with cell division and cell expansion and how GA coordinately regulates these processes remain poorly understood.In this study,we showed that chloroplast division was significantly reduced in the GA-deficient mutants of Arabidopsis (gal-3) and rice(dl8-AD),accompanied by reduced expression of several chloroplast division-related genes.However,the chloroplasts of both mutants exhibited increased grana stacking compared to their respective wild-type plants,suggesting that there might be a compensation mechanism linking chloroplast division and grana stacking.A time-lapse analysis showed that cell expansion-related genes tended to be up-regulated earlier and more significantly than the genes related to chloroplast division and cell division in GA-treated gal-3 leaves,suggesting the possibility that GA may promote chloroplast division through their impact on leaf mesophyll cell expansion.Further,our cellular and molecular analysis of the GA-response signaling mutants suggest that RGA and GAI are the major repressors regulating GA-induced chloroplast division,but other DELLA proteins(RGLl,RGL2 and RGL3) also play a role in repressing chloroplast division in Arabidopsis.Taken together,our data show that GA plays a critical role in controlling and coordinating cell division,cell expansion and chloroplast biogenesis through regulating the della protein family in both dicot and monocot plant species.

关键词： gibberellin DELLA proteins chloroplast biogenesis chloroplast division cell expansion grana stacking.

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