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Studies on Tracheary Element of Several Native cycad Species in Australia and Two American Plants

American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 147-174页

作者： Yuyuan Huang Harvey Ottley Yolande Yep Sharon Wilson David Griffiths Nikeeta O’sullivan Yanhua Han Jane Hempel College of Life Sciences Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering Guangzhou China Agricultural College Guangxi University Nanning China George Brown Darwin Botanic Gardens Darwin Australia Palm and cycad Society of the Northern Territory Darwin Australia School of Environment Charles Darwin University Darwin Australia Research Institute for Environment & Livelihoods Charles Darwin University Darwin Australia

Cycas angulata, Cycas armstrongii and Cycas conferta that are native species of Australia were collected in Darwin city of tropical region, Zamia erosa and angiosperm Guaiacum officinale of Zygophyllaceae which are introduced collected in the Darwin Botanic Gardens, and were carried out light microscope and electron microscope observed research to tracheary element and parenchyma tissue cells of leaflet, rachis and stem. The results showed that there are more vessel elements in their xylems;the length of vessel element of cycadaceae with Zamiaceae are not obvious difference, the length of vessel element of angiosperm Guaiacum officinale is shorter, but their diameter is smaller, we thought that the characteristics which the length of vessel element is longer and the diameter is bigger are more evolutionary, because thus vessel, their number which interconnected points of possessed perforations’ end walls of vessel element is fewer, and the passageway space is larger so that the conduction speed and quantity are faster and more in unit length range and unit time. These vessels are annular vessels, spiral vessels, scalariform vessels, reticular vessels, pitted vessels and scalariform-pitted vessels, etc. In the transverse section, the vessel elements of cycadaceae and Zamiaceae are circular, polygonous, more similar to vessel characteristics of leaf and stem of some angiosperms;however, the number of circular vessel of Guaiacum officinale is more, about occupy 35%, others are polygonous. The diameter of vessel is that annular vessel, spiral vessel is least, scalariform vessel or scalariform-reticular vessel is medium, reticular vessel and pitted vessel are the biggest, the characteristic is same as angiosperm. In Cycas conferta, etc. plants often can see several large perforations in the

关键词： cycad Evolution Vessel Native Species Structural Characteristics

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Jurastrobus chenii *** ***., a cycadalean pollen cone connected with vegetative parts from Inner Mongolia,China

Jurastrobus chenii *** ***., a cycadalean pollen cone connec...

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第五届全国苏铁学术会议

作者： Xin Wang~1 Nan Li~2 Jinzhong Cui~3 1 State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,39 Beijing Dong Road,Nanjing 210008,PR China 2 Shenzhen Fairy Lake Botanical Garden,Shenzhen 518004,China 3 Insitute of Botany,20 Nanxincun,Xiangshan,Beijing 100093,China

cycads used to be a dominant plant group during the *** fossils of cycads or their allies have been documented,but most of them are *** organs are scarce and mostly found detached from vegetative *** cycad reproductive parts,ovulate cones are rather frequently seen in the fossil record,while pollen cones are *** we report a cycadalean pollen cone connected with its vegetative parts from the lower Jurassic of Inner Mongolia,*** pollen cone is situated on the terminal of the stem and in the center of the leaf *** pinnate leaves have lateral leaflets attached decurrently and almost perpendicularly to the *** have parallel venation with rare interconnection,and are hypostomatic bearing haplocheilic stomata with a volcano-crater-like *** epidermal cells of the leaflets are elongate on the adaxial surface and almost isodiametric on the abaxial surface,with straight cell *** elongate oval cone has a slender stalk,with microsporophylls helically arranged around the cone *** situ pollen grain from the microsporophyll is oval and *** these characters demonstrate a strong affinity to the extant *** is the first record of cycadalean pollen cone with in situ pollen grain and organically connected with its vegetative parts,and therefore sheds new light on the general morphology and evolution of cycad plants.

关键词： Jurastrobus cycad pollen cone foliage Inner Mongolia environmental change Jurassic

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