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Quantization and Event-Triggered Policy Design for Encrypted Networked Control

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2024年第4期11卷 946-955页

作者： Yongxia Shi Ehsan Nekouei the Department of Electrical Engineering City University of Hong KongHong KongChina

This paper proposes a novel event-driven encrypted control framework for linear networked control systems(NCSs),which relies on two modified uniform quantization policies,the Paillier cryptosystem,and an event-triggered *** to the fact that only integers can work in the Pailler cryptosystem,both the real-valued control gain and system state need to be first quantized before *** is dramatically different from the existing quantized control methods,where only the quantization of a single value,e.g.,the control input or the system state,is *** handle this issue,static and dynamic quantization policies are presented,which achieve the desired integer conversions and guarantee asymptotic convergence of the quantized system state to the ***,the quantized system state is encrypted and sent to the controller when the triggering condition,specified by a state-based event-triggered strategy,is *** doing so,not only the security and confidentiality of data transmitted over the communication network are protected,but also the ciphertext expansion phenomenon can be ***,by tactfully designing the quantization sensitivities and triggering error,the proposed event-driven encrypted control framework ensures the asymptotic stability of the overall closedloop ***,a simulation example of the secure motion control for an inverted pendulum cart system is presented to evaluate the effectiveness of the theoretical results.

关键词： cyber-security encrypted control event-triggered control(ETC) networked control systems(NCSs) semi-homomorphic encryption

A Two-stage Kalman Filter for cyber-attack Detection in Automatic Generation Control System

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第1期10卷 50-59页

作者： Ayyarao S.L.V.Tummala Ravi Kiran Inapakurthi GMR Institute of Technology RajamSrikakulamAndhra PradeshIndia Raghu Engineering College DakamarriVisakhapatnamAndhra PradeshIndia

Communication plays a vital role in incorporating smartness into the interconnected power ***,historical records prove that the data transfer has always been vulnerable to *** these cyber-attacks are identified and cordoned off,they may lead to black-out and result in national security *** paper proposes an optimal two-stage Kalman filter(OTS-KF)for simultaneous state and cyber-attack estimation in automatic generation control(AGC)***/cyber-attacks are modeled as unknown inputs in the AGC *** types of cyber-attacks,i.e.,false data injection(FDI),data replay attack,denial of service(DoS),scaling,and ramp attacks,are injected into the measurements and estimated using *** the load variations of each area are seldom available,OTS-KF is reformulated to estimate the states and outliers along with the load variations of the *** proposed technique is validated on the benchmark two-area,three-area,and five-area power system *** simulation results under various test conditions demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed filter.

关键词： cyber-security automatic generation control(AGC) load frequency control false data injection cyber-attack detection

Detection and Localization of Load Redistribution Attacks on Large-scale Systems

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Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy 2022年第2期10卷 361-370页

作者： Andrea Pinceti Lalitha Sankar Oliver Kosut the School of Electrical Computer and Energy EngineeringArizona State UniversityTempeUSA

A nearest-neighbor-based detector against load redistribution attacks is *** detector is designed to scale from small-scale to very large-scale systems while guaranteeing consistent detection *** testing is performed on a realistic large-scale system to evaluate the perfor-mance of the proposed detector against a wide range of attacks,from simple random noise attacks to sophisticated load redistribution *** detection capability is analyzed against different attack parameters to evaluate its sensitivity.A statistical test that leverages the proposed detector is introduced to identify which loads are likely to have been maliciously modified,thus,localizing the attack *** test is based on ascribing to each load a risk measure(probability of being attacked)and then computing the best posterior likelihood that minimizes log-loss.

关键词： Attack detection cyber-security false data injection(FDI)attack load redistribution attack machine learning nearest neighbor

Intelligent Solution System for Cloud security Based on Equity Distribution:Model and Algorithms

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第1期78卷 1461-1479页

作者： Sarah Mustafa Eljack Mahdi Jemmali Mohsen Denden Mutasim Al Sadig Abdullah M.Algashami Sadok Turki Department of Computer Science and Information College of Science at ZulfiMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computing and InformaticsUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates Higher Institute of Computer Science and Mathematics University of MonastirMonastir5000Tunisia Mars Laboratory University of SousseSousseTunisia Department of Logistic and Maintenance UFR MIM at MetzUniversity of LorraineMetzFrance Department of Computer and Information Technologies College of Telecommunicationand Information Riyadh CTITechnical and Vocational Training Corporation TVTCRiyadh12464Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Higher Institute of Applied Sciences of SousseSousse UniversitySousse4000Tunisia

In the cloud environment,ensuring a high level of data security is in high *** planning storage optimization is part of the whole security process in the cloud *** enables data security by avoiding the risk of data loss and data *** development of data flow scheduling approaches in the cloud environment taking security parameters into account is *** our work,we propose a data scheduling model for the cloud *** is made up of three parts that together help dispatch user data flow to the appropriate *** first component is the Collector Agent whichmust periodically collect information on the state of the network *** second one is the monitoring agent which must then analyze,classify,and make a decision on the state of the link and finally transmit this information to the *** third one is the scheduler who must consider previous information to transfer user data,including fair distribution and reliable *** should be noted that each part of the proposedmodel requires the development of its *** this article,we are interested in the development of data transfer algorithms,including fairness distribution with the consideration of a stable link *** algorithms are based on the grouping of transmitted files and the iterative *** proposed algorithms showthe performances to obtain an approximate solution to the studied problem which is an NP-hard(Non-Polynomial solution)*** experimental results show that the best algorithm is the half-grouped minimum excluding(HME),with a percentage of 91.3%,an average deviation of 0.042,and an execution time of 0.001 s.

关键词： cyber-security cloud computing cloud security algorithms heuristics

Usability Evaluation Through Fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS Approach: security Requirement Perspective

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第7期68卷 1203-1218页

作者： Yoosef BAbushark Asif Irshad Khan Fawaz Jaber Alsolami Abdulmohsen Almalawi Md Mottahir Alam Alka Agrawal Rajeev Kumar Raees Ahmad Khan Department of Computer Science Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty of EngineeringKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddah21589Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknow226025India Department of Computer Application Shri Ramswaroop Memorial UniversityBarabanki225003India

Most of the security strategies today are primarily designed to provide security protection,rather than to solve one of the basic security issues related to adequate software product *** models,frameworks and methodologies have been introduced by the researchers for a secure and sustainable software development life *** it is important to assess the usability of the popular security requirements engineering(SRE)approaches.A significant factor in the management and handling of successful security requirements is the assessment of security requirements engineering method *** assessment will allow changes to the engineering process of security *** consistency of security requirements depends heavily on the usability of security requirements *** SRE approaches are available for use and each approach takes into account several factors of usability but does not cover every element of *** seems to be no realistic implementation of such models because the concept of usability is not *** paper aims at specifying the different taxonomy of usability and design hierarchical usability *** taxonomy takes into account the common quality assessment parameters that combine variables,attributes,and characteristics identified in different approaches used for security requirements *** multiple-criteria decision-making(MCDM)model used in this paper for usability evaluation is called the fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS model which can conveniently be incorporated into the current approach of software *** significant usability criteria are identified and used to evaluate the six different *** strategies are graded as per their expected values of usability.

关键词： security requirements engineering cyber-security usability fuzzy logic MCDM

Windows 10’s Browser Forensic Analysis for Tracing P2P Networks’Anonymous Attacks

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第7期72卷 1251-1273页

作者： Saima Kauser Tauqeer Safdar Malik Mohd Hilmi Hasan Emelia Akashah P.Akhir Syed Muhammad Husnain Kazmi Air University Department of Computer ScienceMultan60000Pakistan Centre for Research in Data Science Department of Computer and Information SciencesUniversiti Teknologi PETRONASSeri IskandarPerak32610Malaysia IAR Systems MästaStockholmStation Gatan 2319542Sweden

A web browser is the most basic tool for accessing the internet from any of the machines/***,data breaches have been reported frequently from users who are concerned about their personal information,as well as threats from criminal *** loss of data and information to an innocent user comes under the jurisdiction of *** kinds of cyber-attacks are far more dangerous when it comes to the many types of devices employed in an internet of things(IoT)*** surveillance of IoT devices and forensic tools are required to overcome the issues pertaining to secure data and *** to peer(P2P)applications have been utilized for criminal operations on the ***,it is a challenge for a forensic investigator to perform forensic analysis of the evolving hardware and software platforms for *** identity concealment and privacy protection,the Onion Router(Tor)and Chrome with the Invisible Internet Project(I2P)as the foundation browser are often *** is required to determine whether Tor is truly anonymous and private as they *** people,on the other hand,utilize the Tor browser for evil *** and techniques are available for the collection of artifacts,identifying problem areas,further processing and analysis of data on the computer and *** research tried to explore a few tools for the tracing of I2P activities over computer on windows 10 that reflects IoT *** to the results of this research,it leaves an excessive amount of important digital evidence on the operating system that can be exploited to attack the information of *** research is based on windows operating system and does not support other operating systems.

关键词： cyber-security peer-to-peer invisible internet project(I2P) forensic analysis the onion router(Tor)

Managing security-Risks for Improving security-Durability of Institutional Web-Applications: Design Perspective

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2021年第2期66卷 1849-1865页

作者： Abdulaziz Attaallah Abdullah Algarni Raees Ahmad Khan Faculty of Computing and Information Technology King Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Information Technology Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar UniversityLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

The advanced technological need,exacerbated by the flexible time constraints,leads to several more design level unexplored *** is an extremely vital component in software development;we must take charge of security and therefore analysis of software security risk assumes utmost *** order to handle the cyber-security risk of the web application and protect individuals,information and properties effectively,one must consider what needs to be secured,what are the perceived threats and the protection of *** preparation plans,implements,tracks,updates and consistently develops safety risk management *** management must be interpreted as the major component for tackling security *** particular,during application development,security is considered as an add-on but not the main *** is important for the researchers to stress on the consideration of protection right from the earlier developmental stages of the *** approach will help in designing software which can itself combat threats and does not depend on external security ***,it is essential to evaluate the impact of security risks during software *** this paper the researchers have used the hybrid Fuzzy AHPTOPSIS method to evaluate the risks for improving security durability of different Institutional Web *** addition,the e-component of security risk is measured on software durability,and vice *** paper’s findings will prove to be valuable for enhancing the security durability of different web applications.

关键词： Web applications durability cyber-security risk fuzzy logic decision-making approach

Machine Learning Models for Heterogenous Network security Anomaly Detection

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第6期12卷 38-58页

作者： Mercy Diligence Ogah Joe Essien Martin Ogharandukun Monday Abdullahi Department of Computer Science Veritas University Abuja Nigeria Department of Pure and Applied Physics Veritas University Abuja Nigeria Department of Computer Science Air Force Institute of Technology Kaduna Nigeria

The increasing amount and intricacy of network traffic in the modern digital era have worsened the difficulty of identifying abnormal behaviours that may indicate potential security breaches or operational interruptions. Conventional detection approaches face challenges in keeping up with the ever-changing strategies of cyber-attacks, resulting in heightened susceptibility and significant harm to network infrastructures. In order to tackle this urgent issue, this project focused on developing an effective anomaly detection system that utilizes Machine Learning technology. The suggested model utilizes contemporary machine learning algorithms and frameworks to autonomously detect deviations from typical network behaviour. It promptly identifies anomalous activities that may indicate security breaches or performance difficulties. The solution entails a multi-faceted approach encompassing data collection, preprocessing, feature engineering, model training, and evaluation. By utilizing machine learning methods, the model is trained on a wide range of datasets that include both regular and abnormal network traffic patterns. This training ensures that the model can adapt to numerous scenarios. The main priority is to ensure that the system is functional and efficient, with a particular emphasis on reducing false positives to avoid unwanted alerts. Additionally, efforts are directed on improving anomaly detection accuracy so that the model can consistently distinguish between potentially harmful and benign activity. This project aims to greatly strengthen network security by addressing emerging cyber threats and improving their resilience and reliability.

关键词： cyber-security Network Anomaly Detection Machine Learning Random Forest Decision Tree Gaussian Naive Bayes

Optimizing Network security via Ensemble Learning: A Nexus with Intrusion Detection

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Journal of Information security 2024年第4期15卷 545-556页

作者： Anu Baluguri Vasudha Pasumarthy Indranil Roy Bidyut Gupta Nick Rahimi School of Computing Sciences and Computing Engineering University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg USA Department of Computer Science Southeast Missouri State University Cape Girardeau USA School of Computing Southern Illinois University Carbondale USA

Network intrusion detection systems need to be updated due to the rise in cyber threats. In order to improve detection accuracy, this research presents a strong strategy that makes use of a stacked ensemble method, which combines the advantages of several machine learning models. The ensemble is made up of various base models, such as Decision Trees, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLP), and Naive Bayes, each of which offers a distinct perspective on the properties of the data. The research adheres to a methodical workflow that begins with thorough data preprocessing to guarantee the accuracy and applicability of the data. In order to extract useful attributes from network traffic data—which are essential for efficient model training—feature engineering is used. The ensemble approach combines these models by training a Logistic Regression model meta-learner on base model predictions. In addition to increasing prediction accuracy, this tiered approach helps get around the drawbacks that come with using individual models. High accuracy, precision, and recall are shown in the model’s evaluation of a network intrusion dataset, indicating the model’s efficacy in identifying malicious activity. Cross-validation is used to make sure the models are reliable and well-generalized to new, untested data. In addition to advancing cybersecurity, the research establishes a foundation for the implementation of flexible and scalable intrusion detection systems. This hybrid, stacked ensemble model has a lot of potential for improving cyberattack prevention, lowering the likelihood of cyberattacks, and offering a scalable solution that can be adjusted to meet new threats and technological advancements.

关键词： Machine Learning cyber-security Data Preprocessing Model Training