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斑马鱼对放射性核素cs的浓集与排出动力学研究

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清华大学学报(自然科学版) 2024年

作者：冯青靓龙泽宇曹少飞贡文静宋沁楠中国辐射防护研究院国家环境保护辐射环境与健康重点实验室中国辐射防护研究院辐射安全与防护山西省重点实验室

核能发电实现经济效益增长的同时,也存在使得放射性物质进入核电站附近水域的风险,对生态环境产生了一定的影响。斑马鱼作为实验室常用的水生模式生物,对外界环境变化十分敏感,可起到理想的环境监测指示作用。该文探究了斑马鱼对核电站... 详细信息

核能发电实现经济效益增长的同时,也存在使得放射性物质进入核电站附近水域的风险,对生态环境产生了一定的影响。斑马鱼作为实验室常用的水生模式生物,对外界环境变化十分敏感,可起到理想的环境监测指示作用。该文探究了斑马鱼对核电站液态流出物中主要放射性核素之一的137cs的浓集与排出动力学过程。通过对养殖方法和装置进行设计,实现了斑马鱼在放射性水体条件下的养殖,并以活体检测的方式对斑马鱼体内的137cs活度进行定期测量。结果显示:在放射性活度浓度约1 000 Bq/L的养殖条件下,浓集实验初期斑马鱼对137cs的吸收较快,其体内137cs比活度呈直线上升趋势,直至第50 d左右基本保持不变,对应的生物浓集系数为（5.81±0.23）L/kg;排出实验初期斑马鱼体内137cs比活度下降较快,但从第60 d左右下降趋势开始变得不明显,最终趋于平缓。整体表现出斑马鱼对137cs富集水平相对较低,但不易排出的特点。该实验可为核电发展对水生生物的影响评估以及水环境评价工作提供一定的参考。

关键词：斑马鱼 cs 浓集动力学排出动力学

二氧化硅-海藻酸钙负载磷钨酸铵复合吸附剂制备及其吸附cs的研究

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原子能科学技术 2024年

作者：刁新雅范烨郝乐存赵昕靳强陈宗元郭治军兰州大学教育部稀有同位素前沿科学中心兰州大学核科学与技术学院放射化学与核环境研究所

高放废液中放射性铯的分离提取对于高放废液的安全处置具有重要意义。针对利用粉末状无机离子交换剂去除高放废液中cs+所面临的机械强度差、易造成工业柱堵塞的问题，本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法将磷钨酸铵细晶封装到二氧化硅-海藻酸钙杂化... 详细信息

高放废液中放射性铯的分离提取对于高放废液的安全处置具有重要意义。针对利用粉末状无机离子交换剂去除高放废液中cs+所面临的机械强度差、易造成工业柱堵塞的问题，本研究采用溶胶-凝胶法将磷钨酸铵细晶封装到二氧化硅-海藻酸钙杂化材料中，制备了一种毫米级新型磷钨酸铵复合吸附剂。通过SEM、FT-IR、XRD、XRF、N2-吸附/解吸等温线、颗粒强度测定仪等表征手段研究了吸附剂的结构特性，并结合静态吸附实验和动态柱吸附实验考察了所制备吸附剂在强酸性溶液中对cs+的吸附性能。表征结果显示，支撑材料中二氧化硅的加入可有效改善海藻酸盐基质的机械性能。cs+在磷钨酸铵复合吸附剂上的吸附动力学过程符合准二级动力学模型，吸附可在12 h内达到平衡。在3.0 mol/L的HNO3溶液中，该吸附剂对cs+的静态和动态交换容量分别达22.9 mg/g和17.3 mg/g。磷钨酸铵复合吸附剂对cs+表现出较高的选择性，模拟高放废液中cs+与其他金属离子的分离因子均大于42。以上结果表明本文所制备的吸附剂具有较好的工业应用潜力。

关键词： cs 磷钨酸铵二氧化硅-海藻酸钙杂化基质高放废液吸附

cs796keV符合修正因子与源半径和高度关系研究

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核电子学与探测技术 2024年

作者：杜云武朱杰毕朝文王亮罗茂丹毛万冲朱小铰四川省辐射环境管理监测中心站

为准确测量源134cs活度浓度，研究源134cs特征γ射线符合修正因子与源半径和高度关系。针对其796 keV γ射线，依据衰变纲图分解134cs衰变为三个过程，采用蒙特卡罗仿真30种不同半径和高度源134cs衰变过程，记录每个过程无符合计数和符... 详细信息

为准确测量源134cs活度浓度，研究源134cs特征γ射线符合修正因子与源半径和高度关系。针对其796 keV γ射线，依据衰变纲图分解134cs衰变为三个过程，采用蒙特卡罗仿真30种不同半径和高度源134cs衰变过程，记录每个过程无符合计数和符合计数，开展源134cs γ能谱特征峰和符合修正分析。研究表明：134csγ能谱796 keV特征峰由三个不同衰变过程决定，并且每个均有发生符合相加几率；源134cs 796 keV γ射线符合修正因子与源半径和高度为二元五次多项式关系，源高度对符合修正因子影响较大，源半径对符合修正因子影响相对较小。

关键词：源半径和高度 cs 特征γ能峰符合修正

Interfacial Voids Trigger Carbon-Based, All-Inorganic cs Pb IBr2 Perovskite Solar Cells with Photovoltage Exceeding 1.33 V

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第7期12卷 121-134页

作者： Weidong Zhu Zeyang Zhang Dandan Chen Wenming Chai Dazheng Chen Jincheng Zhang Chunfu Zhang Yue Hao State Key Discipline Laboratory of Wide Band Gap Semiconductor Technology and Shaanxi Joint Key Laboratory of Graphene School of MicroelectronicsXidian UniversityXi’an 710071People’s Republic of China College of Science Xi’an Shiyou UniversityXi’an 710065ShaanxiPeople’s Republic of China

A novel interface design is proposed for carbon-based,all-inorganic csPbIBr2 perovskite solar cells(PScs)by introducing interfacial voids between TiO2 electron transport layer and csPbIBr2 *** with the general interfacial engineering strategies,this design exempts any extra modification layer in final *** importantly,the interfacial voids produced by thermal decomposition of 2-phenylethylammonium iodide trigger three beneficial e ***,they promote the light scattering in csPbIBr2 film and thereby boost absorption ability of the resulting csPbIBr2 ***,they suppress recombination of charge carriers and thus reduce dark saturation current density(J0)of the ***,interfacial voids enlarge built-in potential(Vbi)of the PScs,awarding increased driving force for dissociating photo-generated charge ***,the PSC yields the optimized e ciency of 10.20%coupled with an open-circuit voltage(Voc)of 1.338 *** Voc achieved herein represents the best value among csPbIBr2 PScs reported ***,the non-encapsulated PScs exhibit an excellent stability against light,thermal,and humidity stresses,since it remains^97%or^94%of its initial e ciency after being heated at 85℃for 12 h or stored in ambient atmosphere with relative humidity of 30–40%for 60 days,respectively.

关键词： All-inorganic perovskite solar cells cs Pb IBr2 Photovoltage Interfacial engineering Stability

Molecule opacity study on low-lying states of cs

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第10期31卷 362-370页

作者： Rui Li Jiqun Sang Xiaohe Lin Jianjun Li Guiying Liang Yong Wu Department of Physics College of ScienceQiqihar UniversityQiqihar 161006China National Key Laboratory of Computational Physics Institute of Applied Physics and Computational MathematicsBeijing 100088China Faculty of Foundation Space Engineering UniversityBeijing 101416China School of Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Jilin Engineering Normal UniversityChangchun 130052China HEDPS Center for Applied Physics and TechnologyPeking UniversityBeijing 100084China

cs molecule, which plays a key role in atmospheric and astrophysical circumstances, has drawn great attention for long time. Owing to its large state density, the detailed information of the electronic structure of cs is still lacking. In this work, the high-level MRCI+Q method is used to compute the potential energy curves, dipole moments and transition dipole moments of singlet and triplet states correlated with the lowest dissociation limit of cs, based on which high accurate vibration-rotation levels and spectroscopic constants of bound states are evaluated. The opacity of cs relevant to atmospheric circumstance is computed at a pressure of 100 atms for different temperatures. With the increase of temperature,band systems from different transitions mingle with each other, and band boundaries become blurred, which are originated from the increased population on vibrational excited states and electronic excited states at high temperature.

关键词： cs transition dipole moment opacity excited state

Exploration of High-Harmonic Generation from the cs2 Molecule by the Lewenstein Method in Two-Color Circularly Polarized Laser Field

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Chinese Physics Letters 2017年第1期34卷 65-68页

作者：张宏丹郭静史岩杜慧刘海风黄旭日刘学深景俊 Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Jilin UniversityChangehun 130012 Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin UniversityChangchun 130012 National Center of Quality Supervision and Inspection of Automobile Spare Parts Changchun 130012

The high harmonic generation (HHG) from the cs2 molecule in intense laser fields is investigated using the extended Lewenstein method. The initial state is the highest-occupied molecular orbital of the cs2 molecule, which can be well described by Gaussian wave packet using GAMESS-UK package. Compared with the case of the elliptical laser, the HHG can be extended in two-color circularly polarized laser field. The time-frequency analysis and classical electron trajectory as well as the ionization yield curve are also presented to further explain the underlying mechanism. After adding a static electric field on the z-direction, the single quantum path control is realized and the supercontinuum spectra are obtained. Moreover, an isolated 110 as pulse can be obtained by superposing the harmonics from 130th to 180th order.

关键词： Exploration of High-Harmonic Generation from the cs2 Molecule by the Lewenstein Method in Two-Color Circularly Polarized Laser Field cs

Theory for superconductivity in alkali chromium arsenides A2Cr3As3 (A = K, Rb, cs)

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Science Bulletin 2017年第3期62卷 208-211页

作者： Yi Zhou Chao Cao Fu-Chun Zhang Department of Physics Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing 210093 China Department of Physics Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 310036 China

Recently,CrAs based superconductors have attracted much *** itself is a 3D antiferromagnet(AFM),which becomes superconducting(SC)under modest pressure with T_C^2 K[1].Subsequently,a new family of quasi-lD superconductors A_2Cr_3As_3(A=K,Rb,cs)has been discovered at ambient pressure with T_c up to 6.1 K[2-4].The key building block of

关键词：氧化物高温超导体 Rb cs 砷化物环境压力铬碱 AFM

Structure of Atactic Polystyrene Film Formed from aPS/cs_2 Gel

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Chinese Chemical Letters 1996年第10期7卷 942-943页

作者： Yan Xiang WANG Wen Hui SONG De Yan SHEN(Polymer Physics Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080) Polymer Physics Laboratory Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Beijing 100080

Novel ordered structure was detected in atactic polystyrene(aPS)formed from aPS/cs2 gel,the ordered structure is constructed through stacks of stereoregular segments by accepting TTGG type conformation. Another anomalous phenomenon was that many particles with different shape and size formed on surface of the film, these were some special aggregates with more orderedstructure.

关键词：梗梗 Structure of Atactic Polystyrene Film Formed from aPS/cs2 Gel cs

Energy-pooling collisions in Rb-cs vapor mixture Rb(5P_J)+cs(6P_(3/2))→Rb(5S_(1/2))+cs(nl_(J'))

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Chinese Optics Letters 2006年第9期4卷 501-504页

作者：沈异凡戴康穆保霞王淑英崔秀花 Department of Physics Xinjiang University

Rate coefficients for energy-pooling （EP） collisions Rb（5PJ）＋ cs（6P3/2） →Rb（5S1/2）＋ cs（nlJ^1） have been measured. Atoms were excited to Rb（5PJ） and cs（6P3/2） states using two single-mode diode lasers. To isolate the heteronuclear contribution in the fluorescence spectrum, a double-modulation technique has been adopted. The excited-atom density and spatial distribution are mapped by monitoring the absorption of a counterpropagating single-mode diode laser beam, tuned to Rb（5PJ→7S1/2） and cs（6P3/2→8S1/2） transitions respectively, which could be translated parallelly to the pump beams. The excited atom densities are combined with the measured fluorescence ratios to determine cross sections for the EP processes. It was found that Rb（5P1/2）＋cs（6Pa/2） collisions are more efficient than Rb（5Pa/2）＋cs（6P3/2） collisions for populating cs（4F5/2）, while the opposite is true for populating cs（4F7/2）.

关键词： cs nl Energy-pooling collisions in Rb-cs vapor mixture Rb SPJ