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Genetic Contribution of Paleopolyploidy to Adaptive Evolution in Angiosperms

Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 59-71页

作者： Shengdan Wu Baocai Han Yuannian Jiao State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Ancient whole-genome duplications (WGDs or polyploidy) are prevalent in plants, and some WGDs occurred during the timing of severe global environmental changes. It has been suggested that WGDs may have contributed to plant adaptation. However, this still lacks empirical evidence at the genetic level to support the hypothesis. Here, we investigated the survivors of gene duplicates from multiple ancient WGD events on the major branches of angiosperm phylogeny, and aimed to explore genetic evidence supporting the significance of polyploidy. Duplicated genes co-retained from three waves of independent WGDs (～120 million years ago [Ma], ～66, and cretaceous-paleocene boundary, when the global cooling and darkness were the two main stresses. Moreover, the commonly retained duplicates could be key factors which may have contributed to the robustness of the critical stress-related pathways. In addition, genome-wide transcription factors (TFs) functioning in stresses tend to retain duplicates after waves of WGDs, and the coselected gene duplicates in many lineages may play critical roles during severe environmental stresses. Collectively, these results shed new light on the significant contribution of paleopolyploidy to plant adaptation during global environmental changes in the evolutionary history of angiosperms.

关键词： whole-genome duplication paleopolyploidy adaptive evolution phylogenomic cretaceous-paleocene boundary gene regulatory network

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A Transcriptional Network Promotes Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Tomato Flesh

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Molecular Plant 2020年第1期13卷 42-58页

作者： Chuanlong Sun Lei Deng Minmin Du Jiuhai Zhao Qian Chen Tingting Huang Hongling Jiang Chang-Bao Li Chuanyou Li State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics National Centre for Plant Gene Research(Beijing)Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyInnovation Academy for Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(North China) Ministry of AgricultureBeijing Vegetable Research CenterBeijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology College of AgronomyShandong Agricultural UniversityTai'anShandong Province 271018China lnstitute of Vegetable Qingdao Academy of Agricultural SciencesQingdaoShandong Province 266100China

Dietary anthocyanins are important health-promoting antioxidants that make a major contribution to the quality of fruits. It is intriguing that most tomato cultivars do not produce anthocyanins in fruit. However, the purple tomato variety Indigo Rose, which has the dominant Aft locus combined with the recessive atv locus from wild tomato species, exhibits light-dependent anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin. Here, we report that Aft encodes a functional anthocyanin activator named SlAN2-like, while atv encodes a nonfunctional version of the anthocyanin repressor SlMYBATV. The expression of SlAN2-like is responsive to light, and the functional SlAN2-like can activate the expression of both anthocyanin biosynthetic genes and their regulatory genes, suggesting that SlAN2-like acts as a master regulator in the activation of anthocyanin biosynthesis. We further showed that cultivated tomatoes contain nonfunctional alleles of SlAN2-like and therefore fail to produce anthocyanins. Consistently, expression of a functional SlAN2-like gene driven by the fruit-specific promoter in a tomato cultivar led to the activation of the entire anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway and high-level accumulation of anthocyanins in both the peel and flesh. Taken together, our study exemplifies that efficient engineering of complex metabolic pathways could be achieved through tissue-specific expression of master transcriptional regulators.

关键词： whole-genome duplication paleopolyploidy adaptive evolution phylogenomic cretaceous-paleocene boundary gene regulatory network

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Recognition of trench basins in collisional orogens:Insights from the Yarlung Zangbo suture zone in southern Tibet

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Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第12期63卷 2017-2028页

作者： Xiumian Hu Wei An Eduardo Garzanti Qun Liu Institute of Continental Geodynamics State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits ResearchSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing210023China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universitàdi Milano-BicoccaMilano20126Italy

Trench basin,as an important sedimentary repository in oceanic subduction zones,documents faithfully the evolution of paleodrainage and paleogeographic information.Because of the frequent intense deformation during and after deposition,the recognition of trench-basin strata in orogenic belts is quite challenging.Several trench-fill deposits have been identified from the Yarlung Zangbo suture in southern Tibet,which can be classified into two types based on major differences in formation timing and tectonic setting.The first type developed during subduction of the Neotethyan oceanic slab in the cretaceous(e.g.,the Jiachala,Rongmawa,and Luogangcuo formations),and the second type developed during the initial stage of the India-Asia collision in the Palaeogene(e.g.,the Sangdanlin-Zheya formations).The former was originally deposited on the subducting oceanic crust and then accreted as tectonic slices into the subduction complex;the latter was deposited unconformably on the continental margin of the subducting Indian plate and then involved in the subduction complex during the continental collision.Typical lithologies of trench-basin fills include abyssal chert,siliceous shale,silty to sandy turbidites,debris flows deposits,and slump deposits without carbonate.Detritus feeding these basins were chiefly from the uplifted terrane in the upper plate.This paper summarizes the geological features of trench basins developed in southern Tibet and proposes criteria for recognizing trench-basins in collisional orogens.

关键词： Trench basin.Provenance analysis Yarlung Zangbo suture zone Southern Tibet cretaceous-paleocene Himalayan orogen

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