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Comparison of “Normal” craniocerebral Computed Tomography of Deceased and Living Individuals

Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2020年第4期6卷 111-116页

作者： Xiaofei Liu Wenju Jin Zhiyuan Xia Lan Du Chunsheng Li Qing Chen Li Liu Department of Forensic Pathology Criminal Investigation Corps of Beijing Public Security BureauBeijingChina Dian Research Center for Postmortem Imaging and Angiography Zhejiang Dian Institute of Forensic SciencesHangzhouChina Haidian Division of Beijing Public Security Bureau BeijingChina

To compare“normal”craniocerebral computed tomography(CT)of deceased and living *** parameters of craniocerebral CT scans of 50 deceased and 50 living individuals that met specific filtering criteria were measured separately:The intensity(CT value)ratio of gray matter to white matter(GM/WM),maximum and minimum length of frontal horn of ventricle,transverse diameter of cerebral parenchyma,length of choroid plexus,maximum external diameter of body of lateral ventricle,maximum internal transverse diameter of cranium,length of cerebral longitudinal fissure,length between two calvarium,transverse and longitudinal diameter of the third and fourth ventricle,length of the cerebral longitudinal fissure,Hackman value,ventricular index(D/A),index of the somatic part of lateral ventricle(F/E),lateral ventricular body index(G/E),frontal horn index(G/A),and ventriculocranial ratio(VCR).The values of these 19 parameters for the deceased and living individuals were performed using statistical *** were significant statistic differences between deceased and living individuals in terms of eight craniocerebral CT parameters,including GM/WM,D/A,transverse diameter of the fourth ventricle,and length of the cerebral longitudinal *** craniocerebral CT findings differ between deceased and living *** of the normal postmortem craniocerebral CT parameters is key to correct postmortem craniocerebral radiopathological diagnosis.

关键词： craniocerebral deceased living individual postmortem computed tomography postmortem cross-sectional imaging

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craniocerebral injuries in war against terrorism-a contemporary series from Pakistan

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2013年第3期16卷 149-157页

作者： Muhammad Umair Bashir Muhammad Zubair Tahir Ehsan Bari Sehreen Mumtaz Department of Neurosurgery Aga Khan UniversityHospital Karachi Pakistan

Objective： Terrorism-relatedbomb at- tacks on civilian population have increased dramatically over the last decade. craniocerebral injuries secondary to impro- vised explosive devices have not been widely reported in the context of unarmored civilians. This series intends to report the spectrum of these injuries secondary to suicidal and implanted bombs as encountered at the Aga Khan Uni- versity Hospital, Pakistan （AKUH）. Further, a few pertinent management guidelines have also been discussed. Methods： The hospital database and clinical coding during a 5-year period were examined for head injuries se- condary to terrorism-associated blasts. In addition to pa- tient demographics, data analysis for our series included initial Glasgow Coma Scale, presenting neurological complaints, associated non-neurological injuries, manage- ment （conservative or operative） to associated complications, and discharge neurological status. Results： A total of 16 patients were included in this series. Among them 9 were victims of suicidal blasts while 7 were exposed to implanted devices. The patients presented with diverse patterns of injury secondary to a variety of shrapnel. A follow-up record was available for 12 of the 16 patients （mean follow-up： 7.8 months）, with most patients having no active complaints. Conclusion： The results of this series show that civi- lian victims of suicidal and improvised bombings present with a wide range of neurological symptoms and injury patterns, which often differ from the neurological injuries incurred by military personnel in similar situations, and thereby often require individualized care.

关键词： Brain injuries craniocerebral trauma Decompressive craniectomy

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Pre-Hospital Management of craniocerebral Trauma in South Saharan Africa: Cotonou Experience

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Open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2019年第3期9卷 221-226页

作者： Abd El Kader Moumouni Essossinam Kpelao Holden Olatoundji Fadigba Agbeko Achille Doleagbenou Ibrahima Berete Dabou Abiba Tamou Tabe Emile Mensah Martin Chobli CHU KARA Kara Togo SAMU Benin Cotonou Benin CHU Sylvanus Olympio Lomé Togo University of Parakou Borgou Benin Universite Gamal de Conakry Conakry Guinee HIA Parakou Parakou Benin SAMU Benin of Parakou Borgou Benin

The management of craniocerebral trauma begins at the site of the accident. This is one of the diseases for which pre-hospital care is well codified. The objective of this study is to report the experience of the Emergency Aid Medical Service (EMAS) of BENIN in the pre-hospital management of craniocerebral trauma. 146 head injuries were cared for. 116 were male. The mean age was 32 years with extremes ranging from 2 to 77 years. Etiology in 68% of patients was a public road accident. And the request for the use of the EMAS was made by highway users for 41% of the injuries. About 5.5% were severe cranio-brain injuries, more than 75% of which had died in intensive care. In 77% of the EMAS interventions, there was an intensive care physician in the team. 34 wounded had been transported in a vacuum mattress. The rigid cervical collar was used in 8 major traumas. All the wounded were transported by ambulance. The duration of hospitalization varied from a few hours in the emergency department to 90 days in the hospital ward. 9 patients died. One of them, who died in an ambulance, was a woman. The prehospital medical care of head trauma in BENIN is still progressing.

关键词： Emergency craniocerebral Africa South-Sahara Pre Hospital Management

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An Experimental Study of craniocerebral Injury Caused by 7. 62 mm Bullets in Dogs

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Journal of Medical Colleges of PLA(China) 1989年第3期4卷 221-228页

作者：雷鹏朱诚张光霁刘荫秋 Department of Neurosurgery Changzheng Hospital Second Military Medical University Shaghai Research Institute of Surgery Third Military Medical College Chongqing

The experimental models of craniocercbral wounds caused by 7. 62 mm bullets, i. e. thepenetrating craniocerebral injury, the tangential brain injury and the tangential skull injury, were es-tablished in dogs. The craniocerebral ballistics, craniocerebral pathology, serum and cerebrospinal flu-id total lactate dehydrogenase, blood-brain barrier permcabalities, and the pathophysiology ofcardiovascular and respiratory systems were studied. These results suggest that: 1. These injuries ofhigh-velocity missile can all cause general brain damage and intracranio-hematomas ; 2. The severityof the wound depends on the site of the injury, the kinetic energy of the missile force and the effectof the temporary cavity ; 3. The brain injury can seriously damage the blood brain barrier, leadingto brain edema ; 4. The dysfunction of respiratory and cardiovascular system is the fatal complicationendangering the life of the subjects ; 5. Estimating serum and cerebrospinal fluid total lactatedehydrogenase is a simple and valuable way to judge the severity and prognosis of this injury.

关键词： gunshot wound blood-brain barrier experimental model penetrating craniocerebral injury tangential brain injury tangential skull brain injury

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COMPARATIVE OBSERVATION ON CURATIVE EFFECT OF POSTOPERATIVE SYMPTOMS OF THE CLOSED craniocerebral INJURY TREATED BY ACUPUNCTURE

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World Journal of Acupuncture-Moxibustion 1997年第3期7卷 26-28,40页

作者：丁晶张存生

The results of treating the closed injury of brain with two methods are reported, one is Western medicine treatment (control group), and the other is acupuncture combined with Western medicine treatment (acupuncture group). The total curative rate of the latter is 86 %, and that of the former is 56 %. The therapeutic effect of acupuncture group is better than that of control group. Coordinating acupuncture therapy in early stage is thus certainly necessary. At the same time, pathogenesis of the disease and the mechanism of acupuncture treatment are also discussed.

关键词： Closed craniocerebral injury Acupuncture treatment

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Correlation of serum CNP and IGF-Ⅱ contents with brain injury and inflammatory response in patients with craniocerebral trauma

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2018年第6期24卷 17-20页

作者： Xin Zhao Ming-Xue Lian Hui-Lan He Yuan-Yuan Wu Gang Bao The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'anShaanxi Province710061

Objective:To study the correlation of serum C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) and insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱ (IGF-Ⅱ) contents with brain injury and inflammatory response in patients with craniocerebral ***: Patients with craniocerebral trauma who were treated in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between March 2015 and July 2017 were included in the case group of the study, and the healthy volunteers who received physical examination during the same period were included in the control group. The contents of CNP, IGF-Ⅱ, nerve markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines in serum as well as the expression of inflammatory signaling molecules in peripheral blood were ***: CNP and IGF-Ⅱ contents in serum of case group were significantly lower than those of control group whereas UCH-L1, GFAP, S100B, Tau, MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α contents in serum as well as JAK2, STAT3, MEK and ERK1/2 mRNA expression in peripheral blood were significantly higher than those of control group;CNP and IGF-Ⅱ contents in serum of case group were negatively correlated with UCH-L1, GFAP, S100B, Tau, MIP-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α contents in serum as well as JAK2, STAT3, MEK and ERK1/2 mRNA expression in peripheral ***: The decrease of serum CNP and IGF-Ⅱ in patients with craniocerebral trauma is closely related to the aggravation of brain injury and the over-activation of inflammatory response.

关键词： craniocerebral trauma C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) Insulin-like growth factor-Ⅱ (IGF-Ⅱ) Inflammatory response

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Curative effect of ganglioside sodium for adjuvant therapy on acute severe craniocerebral injury

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Journal of Acute Disease 2017年第1期6卷 18-22页

作者： Yun-Liang Deng Department of Neurosurgery Zigong Fourth People's HospitalZigong643000Sichuan ProvinceChina

Objective: To study the effect of adjuvant therapy of ganglioside sodium on intracranial pressure (ICP), partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2), nerve injury molecules, nerve protection molecules and indexes of oxidative stress in patients with acute severe craniocerebral injury. Methods: Forty-seven patients with severe craniocerebral injury treated in the emergency department of our hospital during the period time from December 2012 to October 2015 were selected for retrospective analyses. They were divided into the ganglioside group and the normal treatment group according to the usage of ganglioside sodium in the process of the emergency treatment. At days 1, 3, 5 and 7 before and after treatment, theICP and PbtO2 in patients of the two groups were measured. After 7 days of treatment, the nerve injury molecules, nerve protection molecules and the indexes of oxidative stress in serum of the patients of the two groups were determined. Results: At days 1, 3, 5 and 7 before and after treatment, theICP in patients of the ganglioside group were all significantly lower than those of the normal treatment group, while the PbtO2 were all significantly higher than those of normal treatment group. After 7 days of treatment, the contents of serum methane dicarboxylic aldehyde, advanced oxidation protein products, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine urine, S100β, glial fibrillary acidic portein, neuron specific enolase, myelin basic protein, neuroglobin and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 in patients of the ganglioside group were notably lower than those of the normal treatment group, while the contents of superoxidase dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, nerve growth factor and brain derived neurotrophic factor were significantly higher than those of the normal treatment group. Conclusions: The adjuvant therapy of ganglioside sodium in patients with severe craniocerebral injury can effectively reduceICP, improve PbtO2 and alleviate the injuri

关键词： Ganglioside sodium Adjuvant therapy Severe craniocerebral injury Intracranial pressure Partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen

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Change and significance of serum inflammatory factors,NSE,S100 protein and stress hormone levels in patients with craniocerebral injury

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Journal of Hainan Medical University 2017年第18期23卷 152-155页

作者： Rui-Feng Liu Chang-Jiang Shu Yang Shi Department of Surgery Civil Aviation Medical Center ChengduSichuanChengdu 610200China

Objective: To investigate the change and significance of serum inflammatory factors, neuron specific enolase (NSE), S100 protein and stress hormone levels in patients with brain diseases. Methods: A total of 115 patients with craniocerebral injury were selected as the observation group, according to the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), they were divided into light-sized group (n=38), middle-sized group (n=40) and severe-sized group (n=37), at the same time the other 120 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The levels of serum inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and procalcitonin (PCT)], neuron specific enolase (NSE), S100 protein and the stress hormone cortisol [(COR), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), β-endorphin (β-EP)] of both groups were compared. Results: The levels of TNF-α, PCT, NSE, S100, COR, ACTH and β-EP in the observation group were (145.73±19.24) ng/L, (2.41±0.64) ng/mL, (38.11±12.28) ng/mL, (0.87±0.32) μg/L, (818.87±121.14) nmol/L, (107.38±13.94) ng/L, (126.74±39.04) ng/mL, which were significantly higher than control group, the difference was statistically significant;Comparison of indexes among the observation group, NF-α, PCT, NSE, S100, COR, ACTH and β-EP levels in the middle-sized group and severe-sized group were significantly higher than those in the light-sized group, and the levels in the severe-sized group were significantly higher than those of the middle-sized group, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:The levels of Serum inflammatory factors, NSE, S100 protein and stress hormone were significantly increased in patients with craniocerebral injury, the level was related to the degree of traumatic brain injury, which could be used as an important indicator to assess the severity of the disease.

关键词： craniocerebral trauma Inflammatory factors NSE S100 protein Stress hormone

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The effects of large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E on nerve injury, neurotrophic and oxidative stress in patients with acute craniocerebral injury

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Journal of Acute Disease 2018年第2期7卷 69-73页

作者： Cheng Zhang Jian-Ming Li Jun-Lin Hu Xia Zhou Department of Neurosurgery The Third People's Hospital of ZigongSichuan Department of Neurology The Third People's Hospital of ZigongSichuan

Objective:To study the effects of large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E on nerve injury,neurotrophic and oxidative stress in patients with acute craniocercbral ***:Patients with acute cranioccrebral trauma who were admitted to the Third People's Hospital of Zigong from April 2014 to December 2016 were selected as the subjects and were randomly divided into two *** control group received conventional treatment,and the intervention group received large doses of vitamin C and vitamin E combined with conventional *** the yh day and 7th day after treatment,peripheral blood was collected and serum was isolated,then the contents of nerve injury index NSE,S 100B,NGB,UCH-L1,Tf,Ft and neurotrophic indexes NTF-α,BDNE NGF and IGF-I were determined by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit,and the contents of SOD,GPx,CAT,OH-,O2,MDA and AOPP were measured by radioactive immunoprecipitation ***:3th day and 7th day after treatment,the contents of NSE,S100B,NGB,UCH-L1,Tf,Ft,NTF-α,BDNF,NGF,IGF-Ⅰ,OH-,O2-,MDA and AOPP in the intervention group were all significantly lower than those in the control *** content of SOD,GPx and CAT in serum in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the control ***:High-dose vitamin C and vitamin E treatment can alleviate nerve injury,oxidative stress response,and improve neurotrophic state in patients with acute craniocerebral injury.

关键词： Acute craniocerebral injury Oxidative stress Vitamin C Vitamin E Neurotrophy

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Analysis of Enteral Nutritional Value in Severe craniocerebral Injury

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2019年第6期3卷 34-36页

作者： Kai Hu Department of Critical Care Medicine Yangtze River Shipping General HospitalWuhan 430015China

*** study will analyze the clinical value of enteral nutrition treatment in patients with severe craniocerebral injury and discuss the safety of this *** study selected patients who were treated in the hospital from January 2017 to December *** the screening,all patients were diagnosed as severe craniocerebral *** patients who have met the experimental criteria were undergone enteral nutrition treatment to improve the *** success rate of catheterization and the changes in patient’s vital signs were *** the effect on the disease after the insertion of nasogastric tubing for nutritional *** the treatment results,the success rate of catheterization was 95.45%(42/44).In term of the timeline,the average was(36.5±2.7)min,the shortest time was 30 minutes and the longest time was no more than 5 *** vital signs were stable before and after treatment and no complications such as *** those 42 successful patients,the average time for jejunal nutrition therapy was(36.2±4.1)days,the shortest was 27 days while the longest was 53 days and no adverse cases *** nutrition has a clinical application on patients with severe craniocerebral injury and can meet the nutritional needs of ***,it has a high degree of feasibility and safety which is conducive to the early recovery of patients and has been well received.

关键词： Severe craniocerebral injury Jejunal nutrition Catheterization Vital signs

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