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costing Principles of a Denim Pant

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2019年第2期5卷 48-60页

作者： A T M Mohibullah Umme Magreba Takebira Mustafijur Rahman Md. Saiful Alam A. S. M. Sayem Sarker Shadman Quamar Mahir Department of Apparel Manufacturing & Technology BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

Denim pant is a significant prospect for the RMG sector of Bangladesh with an enormous future. The pricing is the most important factor obtainable in the global competitive market without having any suspicion. It is difficult to exist in the apparel market without providing lowest costing of garment. The study focuses on the entire factor that is directly related to the FOB cost of a basic denim pant where includes fabric cost, trims & accessories cost, storing, cost of making charge, washing cost, testing cost, commercial cost and profit is shown chronologically. All the calculations of the study were done on the basis of an industrial frame work and both primary and secondary data were collected from six different denim pant manufactures and exporters. The study provided convinced principle of fabric consumption, thread consumption, CM calculation, required poly;cartoons calculations and costing were done very carefully. The study also provides potential wash and testing, so that the total price ranges can be contained as well as demonstrating total FOB cost. The manufacturers, exporters, retailer and consumers of denim pant will get the apparent method of costing and its parameter.

关键词： Denim Jeanswear costing Consumption Measurement

Complete Garment costing with Major Cost Breakdown

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Journal of Textile Science and Technology 2023年第2期9卷 115-126页

作者： Md. Monirul Islam Rajib Md. Mehedi Hasan Parvez Md. Shofiul Islam Tanveer Ahmed Md. Rashedul Islam Department of Apparel Manufacturing & Technology BGMEA University of Fashion & Technology (BUFT) Dhaka Bangladesh

Apparel business is one of the oldest global businesses. Emergence of different apparel manufacturing nations, rapid development of global supply chains and increasingly higher demand for fast fashion items are exposing the apparel manufacturers to competitive product prices. Alongside, the persistent global depression has also forced the apparel business to curtail the prices to remain sustainable in the industry. Garment costing is the systematic process of meticulously calculating the total cost of a certain quantity of garments from raw material purchase to converting them to the final products, plus other terms and conditions stated by the customers. The sum of these costs adding the profit margin is the selling price. This research outlines the process of preparing cost sheets for basic garment products. The research proposes a clear method of generating easily understandable, complete garment cost sheets for the apparel industry.

关键词： Apparel costing Shirt Trousers T-Shirt

costing Covid’s Impact On Wine 疫情给葡萄酒业带来了什么？ B33

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Activity-Based costing of Library Services in Universities——A Case Study of a Private University

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作者：徐菲远

When the Queen of England is forced to sell gin made from dead leaves found on the grounds of Buckingham Palace to supplement lost tourist revenue due to Covid-19,it doesn’t bode well for the rest of the world econo... 详细信息

关键词：葡萄酒业 costing Covid’s Impact

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Economics World 2018年第3期6卷 165-176页

作者： Hala Elias Arpita Mehrotra Royal University for Women West RiffaKingdom of Bahrain

An organization’s costing system is a system that helps the management with the strategy planning while the system plays an important role in providing accurate cost information about the products and *** other words,the costing management system is important to provide timely and quality information to help managers in their decision-making *** quality graduates is the main objective of any university and the cost of quality or the cost of poor quality is one that is often difficult to measure in higher *** can be partly attributed to the fact that most accounting systems are not structured to capture important cost-of-quality *** order to succeed,many organizations tend to shift from conventional or traditional costing system to Activity-based costing(ABC).ABC provides both higher education administrators and policymakers with better information on which to base *** use of multiple cost pools and drivers under ABC leads to more detailed and accurate product costing than that provided by traditional cost *** paper attempts to investigate the possibilities and limitations of implementing ABC in *** specifically the study makes use of the case study method to illustrate the implementation of activity-based costing of library services in a private university in the Kingdom of *** research methodology of the case study is a combination of both descriptive and quantitative *** study identified six categories of cost pools which are related to the activities of the library as well as 17 relevant cost ***,ABC should lead to a better understanding of what drives costs and,by extension,what changes are necessary to reduce *** activities that do not add value to services can be identified and *** ABC is feasible in an academic library and that much can be gained from the process of analyzing ***,more work needs to be done

关键词： costing systems activity-based costing quality of information cost drivers costing of library services universities

GCL-Poly Energy Plans 20 MW PV Solar Plant, Extends Product Line

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China Chemical Reporter 2009年第33期20卷 12-12页

GCL-Poly Energy Holding Limited (HK:0380) plans to build a 20 MW crystal siliconphotovoltaic power plant, in Xuzhoucity, Jiangsu province, it said on October26th. The power plant in Qingshanquantown, Jiawang district,... 详细信息

关键词： completed Jiangsu costing district Solar downstrea

Assessing mitigation options for greenhouse warming

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Electricity 1992年第1期 5-11页

作者： Thomas H.Lee,Professor Emeritus Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science,Massachusetts Institute of Technology,Cambridge,MA USA

Greenhouse gases and global warming have received increasing attention in recent years and gained a prominent place on national andinternational *** 1988 the United States Congress asked the *** Academy of Sciences to conduct a study on the policyimplications of greenhouse *** of the tasks in the study was to examine mitigation options and develop an assessment methodologyfor *** task was undertaken by a panel of 19 scientists,economists,and *** author was the Chairman of that *** thispaper,the methodology developed-the“technologicar costing”method-is briefly reviewed and the reasons for choosing it over economicmodeling were *** concludes with a discussion on how the greenhouse warming problem may affect the energy and power systemof the future.

关键词： greenhouse warming mitigation costing panel gases discussion conduct options briefly

Techniques for Determining the Treatment Costs of Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第2期9卷 117-128页

作者： Candice Amorim de Araújo Lima Santos Ariani Impieri Souza Suely Arruda Vidal Instituto de Medicina Integral Professor Fernando Figueira—IMIP Recife Brazil Faculdade Pernambucana de Saúde—FPS Recife Brazil

Background: Uterine cervical cancer (UCC) represents a public health problem in many part of the world. The use of new technologies is leading to increased treatment costs, resulting in a substantial economic impact worldwide. Standardization of economic evaluation methods is needed to improve comparisons between jurisdictions. Objective: To identify the methods used to measure the cost of treating invasive UCC, and to search for correlations between cancer treatment expenditures and local economies. Methods: We searched articles in MEDLINE, LILACS, and SciELO with no language restrictions, and included publications from January 01, 2007 to December 31, 2016. Studies were included if they described the annual direct cost of invasive cervical cancer and detailed the costing method. Complete economic evaluations were excluded. Results were described in 2016 international dollars. Results: Of 1581 studies initially reviewed, 13 articles were included in the analysis. Six articles used a bottom-up;six used a top-down approach and one used both. Annual cost per patient varied from I$ 2146.22 (Poland) to 34,351.54 (Sweden). Middle-income countries (MIC) spent median 72.52% of its GDP per capita on the treatment of invasive cervical cancer, while high-income countries (HIC) spent median 30.12% (p = 0.032). No significant difference was found when separated by costing method. Conclusions: We found that, for the treatment costs of invasive UCC, the percentages of GDP per capita were statistically higher in MIC than in HIC. However, no significant difference was found between costing methods, and the top-down approach could be used.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Costs and Cost Analysis costing Method Systematic Review

Economic and environmental sustainability assessment of wine grape production scenarios in Southern Italy

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Agricultural Sciences 2013年第5期4卷 12-20页

作者： Alfio Strano Anna Irene De Luca Giacomo Falcone Nathalie Iofrida Teodora Stillitano Giovanni Gulisano Department of AGRARIA Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria Reggio Calabria Italy

The low resilience of ecosystems imposes a sustainable management of natural resources through more rational uses, land protection, energy saving and low carbon production technologies. Agriculture has a great responsibility in managing these resources that are the principal inputs of its processes. Production systems must pay attention, at the same time, to economic viability and environmental protection. Since decades, the international scientific community is facing the great challenge of assessing the sustainability of agricultural engineering techniques, in order to help both private and public decision making, but also to meet consumer’s requirements for high quality and low impact products. To achieve that, widely accepted assessment instruments, whose results have to be clear and understandable to a broad public, and that are necessary. In this direction, Life Cycle Thinking (LCT) is gaining consensus as conceptual model, considering goods and services production and consumption all along the whole life cycle, from planning to disposal. Its methodological frame- work, the Life Cycle Management (LCM), offers many standardised tools to assess impacts of products and processes: Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), to evaluate environmental impacts and Life Cycle costing (LCC) for economic ones. Among many impacts categories LCA also allows to identify the carbon footprint, that can be quantified in terms of Global Warming Potential (GWP). This research has analyzed and compared different scenarios of wine grapes production in Cirò, an important viticultural area located in Calabria region (Southern Italy). LCA and LCC methodologies have been useful to assess them from an environmental and economic standpoint. Results have allowed the authors to rank training and farming systems performances.

关键词： Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Life Cycle costing (LCC) Sustainable agriculture Decision Making Global Warming CO2 Equivalents

Joseph Hardy Ltd.： Internal Audit for Performance Improvement

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2012年第10期8卷 1428-1436页

作者： Malcolm Smith Edith Cowan University Perth Australia

This paper features a case study, which looks at the use of financial and non-financial indicators （NFIs） of performance in the monitoring of a production process. It highlights the apparent deficiencies in the use of some indicators and provides opportunities for the implementation of preferred alternatives and for improvements in the organization and evaluation of the production process.

关键词： budgeting costing internal audit performance management non-financial indicators (NFIs)