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Keratinous and corneous-based products towards circular bioeconomy: A research review

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology 2024年第6期22卷 25-37页

作者： Giovanni Davide Barone Irene Tagliaro Rodrigo Oliver-Simancas Matteo Radice Livia M.Kalossaka Michele Mattei Antonino Biundo Isabella Pisano Amparo Jiménez-Quero Institute of Biology University of Graz8010GrazAustria Department of Materials Science University of Milano-Bicocca20126MilanoItaly Division of Industrial Biotechnology Department of Life SciencesChalmers University of TechnologyGothenburg41296Sweden Department of Biosciences Biotechnology and BiopharmaceuticsUniversity of Bari Aldo MoroVia E.Orabona470125BariItaly Department of Chemistry Molecular Sciences Research HubImperial College LondonW120BZ LondonUnited Kingdom Libera UniversitàInternazionale Degli Studi Sociali“Guido Carli” I-00198RomeItaly CIRCC-Interuniversity Consortium Chemical Reactivity and Catalysis Via C.Ulpiani 2770126BariItaly

Keratins and corneous proteins are key components of biomaterials used in a wide range of applications and are potential substitutes for petrochemical-based products. Horns, hooves, feathers, claws, and similar animal tissues are abundant sources of α-keratin and corneous β-proteins, which are by-products of the food industry. Their close association with the meat industry raises environmental and ethical concerns regarding their disposal. To promote an eco-friendly and circular use of these materials in novel applications, efforts have focused on recovering these residues to develop sustainable, non-animal-related, affordable, and scalable procedures. Here, we review and examine biotechnological methods for extracting and expressing α-keratins and corneous β-proteins in microorganisms. This review highlights consolidated research trends in biomaterials, medical devices, food supplements, and packaging, demonstrating the keratin industry's potential to create innovative value-added products. Additionally, it analyzes the state of the art of related intellectual property and market size to underscore the potential within a circular bioeconomic model.

关键词： Alpha-keratin corneous beta-protein Environmentally sustainable technology Biotechnology Resource recovery

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