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Occurrence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the estuarine sediments of the Taihu Lake and their associated toxic effects on aquatic organisms

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Pedosphere 2022年第6期32卷 833-843页

作者： Tian SUN Yanhua WANG Yan CHEN Mingli ZHANG Xinggong KONG School of Geography Nanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210023(China) Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application Nanjing 210023(China) Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment Nanjing Normal UniversityMinistry of EducationNanjing 210023(China)

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)are ubiquitous toxic organic pollutants in the natural environment that are strongly associated with socioeconomic activities.Exploring the distribution,sources,and ecological toxicity of PAHs is essential to abate their pollution and biological risks.The 16 priority PAHs in different lakeside city estuarine sediments in the northern Taihu Lake in China were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.Results showed that total concentrations of PAHs(ΣPAHs)ranged from 672.07 to 5858.34 ng g^(^(-1)),with a mean value of 2121.37 ng g^(^(-1)).High-molecular-weight PAHs(4-6 rings)were dominant,accounting for 85%of theΣPAHs detected.Due to the barrier of gate/dam in the estuarine area,the concentrations of PAHs in the sediments were significantly different between the river mouth and lake side.Changes in total organic carbon(TOC)content and the spatial distribution of PAHs in the sediments were consistent.Sediment pollution assessment explored using the fuzzy evaluation model indicated 75%of slight PAH pollution.Some estuarine sediments(22%)concentrated in the east of the Wuli Lake in the Meiliang bay of the Taihu Lake were moderately or heavily polluted.The PAHs may lead to occasional detrimental biological consequences in the area.Diagnostic ratios and principal component analysis-multiple linear regression suggested vehicle emission and natural gas combustion as the primary PAH contributors(81%).

关键词： contamination source ecological toxicity grade fuzzy evaluation model pollution risk assessment principal component analysis-multiple linear regression total 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons toxic organic pollutant

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Advances in strategies to assure the microbial safety of food-associated ice

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未来食品学报(英文) 2023年第2期3卷 115-126页

作者： Ning Wang Yeru Wang Li Bai Xinyu Liao Donghong Liu Tian Ding Department of Food Science and Nutrition Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058China Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment National Health Commission of the People's Republic of ChinaChina National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijing 100022China School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering NingboTech UniversityNingbo 315100China Future Food Laboratory Innovation Center of Yangtze River DeltaZhejiang UniversityJiaxing 314100China

Ice has been extensively employed as a general coolant or ingredient in the food industry.However,evident indicates that food-associated ice can be easily contaminated by pathogenic bacteria,such as Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus,and Salmonella spp.,among others.The contamination sources are attributed to the use of unhygienic water,improper handling,and poor hygiene conditions of ice-making machines.The contaminated ice might be a vesicle for the transmission of pathogens to food and human,posing potential risks to public health.This review overviewed the microbial contamination of food-associated ice,including the microbial contamination levels and the main microbial contaminants.In addition,a systematical introduction was constructed on the recent advances and applications of state-of-the-art methods to manufacture safe ices,illustrating ozone,electrolyzed water,cold plasma,essential oils,and ultraviolet light-emitting diode irradiation.The validities and limitations of ice treated by these techniques on the food quality were then discussed in detail.Various studies were also organized to demonstrate the potential of the mentioned treated ice,for ensuring the microbial safety and control quality deterioration during the storage of aquatic products.Finally,the direction for future study was given.

关键词： Food-associated ice Microbial contamination contamination source Novel technologies Food quality

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Occurrence and distribution of pharmaceuticals in surface water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River estuaries, South Africa and their ecological risk assessment

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Emerging Contaminants 2021年第1期7卷 187-195页

作者： Chinemerem Ruth Ohoro Abiodun Olagoke Adeniji Lucy Semerjian Omobola Oluranti Okoh Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre University of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry University of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group Department of Biochemistry and MicrobiologyUniversity of Fort HareAlice5700South Africa Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology National University of LesothoP.O.180RomaLesotho Department of Environmental Health Sciences College of Health SciencesUniversity of SharjahSharjahUnited Arab Emirates

This study investigated the presence of pharmaceuticals in the water and sediment of Buffalo and Sundays River Estuary,South Africa.Extraction for water and sediment samples was achieved with solidphase extraction and ultrasonic extraction methods,respectively.Quantification of the target analytes was done with UPLC-QTOF-MS.The pH of surface water in all the sampling sites(8.18-10.1)were above the WHO guideline(6.5).A good correlation was observed between the concentrations of analytes with organic matter and organic carbon.Results showed that carbamazepine exhibited the highest concentration(8.75±1.45 mg/kg)of all the pharmaceuticals,while trimethoprim has the highest detection frequency with the highest concentration of 1.62±0.83 mg/kg in the sediment samples.Sulfamethoxazole was below the detection limit in both estuaries.Calculated risk quotients revealed that carbamazepine and trimethoprim could be of potential risk,while caffeine may pose a very low risk to the aquatic organisms investigated.Proper monitoring of the runoff entering Buffalo Estuary is required,being the point of discharge of Buffalo River to the Indian Ocean.Also,the domestic waste discharge from residences in the surroundings of Sundays Estuary should be monitored.

关键词： Pharmaceuticals Estuaries Physicochemical parameters Risk assessment contamination source Correlation

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