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Contaminant transport in heterogeneous aquifers: A critical review of mechanisms and numerical methods of non-Fickian dispersion

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第8期64卷 1224-1241页

作者： Zhilin GUO Rui MA Yong ZHANG Chunmiao ZHENG State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control School of Environmental Science and EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen 518055China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Geological Sciences University of AlabamaTuscaloosa AL 35487USA

Natural aquifers usually exhibit complex physical and chemical heterogeneities,which are key factors complicating kinetic processes,such as contaminant transport and transformation,posing a great challenge in the remediation of contaminated *** heterogeneity usually leads to a distinct feature,the so-called“anomalous transport”in groundwater,which deviates from the phenomenon described by the classical advection-dispersion equation(ADE)based on Fick’s *** transport,also known as non-Fickian dispersion or“anomalous dispersion”in a broad sense,can explain the hydrogeological mechanism that leads to the temporally continuous deterioration of water quality and rapid spatial expansion of pollutant *** enter and then are retained in the low-permeability matrix from the high-permeability zone via molecular diffusion,chemical adsorption,and other mass exchange *** process can be reversed when the concentration of pollutants in high-permeability zones is relatively *** contaminants slowly return to the high-permeability zones through reverse molecular diffusion,resulting in sub-dispersive anomalous transport leading to the chronic gradual deterioration of water ***,some contaminants are rapidly transported along the interconnected preferential flow paths,resulting in super-dispersive anomalous transport,which leads to the rapid spread of *** heterogeneity is also an important factor that constrains the efficacy of groundwater remediation,while the development,application,and evaluation of groundwater remediation technologies are usually based on the Fickian dispersion process predicted by the ADE *** studies of the impacts of non-Fickian dispersion on contaminant transport and remediation are still *** article reviews the non-Fickian dispersion phenomenon caused by the heterogeneity of geological media,summarizes the processes and current understanding of contamin

关键词： Aquifer heterogeneity Contaminant transport contamination remediation Non-Fickian dispersion Anomalous transport Small-scale preferential flow paths

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