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consumer credit Risk Management in an Emerging Market: The Case of China

China & World Economy 2006年第3期14卷 86-94页

作者： Xiaoqing Eleanor Xu Jiong Liu Associate Professor Stillman School of Business Seton Hall University South Orange N J USA Vice President Consumer Credit Risk Management Citibank N.A. Long Island City NY USA

With the liberalization of the financial service sector mandated by China＇s access to the WTO, China＇s credit card market has received a great deal of attention from global financial institutions. This paper examines the enormous growth opportunities and key barriers facing the development of the credit card industry in China, and discusses the importance and tools of consumer credit risk management. In the process of rapid expansion of China＇s consumer credit card industry, credit risk management should be treated as a top priority to avoid a pile up of bad debt in credit card receivables. This requires the development of an updated and comprehensive national consumer credit database and the use of credit risk modeling and scoring in predicting consumer behavior. As structured finance develops in China, the securitization of credit card receivables into asset-backed securities might also serve as an alternative to traditional credit risk management.

关键词： China consumer credit credit scoring risk management

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The role of self-accounting and financial capability in consumer credit decisions

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Journal of Modern Accounting and Auditing 2010年第2期6卷 43-58页

作者： Filotto Umberto Nicolini Gianni Department of Economics and Quantitative Methods-SEFEMEQ University of Rome ＂＇Tor Vergata ＂ Via Cohtmbia 2 Rome 00133 Italy

The role of financial capability in the consumers＇ financial behaviour has been widely analyzed by the literature. The same happened for the relationship between debt and financial capability. The consensus about the benefits of an increase in the levels of financial literacy collides with a diversity of opinions on what the best solutions to increase financial capability. While methods based on traditional teaching may not be an effective solutions and they could not provide results in the short term, solutions oriented to support consumers in important financial decisions （requests for funding, choice of retirement solutions, etc.） may show greater effectiveness. Studies in literature have shown the tendency of subjects with high levels of financial capability to adopt a long term view and to upgrade their daily financial behaviour with attitudes and practices related to self-finance （budget, financial check-up, saving for goals, etc.） The paper focuses on the relationship between financial capability and self-accounting practices, interpreting the latter as evidence of conduct financially aware. After a review of the literature designed to emphasize the role of self-accounting in the context of personal finance, a financial check-up based tool is proposed, pointing out how the financial accounts＇ schemes and logics （regular budget, estimates and forecasts checking targets） may find useful application in the context of personal finance.

关键词： self-accounting financial capability consumer credit

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Study on the consumer credit Development Path of China——From the Perspective of Supply-side Reform

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经济管理学刊（中英文版） 2020年第2期9卷 67-72页

作者： Ding Yifan Jiasheng Zhu Junwei Xu Yunfei Ma School of International Economics and Trade Anhui University of Finance and EconomicsBengbuAnhui233030

With the development of China's market economy,China's consumer credit has also developed rapidly,but there are also problems such as unbalanced credit structure and uneven regional *** on the perspective of supply-side reforms,this article analyzes the opportunities and risks of China's consumer credit development,and puts forward practical and effective suggestions for problems,which is of great significance to the promotion of the healthy development of China's consumer credit.

关键词： consumer credit credit Development Risks credit Development Opportunities Countermeasures

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Adverse selection,loan access and default behavior in the Chilean consumer debt market

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 1566-1594页

作者： Carlos Madeira Central Bank of Chile SantiagoChile

Why do households use different types of loans?Which factors cause borrowers to default?Using a comprehensive survey dataset from Chile,I estimate a partial information model of consumer debt access,lender choice,loan amount and *** model consists of a first-stage multinomial logit that explains the choice across the five loan types,plus the options of no access to debt due to credit constraints and a no wish for consumer *** the second and third stages,the model assumes a log-linear regression of the debt amount and a logit regression of the default behavior,accounting for the loan type selection *** is obtained using factors measured at different time periods for the default and the loan type choices.I find that households choose different lenders based on income,education and labor *** income and education decrease the probability of credit constraints,while increasing bank lending and debt *** risk and household size increase the chances of all the loan types;however,unemployment decreases the debt *** and wage volatility reduce the probability of all *** decreases with income,education and age,whereas it increases with indebtedness,unemployment,household size,health shocks,and paying previous *** exercises demonstrate that pension reform,higher requirements for borrowers’capacities,and financial literacy programs could substantially reduce default *** literacy could greatly reduce arrears,households with credit constraints,the number of debtors and the aggregate debt amounts,especially for non-bank *** Chilean borrowers present heterogeneous adverse selection across lender *** Debt Access decreases with income,age,education,but it increases with *** is associated with income,unemployment,indebtedness and *** past loans and health needs are associated with indebtedness and *** literacy programs may b

关键词： consumer credit Default risk Unemployment Financial literacy Adverse selection credit constraints

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扩大消费需求与发展消费信贷之研究

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商业经济 2000年第6期

作者：娄树本

近年来，我国经济运行发生了历史性的大转折，随着短缺经济时代的过去，总供给大于总需求的供求失衡随之而来，消费需求不足成了影响我国经济持续发展的根本制约因素。在扩大国内需求，促进经济发展的急迫要求下，消费信贷作为扩大消费... 详细信息

近年来，我国经济运行发生了历史性的大转折，随着短缺经济时代的过去，总供给大于总需求的供求失衡随之而来，消费需求不足成了影响我国经济持续发展的根本制约因素。在扩大国内需求，促进经济发展的急迫要求下，消费信贷作为扩大消费需求的战略举措和商业银行业务经营进入个人消费领域的革命性创新登上了历史舞台。本文从分析我国现阶段经济运行的基本态势入手，从理论和政策等方面多视角地探讨了消费需求不足的成因，并对商业银行发展消费信贷业务进行初步研究，对有关创新和拓展业务的设计提出了个人见解。

关键词：消费需求消费信贷商业银行国民经济 consumer Demand consumer credit Commercial Bank NationalEconomy

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美国公共福利制度何以孱弱?

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社会保障制度 2023年第8期

作者：朱恒鹏孙梦婷

各国福利制度的演化与形成，皆因应其特定的历史时代背景，主要受供给和需求两方面驱动。供给侧取决于本国财政筹资能力，需求侧取决于国民福利意识与福利消费模式。20世纪初期极高生产力增长催生的农业国家主义思潮，驱使美国联邦政府... 详细信息

各国福利制度的演化与形成，皆因应其特定的历史时代背景，主要受供给和需求两方面驱动。供给侧取决于本国财政筹资能力，需求侧取决于国民福利意识与福利消费模式。20世纪初期极高生产力增长催生的农业国家主义思潮，驱使美国联邦政府后来将缩小收入差距、提高国民购买力视为应对“大萧条”危机和解决“生产过剩”的核心方案，由此形成了“重累进所得税、拒销售税”的税收制度，以及以私人信贷为主的消费金融模式。拒绝国家销售税大大限制了美国税制的增收能力，从而削弱了迈向福利国家的财政基础。针对累进税的附加福利税收豁免政策，则显著促进了私人福利体系的发展。家庭消费信贷的广泛发展弱化了公共福利需求，与之配套的税收豁免政策又对公共福利供给产生了挤出效应。失衡的税制与信贷型消费模式同福利制度相互影响、相互强化，导致美国福利国家的政治主张日渐瓦解、公共福利制度建设愈发孱弱。与此同时，美国私人福利体系却日益发展壮大。由于私人福利制度缺乏普惠性和公平性，最为脆弱的非正规就业群体和非就业群体几乎完全暴露于市场风险和社会风险之中，美国于是成为发达经济体中贫困人口占比最高的国家之一。这种公共福利制度的缺失内置了金融体系不稳定的诱因。

关键词：美国福利制度税收制度消费信贷模式历史制度主义 U.S.welfare system tax system consumer credit historical institutionalism

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