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Resolving a nearly 90-year-old enigma:The rare Fagus chienii is Conspecific with F.hayatae based on molecular and morphological evidence

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Plant Diversity 2023年第5期45卷 544-551页

作者： Dan-Qi Li Lu Jiang Hua Liang Da-Hai Zhu Deng-Mei Fan Yi-Xuan Kou Yi Yang Zhi-Yong Zhang College of Forestry Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Laboratory of Subtropical Biodiversity Jiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Lushan Botanical Garden Jiangxi Province and Chinese Academy of SciencesJiujiang 332900China Longxi-Hongkou National Reserve Chengdu 611830China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Guangxi Normal University) Ministry of EducationGuilin 541004China Guangxi Key Laboratory of Landscape Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization in Lijiang River Basin Guilin 541006China

Taxonomic uncertainties of rare species often hinder effective prioritization for conservation.One such taxonomic uncertainty is the 90-year-old enigma of Fagus chienii.F.chienii was previously only known from the type specimens collected in 1935 in Pingwu County of Sichuan Province,China,and has long been thought to be on the verge of extinction.However,morphological similarities to closely related Fagus species have led many to question the taxonomic status of F.chienii.To clarify this taxonomic uncertainty,we used the newly collected samples to reconstruct a molecular phylogeny of Chinese Fagus species against the phylogenetic backbone of the whole genus using seven nuclear genes.In addition,we examined nine morphological characters to determine whether F.chienii is morphologically distinct from its putatively closest relatives(F.hayatae,F.longipetiolata,and F.lucida).Both morphological and phylogenetic analyses indicated that F.chienii is Conspecific with F.hayatae.We recommended that F.chienii should not be treated as a separate species in conservation management.However,conservation strategies such as in situ protection and ex situ germplasm preservation should be adopted to prevent the peculiar“F.chienii”population from extinction.

关键词： Conspecific Fagus chienii F.hayatae Phylogenetics Morphology Conservation

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Analysing changes in spatial point patterns:A proposal using data from a forest thinning experiment

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Forest Ecosystems 2022年第6期9卷 878-887页

作者： Christian Salas-Eljatib Joaquín Riquelme-Alarcon Pablo J.Donoso Diego Ponce Daniel P.Soto Centro de Modelacion y Monitoreo de Ecosistemas Escuela de Ingeniería ForestalUniversidad MayorSantiagoChile Vicerrectoría de Investigacion y Postgrado Universidad de La FronteraTemucoChile Departamento de Silvicultura y Conservacion de la Naturaleza Universidad de ChileSantiagoChile Instituto de Bosques y Sociedad Universidad Austral de ChileValdiviaChile Corporacion Nacional Forestal ValdiviaChile Departamento de Ciencias Naturales y Tecnología Universidad de AysenCoyhaiqueChile

Spatial patterns reveal critical features at the individual and community levels.However,how to evaluate changes in spatial characteristics remains largely unexplored.We assess spatial changes in spatial point patterns by augmenting current statistical functions and indices.We fitted functions to describe unmarked and marked(tree size)spatial patterns using data from a large-scale silvicultural experiment in southern Chile.Furthermore,we compute the mingling index to represent spatial tree diversity.We proffer the pair correlation function difference before and after treatment to detect changes in the unmarked-point pattern of trees and the semivariogram-ratio to evaluate changes in the marked-point pattern.Our research provides a quantitative assessment of a critical aspect of forest heterogeneity:changes in spatial unmarked and marked-point patterns.The proposed approach can be a powerful tool for quantifying the impacts of disturbances and silvicultural treatments on spatial patterns in forest ecosystems.

关键词： Spatial diversity Marked-point process Spatial heterogeneity Conspecific Variable-density thinning Nothofagus

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