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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第10期67卷 2051-2061页

作者： Shichao Wei Huizhong Fan Wenliang Zhou Guangping Huang Yan Hua Shibao Wu Xiao Wei Yiting Chen Xinyue Tan Fuwen Wei Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of conservation Biology College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Center for Evolution and conservation Biology Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou)Guangzhou 511458China Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Silviculture Protection and UtilizationGuangdong Academy of ForestryGuangzhou 510520China School of Life Science South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China Terrestrial Wildlife Rescue and Epidemic Diseases Surveillance Center of Guangxi Nanning 530003China

The Chinese pangolin(Manis pentadactyla,MP)has been extensively exploited and is now on the brink of extinction,but its population structure,evolutionary history,and adaptive potential are ***,we analyzed 94 genomes from three subspecies of the Chinese pangolin and identified three distinct genetic clusters(MPA,MPB,and MPC),with MPB further divided into MPB1 and MPB2 *** divergence of these populations was driven by past climate *** MPB2 and MPC,recent human activities have caused dramatic population decline and small population size as well as increased inbreeding,but not decrease in genomic variation and increase in genetic load probably due to strong gene flow;therefore,it is crucial to strengthen in situ habitat management for these two *** contrast,although human activities have a milder impact on MPA,it is at high risk of extinction due to long-term contraction and isolation,and genetic rescue is urgently ***1 exhibited a relatively healthy population status and can potentially serve as a source ***,our findings provide novel insights into the conservation of the Chinese pangolin and biogeography of the mammals of eastern Asia.

关键词： Manis pentadactyla conservation genomics demographic history human activities conservation strategies

Biological characteristics and conservation genetics of the narrowly distributed rare plant Cinnamomum chago(Lauraceae)

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Plant Diversity 2016年第5期38卷 247-252页

作者： Wenjing Dong Xue Zhang Yang Guansong Liu Yang Yuehua Wang Shikang Shen School of Life Sciences Yunnan University

Cinnarnomum chago （family Lauraceae） is an essential source of timber and oil. This plant is narrowly distributed in the western part of the Yunnan Province. In this study, the distribution, habitat, and biological characteristics of C chago were examined through field investigation. The genetic diversity and the variation of the remnant populations were also studied using the inter-simple sequence repeat technique. Results showed that C chago is mainly distributed in the upstream tributary mountains of Lancang River in Yunlong County of Yunnan Province. The species distribution exhibited a fragmented pattern with five isolated populations and high-frequency anthropogenic interference. A combination of morphological features （opposite leaves, pinnate leaf veins, absence of glandular fossa, large drupe, small punch, and pollen surface with triangular spike grain, with cushion bumps at the base） indicated that C. chago is a key phylogenetic taxon between the two sections of Asian Cinnamomurn plants （Sect. Camphora （Trew） Meissn. and Sect. Cinnamomum）. Analysis of the genetic diversity of C. chago indicated that it has a moderately high level of genetic diversity at the population and species levels （populations level： Ne - 1.629, H = 0.348, I=0.504, and PPB = 83.3%; species level： Ne - 1.864, H = 0.460, I = 0.652, and PPB - 100%）. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 17% of the genetic variation was divided between the populations, whereas 83% was observed within the populations. Based on these results, we suggest the inclusion of C. chago in the Wild Plants with Extremely Small Populations in China. Moreover, the species should be given special attention and protection. Some strategies were proposed for the conservation of the C. chago populations.

关键词： Cinnamornum chago Habitat Biological characteristicGenetic diversity conservation strategies

Earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula:a portrait of vulnerability,sustainability and conservation

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Built Heritage 2021年第3期5卷 159-170页

作者： Camilla Mileto Fernando Vegas López‑Manzanares Valentina Cristini Lidía García Soriano Polytechnic University of Valencia Camino de Vera s/n46022 ValenciaSpain

For more than a decade,a wide range of Spanish case studies,relating especially to rural inner or abandoned sites and areas,have been analysed by the authors as part of diferent research projects linked with traditional and monumen‑tal architecture,conservation strategies and earthen *** one hand the studies have been undertaken in the framework of a project concerning the conservation of rammed earth in the Iberian Peninsula,including criteria,techniques,results and perspectives and,on the other,by a project about the conservation and rehabilitation of tradi‑tional earthen architecture in the Iberian Peninsula,providing guidelines and tools for its sustainable *** all cases the researchers’eforts focused on enhancing new perspectives and opportunities for rural earthen buildings,analysing landscapes,contexts,constructive features,decay and *** fnal common aim of this research is to stress these crucial topics to improve tangible or intangible opportunities for conservation strategies.

关键词： Risk analysis conservation strategies Constructive techniques Preservation tools RES-TAPIA SOS-TIERRA

Tree-ring:a suitable implement for spatial and temporal fire distribution analysis in savanna woodland and dry forest

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Journal of Forestry Research 2015年第2期26卷 435-446页

作者： Franck Sinsin Romain GlèlèKaka? Bettina Orthmann Brice Sinsin Laboratoire d’Ecologie Appliquée Faculté des Sciences AgronomiquesUniversité d’Abomey-Calavi03 BP 1974 CotonouBénin Laboratory of Biomathematics and Forest Estimations Faculté des Sciences AgronomiquesUniversité d’Abomey-Calavi03 BP 1974 CotonouBénin Institute of Biosciences University of Rostock

Based on 120 stem discs collected during3 months of fieldwork along a 12 km route,the history of fires in the Wari Maro Forest（09 1000 N–02 1000E） over the past century in savanna woodland and dry forest was *** major ecological areas are characterized：one highly burnt zone located between two relative less burnt *** analyzing tree rings,246 fire scars were *** scars were caused by 51 fire years,occurring at a mean interval of 2.23 *** 1890 to1965,only 6 years with fires were recorded from sampled *** 1966,no year has passed without *** fire frequency point scale reached 14 *** was the case of Burkea africana,which has been identified as a species tolerant to fire and could be planted to create a natural *** contrast,Anogeissus leiocarpa is highly sensitive to fire,and in a dry forest ecosystem that burns seasonally,it requires a special conservation *** new concepts are described：the rebarking of trees after fire and Mean Kilometer Fire *** first concept was tested with Daniellia oliveri（Rolfe） Hutch ＆ Dalz trees,and the second concept was used to evaluate spatial fire *** demonstrate that savanna woodland and dry forest were subject to a degradation process caused by destructive fires related to vegetation cover clearance and illegal logging.

关键词： Fire ecology Tree-rings Savanna woodland Dry forest conservation strategies

Phylogenetic conservatism in threatened species responses to climate change differs between functional types in the Gongga Mountains of China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2023年第12期20卷 3568-3581页

作者： ZU Kui-ling Nawal SHRESTHA JIANG Yong JIA Guo-qing PENG Shi-jia ZHU Xiang-yun WANG Zhi-heng Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Forest Ecosystem Protection and Restoration of Poyang Lake Watershed College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchang 330045China Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education College of Urban and Environmental SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100093China State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityGansuLanzhou 730000China Administration of Gongga Mountain National Nature Reserve Kangding 626000China

Climate change has become one of the most critical threats to global ***,whether phylogenetically related species respond to climate change in similar ways remains *** answer to this question is crucial for understanding the impacts of climate change and the conservation on the tree of *** integrating species distribution models with a molecular phylogeny of 50 threatened plant species from one of the global biodiversity hotspots,Gongga Mountains(***)in southwest China,we evaluated the responses of threatened plant species to future climate change,and estimated whether species responses are phylogenetically *** reconstruction was used to calculate the phylogenetic distance and null model to verify the reliability of the *** found that correlations between responses of different species to future climate change decreased with the increase in their phylogenetic distance in the monocotyledonous or herbaceous species,but not in the dicotyledonous and woody *** results suggested that the responses of herbaceous and monocotyledonous threatened species in *** to future climate change tend to be phylogenetically conserved,while the responses of woody and dicotyledonous threatened species are *** study provides evidence for the existence of phylogenetically non-random extinction in the monocotyledonous herbs in *** and highlights the importance of integrating phylogenetic information and evolutionary history into conservation *** also provide theoretical basis and technical support for designing effective conservation schemes for the protection of biodiversity under anthropogenic climate change.

关键词： conservation strategies Climate suitability Mountain plants Phylogenetic distance Species distribution models

Evaluation of Ecological Effectiveness of Protected Areas in Northwest China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2017年第2期27卷 259-272页

作者： YE Xin LIU Guohua LI Zongshan GONG Li WANG Meng WANG Hao State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Protected areas(PAs) have experienced explosive growth in Northwest China over the last three decades, but their effectiveness in representing regional ecological system diversity has not attracted considerable attention. Low effectiveness would exacerbate the conservation-development conflicts, particularly those that arise as a result of the Great Western Development Strategy(GWDS). Thus, an assessment of the effectiveness of the PA network has become quite important. We proposed natural vegetation communities to represent regional ecological system diversities, and proposed Global 200 Priority Ecoregions, Important Bird Areas, and ecosystem function regions to represent important conservation areas. To determine their effectiveness, we studied the extent to which ecological system diversities and important conservation areas are represented by the existing 96 PAs. Our results indicated that the total coverage of vegetation communities in PAs in Northwest China is not sufficiently comprehensive. As the PA system has expanded, the growth in the total area of the PAs has been greater than that of their vegetation community richness. While most of the important conservation areas are covered by PAs, some regions have not yet reached the 10% threshold; further, PAs are distributed unevenly and conservation gaps remain in the region. Therefore, these regions should receive more attention when planning new PAs. It is vital that more biodiversity datasets and assessment of ecosystem function regions are integrated in order to provide a basis for the government to formulate appropriate protection and development strategies.

关键词： conservation strategies biodiversity ecosystem functions protected area effectiveness ecological system representation

Achievements and challenges of primate conservation in China

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Zoological Research(Diversity and conservation) 2024年第1期1卷 66-74页

作者： Bao-Guo Li He Zhang Ming Li Xue-Long Jiang Peng-Fei Fan Jiang Zhou Song-Tao Guo Xiao-Guang Qi Jin-Hua Li Ji-Qi Lu Dong-Po Xia Liang-Wei Cui Zuo-Fu Xiang Qi-Hai Zhou Zhi-Pang Huang Cheng-Ming Huang Wen Xiao Hui-Jian Hu Zhi-Xin Zhou Ming-Yong Chen Da-Yong Li Peng-Lai Fan Yin Yang Ru-Liang Pan Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal conservation College of Life SciencesNorthwest UniversityXi’anShaanxi 710069China Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of conservation Biology College of ForestryJiangxi Agricultural UniversityNanchangJiangxi 330045China Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution Kunming Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510275China School of Karst Science Guizhou Normal UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550025China International Collaborative Research Center for Huangshan Biodiversity and Tibetan Macaque Behavioral Ecology Anhui UniversityHefeiAnhui 230601China Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhouHenan 450001China Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan Southwest Forestry UniversityKunmingYunnan 650224China College of Life Sciences and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangshaHunan 410004China Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection(Ministry of Education) Guangxi Normal UniversityGuilinGuangxi 541004China International Centre of Biodiversity and Primate conservation Centre Dali UniversityDaliYunnan 671003China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal conservation and Resource Utilization Institute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouGuangdong 510663China School of Life Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650500China Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources conservation(Ministry of Education) China West Normal UniversityNanchongSichuan 637001China Institute of International Rivers and Eco-security Yunnan UniversityKunmingYunnan 650500China School of Human Sciences The University of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

The dual impact of climate change and human activities has precipitated a sharp decline in primate biodiversity *** is home to the most diverse primate species in the Northern hemisphere,which face severe ecological threats due to the expansion of modern agriculture,extensive exploitation and consumption of natural resources,and excessive land development during its transition from an agricultural to a modern *** response,China has implemented various ecological conservation measures,including habitat restoration and *** efforts have made substantial strides in biodiversity conservation,with certain regions witnessing an increase in primate *** the current study,we conducted a systematic review of historical documents and field research data related to Chinese primates,evaluating the endangered status of primate species in *** improvements in the habitats of most primate species and some population growth,many species still face severe threats,including declining and small *** such as the Myanmar snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus strykeri),eastern black crested gibbon(Nomascus nasutus),and Hainan gibbon(***)remain particularly vulnerable due to their limited distribution ranges and extremely small *** scientific data,fragmented information,and not enough studies in conservation biology further compound the ***,there is a notable lack of detailed population monitoring data for species such as the Bengal slow loris(Nycticebus bengalensis),pygmy slow loris(***),Indochinese gray langur(Trachypithecus crepusculus),Shortridge’s langur(***),and capped langur(***),which hinders the development of practical and targeted conservation management ***,for national biodiversity conservation,there is an urgent need for specialized primate surveys,enhancing habitat protection and restoration,and increasing focus on cross-border conse

关键词： Primates Biodiversity Habitat fragmentation Habitat restoration conservation strategies

A strategic study on biodiversity conservation in Xishuangbanna

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Journal of Forestry Research 2001年第1期12卷 25-30页

作者：普映山张志毅西南林学院昆明650224 北京林业大学北京10083

Xishuangbanna harbors valuable tropical rainforests with abundant biod iversity and it is acknowledged as a treasure house of wildlife. By describing t he characteristics of its physical geography, the authors analyzed the habitat c omplex. The major vegetation types and rare wildlife were systematically studied to indicate the major elements and great value of the biodiversity. The present status of general biodiversity conservation was briefly appraised to reveal the potential crises and problems in the conservation practice. Based on the theori es and experience borrowed from modern conservation biology and innovations at h ome and abroad, 4 primary strategies were accordingly suggested to establish a b eneficial mutual-improvement mechanism for the better conservation so that the b iodiversity conservation and utilization can be properly integrated, the local p eople's livelihood effectively uplifted and their over-dependence on the resourc es relatively lessened.

关键词： Biodiversity conservation strategies Xishuangbanna

Payment for Water-Related Ecosystem Services as a Strategic Watershed Management Approach

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2023年第8期14卷 660-684页

作者： Mariana Beraldi Rigonato Kaline de Mello Roberta Averna Valente Luiz Carlos Faria Department of Environmental Science Federal University of Sao Carlos Sorocaba Brazil

Payments for ecosystem services (PES) have been created worldwide to assist watershed management and improve or maintain water quality. Considering their importance, we conducted a holistic review of payment for water-related ecosystem services to understand how this instrument has been applied in watershed management worldwide. First, we identified the watershed management actions considered by the PES programs and the challenges of implementing water-related PES. After we identified the methods and criteria used to define priority areas for water-related PES. Our review considered articles published on the Web of Science from 2011 to 2022. We found 236 articles relating PES to water resources, highlighting the main water conservation strategies: native vegetation conservation, native vegetation restoration, and implementing best agricultural practices. The method most frequent was interview, followed by the use of technologies, document analysis, and hydrological models. Another significant result was that priority areas for receiving PES are mainly riparian zones, areas near or with native vegetation cover, areas with higher erosion potential, steep areas, and areas with socially vulnerable communities. This review was crucial to identify efficient water resource conservation strategies and potential challenges in the implementation and development of PES programs.

关键词： Payment for Ecosystem Services Water Resources conservation strategies Watershed Management Landscape Planning