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Electroosmotic Water Vapor Transport across Novel, Smart, Functionalized conducting Polymer Microporous Membranes in Active Mode at Very High Rates, with Concomitant Chemical Warfare (CW) Agent Blocking

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Advances in Materials Physics and Chemistry 2013年第4期3卷 217-237页

作者： Prasanna Chandrasekhar Petar Pirgov Brian J. Zay David Lawrence Sean Morefield Tilghman L. Rittenhouse Salvatore G. Clementi Quoc Truong Russell R. Greene Ashwin-Ushas Corporation Marlboro NJ USA Chemical and Biological Technologies Directorate US Defense Threat Reduction Agency (DTRA) Fort Belvoir VA USA Hazardous Materials Research Center (HMRC) Battelle Columbus Laboratories Battelle Memorial Institute Columbus OH USA US Army Engineer Research and Development Center Construction Engineering Research Laboratory (ERDC-CERL) Champaign IL USA Warrior Science Technology and Applied Research Directorate US Army Natick Soldier Research Development and Engineering (RD&E) Center Natick MA USA

Electroosmotic water vapor transport (WVT) across very thin, flexible, functionalized conducting polymer (CP) microporous (μP) membranes at a very high rate is reported. Both passive and active (6 VDC applied) WVT are reported, the latter for the first time ever. WVT occurs with concomitant, effective blocking of chemical warfare (CW) agents, again demonstrated for the first time ever. Initial active liquid||membrane||liquid interface studies demonstrated WVT rates of >1.7 × 10-5g .mm-2s-1, >3 × the highest prior reported values of 5 × 10-6g.mm-2s-1. Subsequent vapor||membrane|| vapor interface studies using industry-standard methods (including ASTM E96B Upright Cup (“WVT”), ASTM F2298 (“Dynamic Moisture Permeation Cell”) and ASTM F1868 (“Sweating Guard Hotplate”) were done at independent, external labs for independent corroboration. These yielded, e.g., WVT values of2564.4 g.m2.d-1 (passive) and3706.7 g.m2d-1 (active), to be compared with the highest (passive) value ever reported previously,984.8 g.m2.d-1 for a μP-Nylon membrane. More than 15 different membrane configurations, porosities and types were studied, including membranes with CP + organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), an enzyme reactive to CW agents. Efficient blocking of the actual CW agents GB, HD, VX is also reported, using the TOP-8-2-501standard. Membranes also passed all Industry-standard durability tests, e.g. ASTM D2261 (Tearing), ASTM D5034 (Breaking), ASTM D3886 (Abrasion), ASTM F392 (Gelbo Flex). Incorporation into smart soldiers’ garments was demonstrated;power consumption was -2. Mechanisms of enhanced WVT and CW agent blocking in the membranes are discussed.

关键词： Electroosmotic Transport Smart Microporous Membrane conducting Polymer Functionalized

Electrochemical, Photophysical, and Magnetic Properties of Green Emitting bis(2,5-Hexyloxy)-Phenylene-<i>alt</i>-Thiophene Fluorescent conducting Oligomer Addended Fullerene-Diol Dyad

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International Journal of Organic Chemistry 2013年第3期3卷 49-64页

作者： Rachana Singh Rimpa Jaiswal Thakohari Goswami Electronics and Smart Materials Division Defence Materials and Stores Research and Development Establishment Kanpur India School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta USA

Towards the development of potential new organic photovoltaic and optoelectronic materials, a simple route to synthesize flexibly ether linked fullerene-bis[oligo-(phenylene-alt-thiophene)] and evaluation of electrochemical, photophysical and magnetic properties is presented. Flexible ether linking of oligo-phenylene-thiophene chain to 1, 2 C60(OH)2 is achieved employing Williamson’s ether synthesis. 7-chain phenylene-thiophene chain fluorescent conducting oligomer is synthesized using Grignard coupling reaction with preservation of bromo end groups. Oligomer is highly ordered and soluble in all organic solvents while on linking to fullerene-diol, solubility of adduct restricts only to dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). All the synthesized materials are characterized through spectroscopic techniques and molecular weight is determined by mass spectrometry and GPC. Properties of the material indicate the substantial effect of fullerene. High quenching in fluorescence intensity and strong paramagnetic property are observed in this material.

关键词： Fullerene-Diol Fluorescent conducting Oligomer Electrochemical Properties Photophysical Properties Magnetic Properties

Preparation and Characterization of Reduced Graphene-P3HT Composite Thin Films for Use as Transparent conducting Electrodes

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2018年第5期9卷 464-472页

作者： Lam Minh Long Dang Dinh Long Nguyen Phuong Hoai Nam Nguyen Trong Tinh Sergei Antonovic Chizhik Nguyen Nang Dinh University of Engineering and Technology VNU in Hanoi Hanoi Vietnam Institute of Applied Physics and Scientific Instrument Vietnamese Academy of Science and Technology Hanoi Vietnam A.V. Luikov Heat and Mass Transfer Institute National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Minsk Belarus

With the aim of producing simple and effective transparent conducting electrodes, the conducting polymer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) incorporated with reduced graphene oxide film (rGO) (called rGO-P3HT) was prepared by spin-coating method. Structural, electrical and optical characterization showed that rGO-P3HT films 9.0 wt% P3HT exhibited good stability when exposed to the ambient atmosphere. These composite films of 200 nm thickness possess a sheet resistance and transparency of R□~ 17Ω and T ~ 72%, respectively. Owing to containing conducting polymer, rGO-P3HT-coated glass could be efficiently used in photovoltaic applications, in organic solar cells in particular, with the replacement of the indium tin oxide (ITO) and fluorine tin oxide (FTO) electrodes.

关键词： Composite rGO-P3HT Thin Films Transparent conducting Electrode Sheet Resistance Transmittance

Low Temperature Electrical Transport Studies of the conducting Polymer Versicon™

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2019年第10期10卷 504-512页

作者： Peter K. LeMaire Department of Physics & Engineering Physics Central Connecticut State University New Britain CT USA

Thermal analysis and low temperature D.C. electrical transport measurements of the conducting polymer Versicon? were carried out between 20 K and 300 K. The material was found to be stable up to 498 K (225°C), with a glass transition at 210 K (-63°C), and a crystalline transition at 436 K (163°C). The electrical resistivity data best fitted the Fluctuation Induced Tunneling (FIT) model, suggesting that at low temperatures, the electron transport is by tunneling through thermally modulated barriers. The high temperature data best fitted the thermally activated hopping model, with an activation energy of 0.015 eV, suggesting that the thermally activated hopping may be a parallel transport process to fluctuation induced tunneling, becoming dominant at higher temperatures. From the FIT model the inter-particle distance was estimated to be 12 ?. The electrical transport results were also consistent with the assertion that Versicon? forms spherical aggregates, creating conducting pathways even in an insulating matrix.

关键词： Polyaniline Electrical Transport Thermal Analysis conducting Polymer Low Temperature

An Analysis of Heat Explosion for Thermally Insulated and conducting Systems

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Applied Mathematics 2012年第6期3卷 535-540页

作者： Irina Viktorova Michael Scruggs Ian Zeller Kyle Fairchild Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University Clemson USA Department of Mathematical Sciences Clemson University Clemson USA Department of Mechanical Engineering Clemson University Clemson USA

In the scope of material science, it is well understood that mechanical behavior of a material is temperature dependent. The converse is also true and for specific loading cases contributes to a unique thermal failure mechanism known as “heat explosion”. The goal for this paper is to improve the mathematical models for predicting heat explosion by using a specific case of the Fourier heat transfer system that focuses on thermoviscoelastic properties of materials. This is done by using a computational analysis to solve for an internal heat parameter that determines thermal failure at a critical value. This critical value is calculated under conditions either accounting for or negating the effect of heat dissipated by the material. This model is an improvement on existing models because it accounts for material specific properties and in doing so limits mathematical assumptions of the system. By limiting the assumptions in the conditions of the model, the model becomes more accurate and useful in regards to material design.

关键词： Computational Analysis conducting System Heat Explosion Heating Parameters Insulated System Self-Heating Thermal Failure

Numerical Method for Solving Electromagnetic Wave Scattering by One and Many Small Perfectly conducting Bodies

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American Journal of Computational Mathematics 2017年第4期7卷 413-434页

作者： Nhan T. Tran Department of Mathematics Kansas State University Manhattan USA

In this paper, we investigate the problem of electromagnetic (EM) wave scattering by one and many small perfectly conducting bodies and present a numerical method for solving it. For the case of one body, the problem is solved for a body of arbitrary shape, using the corresponding boundary integral equation. For the case of many bodies, the problem is solved asymptotically under the physical assumptions a d a is the characteristic size of the bodies, d is the minimal distance between neighboring bodies, λ = 2π/k is the wave length and k is the wave number. Numerical results for the cases of one and many small bodies are presented. Error analysis for the numerical method is also provided.

关键词： Electromagnetic Scattering Many Bodies Perfectly conducting Body Integral Equation EM Waves

Discussion on‘A review of distributed statistical inference’

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Statistical Theory and Related Fields 2022年第2期6卷 102-103页

作者： Yang Yu Guang Cheng Department of Statistics Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA

We congratulate the authors on an impressive team effort to comprehensively review various statistical esti-mation and inference methods in distributed frame-works.This paper is an excellent resource for any-one wishing to understand why distributed inference is important in the era of big data,what the challenges of conducting distributed inference instead of centralized inference are,and how statisticians propose solutions to overcome these challenges.

关键词： overcome statistic conducting

Development of conducting Polythiophene

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Journal of China Textile University(English Edition) 1999年第4期16卷 112-114页

作者：杨庆沈新元

Polythiophene and its derivatives are getting more andmore attention as a new kind of conducting polymers.Their conductivity,application,possible processingmethods and development are discussed in this article.

关键词： polythiophene derivative conducting application

STUDY ON POLYPYRROLE-VISCOSE conducting FIBER

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Journal of China Textile University(English Edition) 1996年第1期13卷 1-8页

作者：江建明张玉梅李光

The conductivity of Polypyrrole-viscose conducting fiber prepared with author’s method can be shown up to as high as 2.106x10-2 S/cm. The main factors influencing the conductivity are the concentration of FeCl3 used as dopant and initiator, the treatment time of viscose fiber as base material in FeCl3 solution, temperature and polymerization time. It is found that the orientation and crystallization degree of viscose fiber keep constant before and after conducting treatment and the mechanical properties of conducting fiber is the same as that of base material. In addition, the distribution of polypyrrole in viscose fiber, and its effect on the conductivity were investigated in details by TEM.

关键词： viscose conducting fiber mechanical properties supermolecular structures polypyrrole conductivity base polymer