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Subcutaneous Model for the Study of Dengue Virus Infection in Immune competent Mice

Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2018年第5期6卷 97-110页

作者： Beatriz Senra Santos Natalia Lima Pessoa Natalia Lucinda Gustavo Cardoso de Oliveira Thais Souza Silva Ketyllen Reis Andrade Ketyllen Reis Andrade Bruno Galvã o Filho Marcele Neves Rocha Alexandre Vieira Machado Pedro Augusto Alves É rica Alessandra Rocha Alves Erna Geessien Kroon Marco Antô nio Campos Instituto René Rachou Funda&amp amp ccedil & amp atilde o Oswaldo Cruz Fiocruz Belo Horizonte Brazil Departamento de Microbiologia Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuá ria Laborat&amp amp oacute rio de Virologia Brasilia Brazil

Various mouse models to study dengue have been described by different authors, some of them using immunodeficient or some using humanized mice. Our group reported previously a deadly murine model, which used the intracranial inoculum of highly virulent Dengue virus (DENV) in immune competent mouse. Here we present a model of immune competent mouse (C57BL/6), infected subcutaneously by the same highly virulent DENV (DENV3 genotype I). In this immunocompetent systemic mice model, the cytokine levels and hematological parameters such as total and differential leukocyte and platelets counts, together with weight loss, were considered important monitoring parameters, allowing a better understanding of the systemic human disease. Mice were inoculated subcutaneously and evaluated by the percentage weight variation as well as the clinical signs. Hematological parameters and cytokines levels were measured and viral titration in brain tissue or serum neutralization was performed to confirm mice infection. The subcutaneously DENV inoculated mice showed weight loss after infection, but they did not show any other clinical signs. The leukocytes and platelets decreased after subcutaneous inoculation. The cytokines TNF alpha and IFN gamma increased after infection in mice. The subcutaneous model provided scope for improved understanding of the dengue pathogenesis, as well as possible mechanism for protection to subsequent mouse infected by intracranial route in mice. This model could be used to study the vertebrate immune response and evaluation of drugs or vaccine against dengue virus.

关键词： Subcutaneous Murine Model Dengue Disease Immune competent Mouse Cytokines Innate Immune Response

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Prevention of Cancer and Cancer Re-Occurrences by Immunization, by Using Immune competent Cells, and by Affecting Molecular Mechanisms of Cancerogenesis

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Journal of Immune Based Therapies, Vaccines and Antimicrobials 2014年第3期3卷 33-36页

作者： Simon Skurkovich Boris Skurkovich Advanced Biotherapy Laboratories Rockville USA Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University Providence USA

Primary cancers can be prevented by immunizations. We suggest immunizing healthy people, especially the ones with genetic predisposition to cancer, with a standard oncoantigen. In patients suffering from cancer, immunotherapy can be effective only if it is administered during complete remission. Immune competent cells, like T-lymphocytes and bone marrow, are the most important components for cancer prevention and treatment. Because of the dramatic increase in the incidence of cancer, it is important to offer all adults with absolutely healthy immune system an opportunity to donate their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells and preserve them at -196。C. These cells can later be used by the same people in auto-system if they develop cancer. Patients who had their cancerous tumors surgically removed can also have their own T-lymphocytes and bone marrow cells collected during remission and then used in auto-system in case of cancer reoccurrence. It is also possible to impact on cancer development during the process of cancerogenesis by administering large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA (displacement) together with nucleases (directly into the tumor or blood). In addition, blockers of cytokines that suppress immune system should be administered as well. It is intriguing to think that injection of large amounts of normal DNA and possibly different types of RNA together with nucleases to patients with chronic and hereditary diseases (diabetes Type II, schizophrenia, and other similar diseases) can lead to therapeutic effect.

关键词： Cancers Immunization Immune competent Cells Cancer Remission

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Chief Requirements for a competent Communicator

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兰州教育学院学报 1989年第2期5卷 55-58页

作者：张向向

In China’s opening to the outside world,a large number of competentcommunicators are badly needed in the fields of industry,science andtechnology,commerce,tourism and the *** to the lack of compe-tent communicators,the foreign language learners are confronted with aproblem of how to develop their communicative *** is a compe-tent communicator?One may *** brief,a competent communicator is

关键词： tourism learner speaker competent brief speaking sentences badly commerce situations

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Development and Application of a Transformation-competent Artificial chromosome (TAG) Genomic DNA Library in Allotetrapolid Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L. )

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棉花学报 2002年第S1期14卷 52-52页

作者： Xiao-e LIANG, Jin-feng SUO, Yong-biao XUE(Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100080, China) Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology The Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100080 China

The technology of cloning and transferring oflarge DNA fragments in plants is important forhigh-efficient identification of new genes andstudy of gene ***-competent artificial chromosome(TAC)vectorsystem has been show... 详细信息

关键词： Gossypium TAG Cotton chromosome competent Transformation cloning Genomic cotton DNA

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Marxism and Leftist Populism in Southern Europe To-day

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学术界 2019年第1期 185-189页

作者： Jacques Bidet Université de Paris X-Nanterre

Thanks to globalization and the emergence of the digital,capitalism progressively arrives to the stage of neoliberal financial hegemony. Therefore,in Europe today,Marxism remains powerful only in the form of leftist populism among the"radical left",as social-democrats and socialists have been largely absorbed by the right. However,because the struggle for hegemony is not only a binary relationship but also a triangular relationship,the only conceivable emancipation strategy is the old Marxist one,which is both dual,popular class against ruling class,and triangular,between three social forces (plus the competent). In this way,the popular class can access itself competence-power by associating with the competent and putting them under its own hegemony.

关键词： leftist populism Marxism neolibralism triangular relationship the competent

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Theoretical Basis for Multiple Criteria Analysis of Variants and Selection of the Most Effective Technological Scheme for Hard Rock Surface Mining

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Engineering（科研） 2011年第1期3卷 83-89页

作者： Antipas T. S. Massawe Mussa Daniel 不详

The technological scheme of a hard rock surface mine is a multiple level production system of interdependently func-tioning elements. Selection of the optimum combination of its elements constitutes a complex multiple variant and criteria problem of decision making. In this paper describes the theoretical part of the method proposed for the quantitative analysis and selection of the most competent technological schemes, based on the mathematical formulations of the selection criteria of the element of each level as functions of the alternative variants of the elements of the level and its adjacent levels. It is realized in accordance to standard procedures of decision making in the formation of the economical mathematical model of the cumulative influence of levels and elements on the effectiveness of all alternative variants in their analysis and generation of a small subset of the most competent variants, which are subjected to further analysis using the criterion of reliability in the generation of the optimum technological scheme. The scientific challenge inherent in its realization constitutes a PhD research opportunity for those interested in the problems of optimization in hard rock surface mines.

关键词： Level Alternative Variants Technological Schemes Selection competent Variants

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Stricter Administration on Foreign-Funded Projects

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China Chemical Reporter 2008年第22期19卷 6-6页

The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) announced on July 8th that China will strictly implement a system for examination and approval of foreign-funded projects to further strengthen the admin-istration... 详细信息

关键词： funded approval inflow admin competent conduct abn

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The Synthesis of Aspects on the Management of Second Language Teaching

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语言与文化研究 2009年第1期004卷 11-16页

作者：李阳李晓理中国传媒大学外国语学院英语系北京科技大学信息工程学院自动化系

Principles which teachers should adhere to in second language class are based on the synthesis of linguistic,cultural and competent *** paper first puts forward linguistic,cultural and competent aspects of second language ***,the principles which teachers should adhere to in second language class are ***,the synthesis implication for second language teaching is presented.

关键词： linguistic cultural and competent aspects second l

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On Impact Of Jargons And Terminologies On Interpreting

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海外英语 2016年第14期 128-131页

作者：李国清宋长荣山东钢铁集团有限公司

As one of the major kind of impediments to interpreters,jargons and terminologies are frequently used and many interpreters regard them as a big *** through a test of 12 subjects on their interpreting performances and impediments and another test of some subjects on their ability to discriminate some so-called technical terms at a mining company in Sierra Leone,West Africa,it is found that jargons and terminologies are comparatively more difficult to some interpreters while much simple to others with a large enough *** are only comparable concepts which are not insurmountable.

关键词： vocabulary interpreting speakers enough challenge competent discriminate interpretation majors cogni

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China Education Association for International Exchange and AFS China

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International Understanding 2015年第4期 54-56页

作者： Sheng Jinxue Shu Chang CEAIE

China Education Association for International Exchange(CEAIE)was founded in July 1981 and granted the Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations in *** a nationwide none-for... 详细信息

关键词： founded educational granted nationwide conducting profit helping competent cooperation committed

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