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Deadly oasis:Recurrent annihilation of Cretaceous desert bryophyte colonies;the role of solar,climate and lithospheric forcing

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Juan Pedro Rodríguez-Lópeza Eduardo Barrón Daniel Peyrot Gary B.Hughes Department of Geology.Faculty of Science.United Arab Emirates University.50009.Al Ain Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates Instituto Geológico y Minero de Espana(IGME) Ríos Rosas 23E-28003MadridSpain School of Earth and Environment University of Western Australia.6101CrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia Centre for Energy Geosciences University of Western Australia.6101CrawleyWestern AustraliaAustralia Physics Department University of CaliforniaSanta BarbaraCA93106USA

Many oases(wet interdunes)are sedimentary systems characterized by high-frequency water-level oscillations,marked changes in salinity and intense biological activity at their *** are considered to be one of the most challenging environments on Earth for ecosystem *** dynamic,depositional settings are usually unfavourable for fossilization and subsequent preservation of vegetal *** paper describes bryophyte(liverwort)assemblages occurring in three successive horizons interpreted to represent(i)recurrent early successional phases of biological soil crust colonization of wet interdune margins or(ii)exceptional preservation of floating or riparian liverworts in oasis pond waters associated with a progressive fall of the interdune water *** record of in situ colonization surfaces characterized by delicate(***-free)three-dimensional structures represents an exceptional type of preservation herein associated with a rapid variation in phreatic interdune water level and the subsequent establishment of anoxic and reducing *** occurrence of exceptionally preserved liverwort colonies coincides with the sedimentary record of,at least,three seismite levels in the *** gathered from the site suggests that the water table of the oasis was controlled by a combination of(i)a positive creation of accommodation space due to subsidence associated with movement on syn-sedimentary extensional faults,and(ii)the rise and fall of the oasis water table controlled by the oscillations of the groundwater system due to orbital changes which appear to drive the variability of the climate *** groundwater levels flooded the oasis soil crusts and lead to the exceptional recurrent preservation of liverwort colonies at the oasis ***,considering the hypothesis of floating or riparian liverworts in the oasis pond waters,the fall in the level of the oasis water table placed the floating liverworts in contact with the

关键词： Oasis Cretaceous Liverworts colonies Extensional tectonics Solar cyclicity

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Growth of Circulating Tumor Cell-Derived colonies from Peripheral Blood of Melanoma Patients: Preliminary Characterization of Colony Composition

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Health 2014年第12期6卷 1467-1481页

作者： Wolfram E. Samlowski John R. McGregor Suzanne T. Samlowski Shweta Tharkar Shirley Shen Joel S. Bentz Department of Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Centers of Nevada Las Vegas USA Genomics Core Facility University of Nevada Las Vegas Las Vegas USA LMC Pathology Las Vegas USA TrueCells LLC Las Vegas USA

Circulating tumor cells (CTC) are rarely detected in the blood of cancer patients, even though they are a direct harbinger of eventual patient demise. We developed an innovative CTC culture technology to allow more sensitive isolation, expansion, and characterization of viable colonies from patient blood. In this assay, the entire leukocyte fraction from 10 ml of anticoagulated patient blood is placed into culture medium without any pre-selection. After 16 days in culture, CTC derived colonies are counted. As a proof-of-principle, blood samples from 58 Stage IIa-IV melanoma patients were tested. Ninety percent of these samples grew colonies. The colony numbers ranged from 0 - 308 (mean 63 ± 9.5 SEM). Ten normal volunteers had virtually no growth (mean 0.5 ± 1.4 colonies). colonies were harvested using a micropipette for characterization. Tumor-cell containing spheroids were embedded in paraffin, sectioned, and stained with melanoma-specific mAb for histologic characterization. MITF proved to be the most consistent immunostain that identified melanoma cells in these colonies. A host-cell component in colonies was also identified using CD68 and CD43 mAb staining. Following enzymatic dissociation of colonies, a variety of immunostains were tested. Papanicolau staining proved most useful for identifying the abnormal nuclei of tumor cells. Flow cytometry could readily distinguish host and tumor cell populations based on DNA content and forward/side scatter in dissociated colonies. The stem cell marker ALDH1A1 associated with the aneuploid population, but CD45 was expressed on both diploid and aneuploid cells. The ability to repeatedly isolate CTC derived colonies from cancer patient blood samples opens the door to a novel type of long-term clinical monitoring. This novel CTC culture technology may prove useful to perform molecular characterization, assessment of treatment response, and testing of drug sensitivity and resistance in patients during treatment.

关键词： Circulating Tumor Cells CTC colonies CTC Cultures Melanoma Flow Cytometry CTC Derived colonies

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Evidence for pentagonal symmetry in living and model cellular systems

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Natural Science 2011年第10期3卷 866-883页

作者： John J. Wille 不详

Microscope observations of normal human ke- ratinocytes (NHK) propagated in a serum-free medium reveal a high frequency (>70%) of pentagonally-shaped colonies over a wide range of colony sizes that persist over many sequential cell generations. NHK colonies derived from sin- gle cell isolates also display pentagonal symme- try as confirmed by a photographic technique known as “Markham Rotation”. The generality of pentagonal cellular morphology was extended to observations in situ of pentagonally-shaped basal layer epidermal cells of normal human epidermis, monolayer cultures of normal and immortalized keratinocytes, several different ch- ick embryo cells, and in previously published photographs. Statistical methods were applied that differentiate planar close-packing of polygonal configurations observed in living cellular system from several examples of non-living cellular aggregates that were produced spontaneously in nature or in the laboratory under defined physico-chemical conditions.

关键词： Cells colonies in Vitro Tissue Culture Mammalian Tissues Model Tissues Pentagonal Symmetry Rotational Symmetry Analysis

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Britain’s War against the French Revolution 1793–1802

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World History Studies 2016年第1期3卷 40-73页

作者： Harry T. Dickinson University of Edinburgh UK

Britain had just begun to recover from defeat in the American War of Independence when its government faced a major war against the French Revolution. In this war the British army was soon driven out of the continent of Europe and had to rely on fighting France at sea and in the colonies, especially those in the West Indies. Although smaller and with fewer people than France, Britain’s war effort was greatly aided by her strong economy, excellent financial institutions and efficient tax system. The British people, however, were divided about fighting against revolutionary France and the British government could not devise an effective strategy to defeat France in Europe. The unsatisfactory peace agreed in 1802 only halted the war for a short period. It was soon renewed and lasted until 1815.

关键词： Britain FrenchRevolution colonies WarofIdeas PeaceNegotiations

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California Bearing Ratio Test on the Bearing Capacity of a Foundation in Unsaturated Soil

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2022年第6期10卷 12-25页

作者： Reine Chancelvie Dimi Eboukou Durell Esperance Ndinga Manguet School of Geotechnical and Underground Engineering Hubei University of Technology Wuhan China School of Management and Economics Hubei University of Technology Wuhan China

The value of the California bearing ratio (CBR) test is an index making it possible to evaluate the load of the foundation soil and the resistance of the pavement materials. The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) of unsaturated soils is particularly related to their quality. The mechanism affecting the bearing capacity, in the case of California Bearing Ratio (CBR), has been studied as a transformation of red clay for the backfill. In this study, the effect of compaction energy on compaction characteristics and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) values was investigated. The relationship between the CBR value (California Ratio Ratio) and the degree of compaction is characterized by a gradual evolution of unsaturated soils with different water contents. The results show that the compaction degree and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) value of the soil in the cold region are insufficient, but the bearing capacity of the compacted soil after immersion under the maximum dry density can still meet the filling requirements. The red clays tested are considered useful as bedding in areas of unsaturated soils.

关键词： Compacted Soil CBR Testing Bearing Capacity colonies

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