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Differential Response of Grain Quality to cold Water Irrigation in cold Tolerant and Sensitive Lines of Rice

Agricultural Sciences in China 2005年第6期4卷 413-420页

作者： HANLong-zhi PIAOZhong-ze KohHee-jong InstituteofCropGermplasmResources ChineseAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesBeijing100081P.R.China InstituteofCropBreedingandCultivation ShanghaiAcademyofAgriculturalSciencesShanghai201106P.R.China SchoolofPlantSciences CollegeofAgriculture＆LifeSciencesSeoulNationalUniversitySuwon441-744Korea

Three rice varieties and several F3 lines with high and low cold tolerance, selected from F3 segregation lines of two crossesMilyang 23/Tong 88-7 and Milyang 23/TR22183 were used to analyze the effects of cold tolerance on the response of grainquality to cold water irrigation. The result showed that cold water irrigation led to the decrease of rice grain size. Thelength, length-width ratio and weight of brown rice grain were more sensitively affected by cold water irrigation than thewidth and thickness. The shape of brown rice grain was not significantly affected by the selection for cold tolerance at theseedling stage (CTS). The gel consistency, amylose content, peak viscosity, cool viscosity, breakdown viscosity andconsistency viscosity were decreased, while alkali digestibility value and protein content were increased by cold waterirrigation. Under normal irrigation condition the physicochemical properties of milled rice and viscogram components ofmilled rice flour were not significantly different between lines with high and low cold tolerance. Under cold water irrigationthe amylose content, peak viscosity, hot viscosity, final viscosity of rice lines with high CTS or high cold tolerance at thebooting stage (CTB) were higher, while the protein content, setback viscosity, breakdown ratio and setback ratio werelower, than those of rice lines with low cold tolerance. This implied that the cold water response of rice grain quality wasless sensitive in the lines with high cold tolerance than in the lines with low cold tolerance, and the varietal improvementfor cold tolerance would be important for grain quality improvement at the same time.

关键词： Rice cold tolerance cold water Grain quality

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Participation of H_2O_2 in Enhancement of cold Chilling by Salicylic Acid in Banana Seedlings

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2003年第5期45卷 567-573页

作者：康国章王正询孙谷畴中国科学院华南植物研究所广州510650 广州大学生物系广州510405

The possible physiological mechanism of enhancement of cold tolerance by salicylic acid (SA) in banana seedlings ( Musa acuminata cv. Williams 8188) was explored. Measurements of leakage electrolyte after 2 d of recovery at 30/22 ℃ (day/night) following 3 d of cold stress at 7 ℃ showed that pretreatment with hydroponic solution containing SA 0.3-0.9 mmol/L as foliar spray under normal growth conditions (30/22 ℃) could significantly enhance cold tolerance of banana plants. The highest enhancing effect of SA occurred at 0.5 mmol/L and it showed the lowest leakage rate of electrolyte or smaller leaf wilting area after 2 d of recovery at normal temperature from 3 d of 7 ℃ or 5 ℃ cold stress. Higher concentrations (≥2.5 mmol/L) of SA, however, caused more electrolyte leakage, indicating that they aggravated chilling damage. Enhanced cold tolerance by SA could be related to H 2O 2 metabolism. Compared with water_treated seedlings (control), SA 0.5 mmol/L treatment inhibited activities of catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), increased peroxidase (POX) activity, but did not affect the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) under normal growth conditions, and these changes might lead to an accumulation of H 2O 2, whereas SA pretreatment enhanced the activities of CAT and APX, and reduced the increase in productions of H 2O 2 and thiobarbituric acid_reaction substances (TBARS) during subsequent 7 ℃ cold stress and recovery periods. Exogenous H 2O 2 treatments (1.5 -2.5 mmol/L) also increased cold tolerance of banana seedlings. Furthermore, pretreatment of banana seedlings with dimethylthiourea (a trap for H 2O 2) significantly inhibited cold tolerance induced by SA. These results suggested that endogenous H 2O 2 may be required for SA_enhanced cold tolerance. The significance of the interaction of SA, H 2O 2 and H 2O 2_metabolizing enzymes during cold stress has been discussed.

关键词： salicylic acid banana ( Musa acuminata cv. Williams 8188) cold stress antioxidant enzyme activities cold tolerance H 2O 2 metabolism

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Effects of cold Acclimation on Several Enzyme Activities in Euonymus radicans ‘Emorald & Gold’and Its Relation to Semi-lethal Temperature

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Forestry Studies in China 2004年第1期6卷 10-17页

作者： GuoHuihong GaoShumin ZhaoFengjun LiFenglan CollegeofBiologicalSciencesandBiotechnology BeijingForestryUniversityBeijing100083P.R.China

The changes in activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and ATPase in the leaves of Euonymus radicans were studied when seedlings were cold-acclimated (at 4 ℃) for 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and then treated for 1 d under low temperature stress (at 5 ℃). The semi-lethal temperatures of acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were also investigated. The results indicated that the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of the seedlings treated at 4 ℃ for 1, 2 and 3 weeks were all higher than those of unacclimated seedings (treated at 22 ℃ as controls). The activities of SOD and POD increased continuously with the prolongation of the time of cold acclimation, but stepped up to summits then down to the levels of the controls. The activities of SOD culminated at the first week, and the activities of POD at the second week. When acclimated and unacclimated seedlings were both treated at 5 ℃ for 1 d, the activities of the three enzymes in the leaves of acclimated seedlings were a little lower than those before stress, but higher than those of the controls. Moreover, the decrease rate of enzyme activities was greatly lower than that of the controls. The results showed that cold acclimation could enhance the stability of the three enzymes in the leaves of seedlings under low temperature stress; the semi-lethal temperature was 19.1 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 4 ℃ for 3 weeks, but it was 5.4 ℃ when the seedlings were treated at 22 ℃. The decline of the semi-lethal temperature caused by the adaptive changes of enzyme activities was one of the foundations of enhancing the cold tolerance.

关键词： cold acclimation Euonymus radicans superoxide dismutase peroxidase ATPase semi-lethal temperature cold tolerance

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Effect of 6-BA on Physiological Changes in Two Palm Seedlings Under Varied Temperaures

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2016年第3期23卷 1-9页

作者： Ruan Zhi-ping Yao Bi-yan Li Zhen-ji Xiamen Botanical Garden Xiamen 361003 Fujian China National Palm Conservation & Breeding Centre of State Forestry Administration Xiamen 361003 Fujian China College of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China

The effects of 6-benzylaminopurine （6-BA） on several physiological indexes of Caryota mitis and C. obtusa seedlings treated at varied temperatures were conducted, the leaves of the two palm species were sprayed with 0, 25, 50 and 100 mg · L1 6-BA solutions, the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase （POD）, and the contents of malondialdehyde （MDA）, proline, soluble protein, chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b were determined under 25 ℃, 5 ℃ and 25 ℃ for 24 h, respectively. The dynamics of a series of important physiological components derived from the leaves were studied. It was indicated that all the above mentioned physiological indexes varied with different concentrations of 6-BA and temperature. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation values for different concentrations of 6-BA at the recovery temperature 25℃ were 0.33, 0.28, 0.92 and 0.33, respectively for C. mitis, and 0.20, 0.49, 0.56 and 0.63, respectively for C. obtusa. It was concluded that leaves sprayed with different concentrations of 6-BA could affect the cold tolerance of palm seedlings. The optimal concentration of 6-BA was different for different palm species.

关键词： 6-BA palm seedling varied temperature physiological index cold tolerance

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Rice Tocopherol Deficiency1 Encodes a Homogentisate Phytyltransferase Essential for Tocopherol Biosynthesis and Regulates Overall Development in Rice

Rice Tocopherol Deficiency1 Encodes a Homogentisate Phytyltr...

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江苏省遗传学会2017年学术研讨会——“技术创新与遗传学发展”

作者：张云辉 Suobing Zhang Jing Lin Yingjie Wang 方先文 Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Tocopherols, well known as vitamin E, are a group of important lipid-soluble antioxidants that play indispensable roles in living organisms. The physiological functions of tocopherols have been comprehensively characterized in animals and artificial membranes;they participate in the stabilization of membranes by quenching and scavenging reactive oxygen species and free radicals, as well as protecting polyunsaturated fatty acids from lipid peroxidation. However, molecular functions of tocopherols in plants(or photosynthetic organisms) in which they are produced are less understood. This study aimed to isolate a natural tocopherol deficient mutant rtd1 in rice. The rtd1 mutant showed overall growth retardation during the whole growth period. Most of the agronomic traits of rtd1 were impaired. Map-based cloning revealed that the RTD1 gene encoded a homogentisate phytyltransferase, a key enzyme catalyzing the committed step in tocopherol biosynthesis. Tocopherols could not be detected in the mutant by high-performance liquid chromatography. RTD1 was preferentially expressed in green leafy tissues, and the protein was proved to be located in chloroplasts. Also, cold tolerance was found to be reduced in rtd1. The cold-related C-repeat-binding factor(CBF)/dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 1(DREB1) genes were significantly upregulated in rtd1 under natural growth conditions. Moreover, the rtd1 mutant showed a reduced response to gibberellin. The transcript and protein levels of the GA signaling repressor, the DELLA protein SLENDER RICE 1(SLR1) in rice increased in rtd1, which might partially explain the growth retardation of rtd1. However, GA content was not changed, suggesting a transcriptional, not posttranslational, regulation of SLR1. These findings implied that tocopherols play important roles in regulating rice growth and development.

关键词： cold tolerance DELLA homogentisate phytyltransferase rice tocopherol

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Isolation and characterization of two Medicago falcate AP2/EREBP family transcription factor cDNA,MfDREB1 and MfDREB1s

Isolation and characterization of two Medicago falcate AP2/E...

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第六届中国植物逆境生理学与分子生物学学术研讨会

作者： Agula Hasi College of Life Sciences Inner Mongolia University Key Laboratory of Herbage ＆ Endemic Crop Biotechnology（Inner Mongolia University） Ministry of Education Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Herbage ＆ Endemic Crop Biotechnology

＜正＞DREB transcription factors play an important role in tolerance to abiotic stress in high *** this work,two new DRE-binding protein genes MfDREB1and MfDREB1s cDNA that encoded an AP2/EREBP type transcription factor were isolated by RT-PCR from Medicago falcate *** analysis showed MfDREB1and MfDREB1s were almost identical except that there was a202bp fragment at the3′end of the MfDREB1s cDNA that is absent in MfDREB1cDNA.

关键词： Medicago falcate Transcription factor DREB cold tolerance

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切花寒菊花器官抗寒性研究

切花寒菊花器官抗寒性研究

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作者：李娜南京农业大学

学位级别：硕士

Chrysanthemum was one of the four cut flowers in world, was also very important in China for cutting flower recent years. Winter chrysanthemum was one special population and more cold tolerance. The relative electric conductivity (REC), content of MDA, soluble sugar and protein, SOD,POD activity and pollen viability under natural and artificial low temperature were investigated in four winter cut chrysanthemum cultivars'Hanzi', 'Hanhuang'. The logistic equation was constructed based on the relationship between REC and temperature below 0℃, then the semi-lethal temper- ature(LT50) was determined, and then compared the cold tolerance of different cultivars, different florets and different flowering by variance analysis. The main results were as follows:(1) From 15th Dec to 27th,2008, the tendency of REC, MDA content of four cultivars changed reversely compared with the temperature, while SOD,POD and content of soluble protein were highly related to the low temperature, and the soluble sugar content accumulated all the time. The four different cultivars improved the cold tolerance by regulating the activity of SOD and the contents of soluble sugar and protein.(2) The LT50 in different florets and flowering of'Hanzi'and'Hanhuang'ranged from-8.82℃～-12.94℃. When temperature from CK (14.4～16.2℃.) to 3℃, the SOD activity, soluble protein and pollen viability increased at beginning and then decreased, while MDA changed reversely, and the soluble sugar content accumulated all the time. The change appeared at 9℃to/or 6℃, and the temperature were critical temperature point of physiological barrier.The greatest germination capacity of 'Hanzi' and 'Hanhuang' appears when temperature was 12℃and 9℃, respectively. All of these showed that the pollen viability of 'Hanzi'was more easily affected by low temperature.(3) The changed of physiological and biochemical indexes suggested that the chilling tolerance of two chrysanthemum was'Hanhuang','Hanzi', in turn. Tubular f

关键词： Winter chrysanthemum Floral organ Natural low temperature Artificial low temperature cold tolerance

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Transcriptional regulation of plant developmental plasticity for adaptation

Transcriptional regulation of plant developmental plasticity...

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首届植物科学前沿学术大会

作者： Xianwei Song Shanjie Tang Xiaofeng Cao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Epigenetics regulation,including DNA methylation,histone modifications and non-coding RNAs-mediated regulation of gene expression,is involved in plant development,adaptation to environmental stresses and genome ***,we found the key roles of histone H3 lysine 9(H3 K9) methyltransferase,H3 K4 demethylase and small RNA processing enzyme DICER-Like in maintaining the stability of different types of transpose elements in ***,the plastticity and hereditability of epigenetic regulation as well as their contribution to plant evolution and domestication are almost *** this talk,I will highlight our recent progresses regarding the trans-generational inheritance of DNA methylation and their roles in acquired cold tolerance of rice during adaptation to low temperature.

关键词： DNA methylation acquired trans-generational inheritance cold tolerance adaptation rice

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Starch RVA Profile Properties for cold Tolerant and Sensitive Cultivars of Japonica Rice at Different Altitudes

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2011年第12期12卷 1831-1836页

作者：朱振华金基永袁平荣赵国珍苏振喜世荣邹茜杨世准戴陆园云南省农业科学院粳稻育种中心云南昆明650205 韩国农村振兴厅国家作物科学院湖南农业研究所韩国农村振兴厅国家作物科学院

[Objective] By investigating of change rule rice starch RVA profile properties and the influence of cold tolerance on rice quality,the aim was to provide scientific references to the breeding of new cold-tolerant japonica rice varieties with high quality in the Yunnan plateau.[Method] Four cold-tolerant and five cold-sensitive japonica rice cultivars were grown at three locations with different altitudes in Yunnan plateau to investigate rice starch RVA profile characteristics.[Result] The results showed that with increasing altitude,the setback viscosity in cold-sensitive cultivars increased significantly,while the peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity decreased ***,the peak viscosity and breakdown viscosity in cold-tolerant cultivars initially decreased and then gradually increased with rising altitude,whereas the setback viscosity initially increased and then decreased.[Conclusion] The starch RVA parameters of cold-tolerant cultivars were less sensitive to different environments than those of cold-sensitive *** and eating quality of cold-tolerant cultivars had relatively stable trends with rising altitude,whereas cooking and eating quality of cold-sensitive cultivars had a trend toward inferior.

关键词： Japonica rice cold tolerance Rice quality Starch viscosity Altitude

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