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Reshaping the Cortical Connectivity Gradient by Long-Term cognitive training During Development

Neuroscience Bulletin 2024年第1期40卷 50-64页

作者： Tianyong Xu Yunying Wu Yi Zhang Xi-Nian Zuo Feiyan Chen Changsong Zhou Bio-X Laboratory School of PhysicsZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation College of Optical Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China State Key Laboratory of cognitive Neuroscience and Learning Bejing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Developmental Population Neuroscience Research Center IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain ResearchBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Devices Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China Department of Physics Centre for Nonlinear Studies and Beijing-Hong Kong-Singapore Joint Centre for Nonlinear and Complex Systems(Hong Kong)Institute of Computational and Theoretical StudiesHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China

The organization of the brain follows a topologi-cal hierarchy that changes dynamically during development.However,it remains unknown whether and how cognitive training administered over multiple years during develop-ment can modify this hierarchical topology.By measuring the brain and behavior of school children who had carried out abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training for five years(starting from 7 years to 12 years old)in pre-training and post-training,we revealed the reshaping effect of long-term AMC intervention during development on the brain hierarchical topology.We observed the development-induced emergence of the default network,AMC training-promoted shifting,and regional changes in cortical gradi-ents.Moreover,the training-induced gradient changes were located in visual and somatomotor areas in association with the visuospatial/motor-imagery strategy.We found that gradient-based features can predict the math ability within groups.Our findings provide novel insights into the dynamic nature of network recruitment impacted by long-term cognitive training during development.

关键词： Connectivity gradient cognitive training Development Neural plasticity Abacus-based mental calculation

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Effect of cognitive training on brain dynamics

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第2期33卷 529-536页

作者：吕贵阳徐天勇陈飞燕朱萍王淼何国光 School of Physics Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China

The human brain is highly plastic.cognitive training is usually used to modify functional connectivity of brain networks.Moreover,the structures of brain networks may determine its dynamic behavior which is related to human cognitive abilities.To study the effect of functional connectivity on the brain dynamics,the dynamic model based on functional connections of the brain and the Hindmarsh–Rose model is utilized in this work.The resting-state fMRI data from the experimental group undergoing abacus-based mental calculation(AMC)training and from the control group are used to construct the functional brain networks.The dynamic behavior of brain at the resting and task states for the AMC group and the control group are simulated with the above-mentioned dynamic model.In the resting state,there are the differences of brain activation between the AMC group and the control group,and more brain regions are inspired in the AMC group.A stimulus with sinusoidal signals to brain networks is introduced to simulate the brain dynamics in the task states.The dynamic characteristics are extracted by the excitation rates,the response intensities and the state distributions.The change in the functional connectivity of brain networks with the AMC training would in turn improve the brain response to external stimulus,and make the brain more efficient in processing tasks.

关键词： brian dynamics functional brain networks cognitive training abacus-based mental calculation

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Research on the Application of Montessori Education Method in cognitive training of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research 2024年第5期8卷 336-341页

作者： Wei Wang Faridah Mohd Said Department of Nursing Faculty of NursingLincoln University College(LUC)47301 Petaling JayaSelangorMalaysia Department of Nursing Faculty of NursingJiangsu Vocational College of MedicineYancheng 224005Jiangsu ProvinceChina

Objective:To study the application of the Montessori education method in cognitive training in patients with Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Methods:40 cases of senile dementia patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2022 to January 2023 were selected and randomly divided into an intervention group and a control group according to the single and double number table method,with 20 cases in each group.The intervention group used the Montessori education method,the principle of which was to implement individualized health interventions based on the individual conditions of the patients,for a period of 6 months;the control group was given conventional treatment and nursing of the disease.The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)was used to compare the effects of the two groups of patients before and after health intervention and conduct statistical analysis.Results:The score of the intervention group was higher than that of the control group,and there was a statistical difference between the two(Pcognitive function and delay the progress of further dementia.

关键词： Montessori education method Alzheimer’s disease cognitive training

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Effects of combined physical and cognitive training on executive function of adolescent shooting athletes:A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2023年第3期5卷 220-228页

作者： Mingqiang Xiang Guanru Li Jianuo Ye Meng Wu Ruiping Xu Min Hu School of Sport and Health Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou510500China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzhou510500China Graduate School Guangzhou Sport UniversityGuangzho510500China Guangzhou Institute of Sports Science Guangzhou510500China

Individual executive function improvement through physical and cognitive training is a research hotspot in physical education and cognitive science.However,few studies have evaluated whether combined physical and cognitive training(CPCT)has greater benefits for executive function performance and cerebral oxygenation in adolescent athletes than cognitive training alone.This study randomly assigned 33 adolescent shooting athletes to a CPCT(n=17)or computerized cognitive training(CCT,n=16)group and compared their executive function after six weeks of training.All subjects were assessed using the 2-back,task-switching,and Stroop tests before and after training.The prefrontal cortex oxygenated hemoglobin(Oxy-Hb)activation level was monitored while executing the three tasks using functional near-infrared spectroscopy.Our results showed that the CPCT and CCT groups similarly improved their updating function as indicated by the 2-back task accuracy.The CPCT group significantly improved the switching function in the task-switching test accuracy,while the CCT group did not.However,both groups did not improve in behavioral performance as indicated by the inhibition function in the Stroop task.Cerebral oxygenation,indicated by the oxy-Hb activation level in the frontal pole area of the prefrontal lobe,significantly improved in the CPCT group during the three cognitive tasks,whereas the CCT group showed no change.These findings indicated that CPCT endowed greater advantages in task-switching in the behavioral performance of the executive function than CCT.Moreover,CPCT was superior to CCT in increasing task-efficient cerebral oxygenation during the activation of the prefrontal cortex in adolescent shooting athletes.

关键词： Executive function Shooting athlete cognitive training Physical activity fNIRS

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cognitive training in Older Adults with Mild cognitive Impairment

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2016年第5期29卷 356-364页

作者： LIU Xin Yan LI Li XIAO Jia Qing HE Chang Zhi LYU Xiu Lin GAO Lei YANG Xiao Wei CUI Xin Gang FAN Li Hua College of Public Health Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 Heilongjiang China Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention Harbin 150040 Heilongjiang China College of Management for the postgraduate Harbin Medical University Harbin 150086 Heilongjiang China Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital Harbin 150040 Heilongjiang China Department of Public Health Mudanjiang Medical College Mudanjiang 157000 Heilongjiang China

Objective We investigated the feasibility and efficacy of cognitive training for older adults in rura settings and with low education levels, who have mild cognitive impairment （MCl）. Methods Forty-five older adults （ages 〉65 years） with MCI were assigned to treatment or control groups, at a 2：1 ratio. cognitive training occurred in the treatment group for 2 months. The cognitive abilities of the participants were assessed at pre-training, metaphase, and post-training time points, using the Mini-Mental State Examination （MMSE）, Montreal cognitive Assessment （MoCA）, Loewenstein Occupational Therapy cognitive Assessment （LOTCA）, and Hamilton Depression Scale （HAM-D）. Results Following training, cognitive abilities improved in the treatment group, based on the total scores of all 4 measures, as well as specifically on the MoCA and LOTCA. There were differences in the main effects of group and time point on some subscales, but these differences had little, if any, effect on the overall analyses. Conclusion The present study demonstrated that cognitive training has beneficial effects on attention, language, orientation, visual perception, organization of visual movement, and logical questioning in patients with MCI. Furthermore, the observed effects are long-term changes.

关键词： Older adults Rural Mild cognitive impairment cognitive training Efficacy

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Designing and deploying a mixed-reality aquarium for cognitive training of young children with autism spectrum disorder

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2021年第5期64卷 209-211页

作者： Juan LIU Yulong BIAN Yanran YUAN Yuting XI Wenxiu GENG Xinpei JIN Wei GAI Xiangmin FAN Feng TIAN Xiangxu MENG Chenglei YANG Software College Shandong University Jining No.1 People's Hospital Institute of Software Chinese Academy of Sciences

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a developmental disorder severely affecting cognition and social behavior, is increasing in prevalence [1]. This increasing trend is especially severe in children, making the early intervention crucial to ASD treatment. Children with ASD have been found impairments in several aspects of cognition functions.

关键词： Autism spectrum disorder Mixed reality, cognitive training Young ASD children User study Quantitative research

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A network-based cognitive training induces cognitive improvements and neuroplastic changes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis:an exploratory case-control study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第6期16卷 1111-1120页

作者： Riccardo Manca Micaela Mitolo Iain D.Wilkinson David Paling Basil Sharrack Annalena Venneri Department of Neuroscience University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna Diagnostica Funzionale NeuroradiologicaBolognaItaly Academic Unit of Radiology University of SheffieldSheffieldUK Academic Department of Neuroscience Sheffield Teaching HospitalNational Health Service Foundation TrustSheffieldUK

cognitive impairments are commonly observed in patients with multiple sclerosis and are associated with lower levels of quality of life.No consensus has been reached on how to tackle effectively cognitive decline in this clinical population non-pharmacologically.This exploratory case-control study aims to investigate the effectiveness of a hypothesis-based cognitive training designed to target multiple domains by promoting the synchronous co-activation of different brain areas and thereby improve cognition and induce changes in functional connectivity in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.Forty-five patients(36 females and 9 males,mean age 44.62±8.80 years)with clinically stable relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis were assigned to either a standard cognitive training or to control groups(sham training and nonactive control).The standard training included twenty sessions of computerized exercises involving various cognitive functions supported by distinct brain networks.The sham training was a modified version of the standard training that comprised the same exercises and number of sessions but with increased processing speed load.The non-active control group received no cognitive training.All patients underwent comprehensive neuropsychological and magnetic resonance imaging assessments at baseline and after 5 weeks.cognitive and resting-state magnetic resonance imaging data were analyzed using repeated measures models.At reassessment,the standard training group showed significant cognitive improvements compared to both control groups in memory tasks not specifically targeted by the training:the Buschke Selective Reminding Test and the Semantic Fluency test.The standard training group showed reductions in functional connectivity of the salience network,in the anterior cingulate cortex,associated with improvements on the Buschke Selective Reminding Test.No changes were observed in the sham training group.These findings suggest that multi-domain training that stimulates multiple brain areas sync

关键词： cognitive training magnetic resonance imaging multiple sclerosis neuroplasticity neuropsychology rehabilitation salience network

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Analysis of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation for patients with chronic mental illness:A meta-analysis

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第32期11卷 7822-7832页

作者： Jong-Sik Jang Seri Oh Geonwoo Kim Narae Lee Hyesu Song Jihye Park Yushin Lee Minji Kim Mihwa Kwon Department of Occupational Therapy Kangwon National UniversitySamcheok 25949South Korea Department of Occupatioanl Therapy Kangwon National University Graduate SchoolSamcheok 25949South Korea Department of Occupational Therapy U1 UniversityChung-Cheong Bukdo 25949South Korea Department of Occupation Therapy Dongnam Health UniversityGyeonggi-do 16328South Korea

BACKGROUND People suffering from chronic mental illness are sensitive to stressful stimuli,lack coping skills,and have low self-esteem due to problems such as social situations.They also experience depression,isolation,fear,and frustration.Due to cognitive dysfunction,people suffering from chronic mental illness have inadequate cognitive processes that lead to distorted thinking.AIM To confirm the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation therapy in improving cognitive function and alleviating behavioral and psychological symptoms in patients with chronic mental illness,and to identify the cognitive function that had the main effect.METHODS The quality of the studies was evaluated using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews criteria,and data published from 2011 to December 2022 were searched using PubMed,Cochrane,RISS,KISS,and DBpia.The keywords used in the search were“mental illness,”“cognitive rehabilitation,”“cognition,”and“mental.”A meta-analysis was conducted on the 12 selected papers.RESULTS The level of evidence for the 12 documents was that of a randomized experimental study.Intervention types in cognitive rehabilitation can be divided into cognitive behavior,cognitive training,cognitive rehabilitation,and computerized cognitive programs.Most of the studies were on schizophrenia,and the measurement areas were cognitive functions(e.g.,concentration,memory,and executive function)as well as depression,sociability,and quality of life.As a result of the meta-analysis of each variable,the effect size for cognitive rehabilitation treatment was in the following order:Sociability,memory,concentration,executive function,quality of life,and depression.Particularly,sociability and memory exhibited significant effects.CONCLUSION cognitive rehabilitation aids cognitive function and sociability in patients with chronic mental illness and can be used as evidence for cognitive rehabilitation in mental health and occupational therapy.

关键词： cognitive function Mental illness cognitive rehabilitation cognitive training cognitive therapy Schizophrenia Occupational therapy

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通过临床试验我们能从运动与阿尔茨海默症中了解什么?（英文）

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2016年第4期5卷 397-399页

作者： Yong Shen Rena Li Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center(NDRC) School of Life SciencesUniversity of Science and Technology of China Center for Hormone Advanced Science and Education Roskamp Institute School of Kinesiology Shanghai University of Sport Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders Beijing Anding Hospital & Beijing Institute for Brain DisordersCapital Medical University

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly with major symptoms of a general term for memory loss and other intellectual abilities impairment which are serious enough to interfere with daily life.While there is no treatment can prevent and revise the cognitive function impairment in AD,physical activity becomes a potential beneficia intervention for AD.Multiple evidences suggested that exercise in general plays beneficia roles in improving brain function.Most common mechanisms of exercise-induced enhancement of brain function are including alteration of neurogenesis,neuron plasticity,neuronal signaling and receptors,as well as neuronal networks.This mini review includes most recent clinical studies and focuses on the effects of physical exercise,cognitive stimulation,and combination of both physical and cognitive training on protection and rescue cognitive decline in people with AD.

关键词： Alzheimer’s disease cognitive training Exercise Physical activity Prevention Treatment

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A training Effect by Three-Month Watering on the Frontal Pole Activation of Healthy Older Adults

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Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2020年第6期10卷 265-285页

作者： Masahiro Toyoda Yuko Yokota Hiroyuki Kikukawa Graduate School of Landscape Design and Management University of Hyogo Awaji Japan Graduate School of Agriculture Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

The effectiveness of training prefrontal lobe function for suppressing cognitive decline or improving cognitive function has been reported. Some epidemiological studies suggested that gardening activities can contribute to suppression of cognitive decline. In our previous studies using functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS), we reported the possibility of frontal pole (FP) activation of healthy older adults during gardening activities in the quasi-laboratory setting. The objective of this study was to examine the impacts of a three-month continual practice of the watering task in the actual gardening settings on the FP activation of healthy older adults. The participants were 18 right-handed healthy older adults without a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment or dementia (M = 71.7 years ± SD 5.0, range: 63 - 84 years) who lived independently at home. We asked the participants to continue watering at home for three months in the same way as the research task in the fNIRS measurement. After a three-month intervention, the participants’ task performance improved compared with that of pre-intervention. In addition, the Oxy-Hb values in the right lateral FP during the third trial in the post-intervention measurement were significantly greater compared with the pre-intervention measurement. This study suggested that even a gardening activity with a small number of processes such as watering, if the activity is continued for a certain period of time, can suppress the decline of the FP activation of healthy older adults. Combination of various gardening activities has the potential to be a further cognitive training for activating the FP.

关键词： cognitive training Dementia Prevention Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Stimulus-Independent (SI) Thought Stimulus-Oriented (SO) Attention

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