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Cocoa Flavanols Intake and cognitive functions: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials

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Journal of Nutritional Oncology 2021年第1期6卷 42-49页

作者： Si Rui Zhu Fei Fei Chong Hong Xia Xu Department of Clinical Nutrition Daping HospitalArmy Medical University(Third Military Medical University)Chongqing 400042China

Objective The influence of cocoa flavanols(CFs)on cognitive functions in human has been investigated in some clinical trials,but the results are *** conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs)to figure out whether CFs intervention have a positive effect on cognitive *** A comprehensive literature search of articles published until June 2019 was performed in PubMed,Cochrane Library,Medline,and Web of *** mean difference(WMD)and 95%confidence interval(95%CI)were calculated to reflect the size of the combined *** effect models were used for all *** A total of 9 RCT studies were finally enrolled in this *** has no notable effect on Trail Making Test-A(TMT-A)(WMD:-5.75s,95%CI:-16.71-5.21),which reflects the shifting subdomain of executive function and global executive *** has no significant effect on Trail Making Test-B(TMT-B)(WMD:-11.32s,95%CI:-26.14-3.50),which reflects another specific aspect of the shifting *** cognitive changed as measured by mini mental state examination(MMSE)which consists of a series of items covering cognitive functions except for the executive function domain,but significantly associated with composite z score of several subdomains tests of executive function(WSD:0.40s,95%CI:0.29-0.46).Conclusion This study suggests CFs may have a positive effect on cognitive function,especially executive ***,large scale and high quality RCTs are needed to further confirm/refute this conclusion.

关键词： Cocoa flavanols cognitive functions Meta-analysis Randomized controlled trials

Analyzing Nootropic Effect of Phyllanthus reticulatus Poir. on cognitive functions, Brain Antioxidant Enzymes and Acetylcholinesterase Activity against Aluminium-Induced Alzheimer’s Model in Rats: Applicable for Controlling the Risk Factors of Alzheimer’s Disease

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Advances in Alzheimer's Disease 2016年第3期5卷 87-102页

作者： Md. Sahab Uddin Abdullah Al Mamun Mohammed Ashraful Iqbal Ariful Islam Md. Farhad Hossain Sayema Khanum Mamunur Rashid Department of Pharmacy Southeast University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Chemistry Fareast International University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy State University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh

Oxidative stress is intensely linked with neurodegenerative disorders, especially Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Searching for medicinal plant with the nootropic activity for controling the development and progression of AD has received extensive consideration. The plant Phyllanthus reticulatus (PR) Poir. is known in Bengali as Panjuli belongs to family Euphorbiaceae. Previous studies have shown the antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, etc. activities of this plant. Therefore, the objective of this study was to examine the nootropic effect of ethanolic extracts of Phyllanthus reticulatus (EEPR) on cognitive functions, brain antioxidatant enzymes and acetylcholinesterase activity in aluminium-induced rats of cognitive impairment and oxidative stress. The effects of EEPR fruit (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) were examined for 30 days and its nootropic effect was determined in aluminium treated Swiss albino male rats by behavioral studies such as Passive Avoidance (PA) test, Rewarded Alternation (RA) test and biochemical studies such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in rats brain tissue homogenates. In PA test, administration of EEPR fruit (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg, b.w.) significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) increased step-through latency (STL) in rats on 30th day with respect to disease control group. The percentage of memory retention (MR) for this test was pointedly (P < 0.05) increased in rats treated with EEPR fruit (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) as compared with disease control group. For RA test, EEPR fruit (i.e., 200 mg/kg b.w.) markedly (P < 0.01) increased the correct responses (CR) in rats on 30th day related to disease control group. In case of this test the percentage of MR was significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) increased in rats treated with EEPR fruit (i.e., 100 and 200 mg/kg b.w.) with respect to disease control group. Administration of EEPR fruit (i.

关键词： Nootropic Phyllanthus reticulatus cognitive functions Brain Antioxidant Enzymes Acetylcholinesterase Activity Alzheimer’s Disease

A DOPAMINE AGONIST,PRAMIPEXOLE,AND cognitive functions IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE

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A DOPAMINE AGONIST,PRAMIPEXOLE,AND COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS IN PA...

A hybrid flexible gas sensory system with perceptual learning

第十五届国际药理学大会

作者： Maja Relja Nataa Klepac and Vladimir Miletic Department of Neurology Medical SchoolUniversity of Zagreb10 000ZagrebCroatia Department of Neurology Medical SchoolUniversity of Zagreb10 000ZagrebCroatia

＜正＞ PD has long been conceived to be mainly a motor disorder. In the last few decades it has been increasingly more recognized that many patients with PD will experience cognitive decline in the course of their illness. Dopamine agonists have shown beneficial therapeutic effects on motor symptoms in PD. but their influence on cognitive functions is still controversial. The aim of this study is to evaluate the influence of the dopamine agonist pramipexole on cognitive functions in PD patients already treated with *** cognitive performance of 55 non - demented idiopathic Parkinson’s disease （PD） patients treated with levodopa alone or receiving dopamine agonist pramipexole as add on therapy to levodopa was evaluated in the present study during six month of treatment. Neuropsychological tests were administered two times. In the first assessment to differentiate test sensitive to cognitive changes typical for PD control group was also assessed. After six months of treatment PD patients were retested only with tests that differentiate them from control group. Compared to controls PD patients showed inferior performance on Stroop Interference test. Trail Making test,letter fluency and Hooper Visual Organization test. No statistically significant differences between two groups and first and second neuropsychological assessment was found. In conclusion: present findings indicate that pramipexole as add - on therapy to levodopa is safe in non - demented PD patients in terms of the effect on cognitive performance.

关键词： Parkinson’ s disease cognitive functions dopamine agonists pramipexole

来源： cnki会议评论

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Nano Research 2022年第1期15卷 423-428页

作者： Qifeng Lu Fuqin Sun Yanbing Dai Yingyi Wang Lin Liu Zihao Wang Shuqi Wang Ting Zhang i-lab Key Laboratory of multifunctional nanomaterials and smart systemsSuzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics(SINANO)Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Suzhou 215123China Department of Health and Environmental Sciences Xian Jiaotong-Liverpool UniversitySuzhou 215123China

Imbuing artificial sensory system with intelligence of the biological counterpart is limited by challenges in emulating perceptual learning ability at the device *** biological systems,stimuli from the surrounding environment are detected,transmitted,and processed by receptor,afferent nerve,and brain,*** process allows the living creatures to identify the potential hazards and improve their adaptability in various ***,inspired by the biological olfaction system,a gas sensory system with perceptual learning is *** a proof-of-concept,H2S gas with various concentrations is used as the stimulation and the stimuli will be converted to pulse-like physiological signals in the designed system,which consists of a gas sensor,a flexible oscillator,and a memristor-type artificial ***,the learning ability is implemented using a supervised learning method based on k-nearest neighbors(KNN)*** recognition accuracy can be enhanced by repeating training,illustrating a great potential to be used as the neuromorphic sensory system with a learning ability for the applications in robotics.

关键词： flexible electronics artificial synapses perceptual learning sensory systems cognitive functions

Neuropsychological Functioning after Adenotonsillectomy in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnea:A Meta-analysis

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2017年第3期37卷 453-461页

作者：余颖陈余雪刘露喻志源骆翔 department of neurology tongji hospitaltongji medical collegehuazhong university of science and technologyWuhan 430030China department of pharmacy tongji hospitaltongji medical collegehuazhong university of science and technologyWuhan 430030China

The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of adenotonsillectomy(AT) for children with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome(OSAS) and the improvement of their cognitive function. Studies on cognitive performance of OSAS children treated with or without AT were identified by searching the Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane library. A meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the literature. The random-effects model was used to evaluate 11 eligible studies using an inverse-variance method. The neuropsychological test results of 4 cognitive domains(general intelligence, memory, attention-executive function and verbal ability) were obtained and analyzed. By comparison of cognitive function between OSAS children and healthy controls, the effect sizes of each domain were achieved as follows: general intelligence, –0.5(Pcognitive ability between OSAS children after AT and healthy controls showed that the effect sizes were –0.54(P=0.0009), –0.24(P=0.12), –0.17(P=0.35), and –0.45(P=0.009) in general intelligence, memory, attention-executive function, and verbal ability, respectively. Our results confirmed that OSAS children performed worse than healthy children in terms of the 4 cognitive domains investigated. After 6–12 months of observation, significant improvement in attention-executive function and verbal ability were found in OSAS children treated with AT compared to their baseline level; restoration of attention-executive function and memory were observed in OSAS children after AT in comparison to healthy controls. Further rigorous randomized controlled trials should be conducted to obtain definitive conclusions.

关键词： obstructive sleep apnea syndrome cognitive functions pediatric sleep apnea adenotonsillectomy meta-analysis

Effect of Recurrent Severe Hypoglycemia on cognitive Performance in Adult Patients with Diabetes: A Meta-analysis

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2017年第5期37卷 642-648页

作者：陈余雪刘正人余颖姚恩生刘幸华刘璐 Department of Rheumatology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of General Surgery The First Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University Department of Neurology Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Department of Pharmacy Tongji Hospital Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

The purpose of this study was to investigate the existence and extent of cognitive impairment in adult diabetes mellitus（DM） patients with episodes of recurrent severe hypoglycemia, by using meta-analysis to synthesize data across studies. PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library search engines were used to identify studies on cognitive performance in DM patients with recurrent severe ***-effects meta-analysis was performed on seven eligible studies using an inverse-variance method. Effect sizes, which are the standardized differences between the experimental group and the control group, were calculated. Of the 853 studies, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. Compared with control subjects, the adult DM patients with episodes of recurrent severe hypoglycemia demonstrated a significantly lowered performance on memory in both types of DM patients, and poor performance of processing speed in type 2 DM patients. There was no significant difference between adult DM patients with and those without severe hypoglycemia in other cognitive domains such as general intelligence,executive function, processing speed and psychomotor efficiency. Our results seem to confirm the hypothesis that cognitive dysfunction is characterized by worse memory and processing speed in adult DM patients with a history of recurrent severe hypoglycemia, whereas general intelligence, executive function,and psychomotor efficiency are spared.

关键词： diabetes mellitus cognitive functions recurrent severe hypoglycemia meta-analysis

Abnormalities of electroencephalography microstates in patients with depression and their association with cognitive function

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 128-140页

作者： Rui-Jie Peng Yu Fan Jin Li Feng Zhu Qing Tian Xiao-Bin Zhang Suzhou Medical College Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215123Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Psychiatry Suzhou Psychiatric HospitalThe Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhou 215137Jiangsu ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND A growing number of recent studies have explored underlying activity in the brain by measuring electroencephalography(EEG)in people with ***,the consistency of findings on EEG microstates in patients with depression is poor,and few studies have reported the relationship between EEG microstates,cognitive scales,and depression severity *** To investigate the EEG microstate characteristics of patients with depression and their association with cognitive *** A total of 24 patients diagnosed with depression and 32 healthy controls were included in this study using the Structured Clinical Interview for Disease for The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Fifth *** collected information relating to demographic and clinical characteristics,as well as data from the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status(RBANS;Chinese version)and *** Compared with the controls,the duration,occurrence,and contribution of microstate C were significantly higher[depression(DEP):Duration 84.58±24.35,occurrence 3.72±0.56,contribution 30.39±8.59;CON:Duration 72.77±10.23,occurrence 3.41±0.36,contribution 24.46±4.66;Duration F=6.02,P=0.049;Occurrence F=6.19,P=0.049;Contribution F=10.82,P=0.011]while the duration,occurrence,and contribution of microstate D were significantly lower(DEP:Duration 70.00±15.92,occurrence 3.18±0.71,contribution 22.48±8.12;CON:Duration 85.46±10.23,occurrence 3.54±0.41,contribution 28.25±5.85;Duration F=19.18,P<0.001;Occurrence F=5.79,P=0.050;Contribution F=9.41,P=0.013)in patients with depression.A positive correlation was observed between the visuospatial/constructional scores of the RBANS scale and the transition probability of microstate class C to B(r=0.405,P=0.049).CONCLUSION EEG microstate,especially C and D,is a possible biomarker in *** with depression had a more frequent transition from microstate C to B,which may relate to more negative ruminati

关键词： Depression Electroencephalography Microstates cognitive functions

Effect of a specific Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 strain on minimal/mild hepatic encephalopathy treatment

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第3期14卷 634-646页

作者： Elina Manzhalii Valentyna Moyseyenko Vitalii Kondratiuk Nataliia Molochek Tetyana Falalyeyeva Nazarii Kobyliak Department of Propedeutics of Internal Medicine Bogomolets National Medical UniversityKyiv 01601Ukraine Educational and Scientific Centre“Institute of Biology and Medicine” Taras Shevchenko National University of KyivKyiv 01601Ukraine Department of Pediatrics Bogomolets National Medical UniversityKyiv 01601Ukraine Department of Scientific Medical Laboratory CSDKyiv 01004Ukraine Department of Endocrinology Bogomolets National Medical UniversityKyiv 01601Ukraine

BACKGROUND Hepatic encephalopathy(HE)can be considered a result of dysregulated gutliver-brain axis function,where cognitive impairment can be reversed or prevented by the beneficial effects induced by"gut-centric"therapies,such as the administration of nonabsorbable disaccharides,nonabsorbable antibiotics,probiotics and *** To assess the short-term efficacy and safety of the probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle(EcN)1917 strain compared to lactulose and rifaximin in patients with minimal/mild *** From January 2017 to March 2020,a total of 45 patients with HE were enrolled in this prospective,single-centre,open-label,randomized *** were randomly assigned at a ratio of 1:1:1 to one of the treatment groups:The EcN group(n=15),lactulose group(n=15)or rifaximin group(n=15)for a 1 mo intervention *** main primary outcomes of the study were changes in serum ammonia and Stroop test *** secondary outcomes were markers of a chronic systemic inflammatory response(ІL-6,ІL-8,and IFN-γ)and bacteriology of the stool flora evaluated by specialized nonculture techniques after a 1 mo intervention *** Patients who were given rifaximin or EcN showed a more significant reduction in serum ammonia and normalization of Bifidobacteria and Lactobacilli abundance compared to the lactulose ***,the most pronounced restoration of the symbiotic microflora was associated with EcN administration and characterized by the absence of *** with altered properties and pathogenic enterobacteria in patient *** the primary outcome analysis,improvements in the Stroop test parameters in all intervention groups were ***,EcN-treated patients performed 15%faster on the Stroop test than the lactulose group patients(P=0.017).Both EcN and rifaximin produced similar significant reductions in the proinflammatory cytokines INF-γ,IL-6 and *** was more efficient than lactulose in reducing proinflammatory cytokine ***

关键词： Hepatic encephalopathy Chronic liver disease cirrhosis Gut microbiota E.coli Nissle 1917 cognitive functions Stroop test Rifaximin Lactulose

Prefrontal cortical α_(2A)-adrenoceptors and a possible primate model of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2015年第2期31卷 227-234页

作者： Chao-Lin Ma Xuan Sun Fei Luo Bao-Ming Li Center for Neuropsychiatric Disorders Institute of Life Science Nanchang University

Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, a prevalent syndrome in children worldwide, is characterized by impulsivity, inappropriate inattention, and/or hyperactivity. It seriously afflicts cognitive development in childhood, and may lead to chronic under-achievement, academic failure, problematic peer relationships, and low self-esteem. There are at least three challenges for the treatment of ADHD. First, the neurobiological bases of its symptoms are still not clear. Second, the commonly prescribed medications, most showing short-term therapeutic efficacy but with a high risk of serious side-effects, are mainly based on a dopamine mechanism. Third, more novel and efficient animal models, especially in nonhuman primates, are required to accelerate the development of new medications. In this article, we review research progress in the related fields, focusing on our previous studies showing that blockade of prefrontal cortical a2A-adrenoceptors in monkeys produces almost all the typical behavioral symptoms of ADHD.

关键词： prefrontal cortex a2A-adrenoceptors cognitive functions attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder animal models