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coconut fiber Pyrolysis: Bio-Oil Characterization for Potential Application as an Alternative Energy Source and Production of Bio-Degradable Plastics

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2024年第2期12卷 310-319页

作者： Patrick Ssemujju Lubowa Hiram Ndiritu Peter Oketch James Mutua Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering Pan African University Institute for Basic Sciences Technology and Innovations Nairobi Kenya Department of Mechanical Engineering Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Nairobi Kenya

The current energy crisis could be alleviated by enhancing energy generation using the abundant biomass waste resources. Agricultural and forest wastes are the leading organic waste streams that can be transformed into useful alternative energy resources. Pyrolysis is one of the technologies for converting biomass into more valuable products, such as bio-oil, bio-char, and syngas. This work investigated the production of bio-oil through batch pyrolysis technology. A fixed bed pyrolyzer was designed and fabricated for bio-oil production. The major components of the system include a fixed bed reactor, a condenser, and a bio-oil collector. The reactor was heated using a cylindrical biomass external heater. The pyrolysis process was carried out in a reactor at a pressure of 1atm and a varying operating temperature of 150˚C, 250˚C, 350˚C to 450˚C for 120 minutes. The mass of 1kg of coconut fiber was used with particle sizes between 2.36 mm - 4.75 mm. The results show that the higher the temperature, the more volume of bio-oil produced, with the highest yield being 39.2%, at 450˚C with a heating rate of 10˚C/min. The Fourier transformation Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy analysis was used to analyze the bio-oil components. The obtained bio-oil has a pH of 2.4, a density of 1019.385 kg/m3, and a calorific value of 17.5 MJ/kg. The analysis also showed the presence of high-oxygenated compounds;carboxylic acids, phenols, alcohols, and branched oxygenated hydrocarbons as the main compounds present in the bio-oil. The results inferred that the liquid product could be bestowed as an alternative resource for polycarbonate material production.

关键词： Batch Pyrolysis Technology coconut fiber Bio-Oil Fourier Transformation Infrared Analysis

Determination of the Biosorption of Cd（ II ） by coconut fiber

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(B) 2014年第4期4卷 291-298页

作者： Dany G. Kramer Brismark G. Rocha Mirian C. S. Pereira Renata S. D. Souza Carlos R. Alves Geraldo B. C. Junior Jose Heriberto O. Nascimento Margarida J. Quina Licinio G. Ferreira Rasiah Ladchumananandasivam Technology Center Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59.072-970 RN Brazil Centre of Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products (CIEPQPF) University of Coimbra Coimbra 3030- 790 Portugal Faculdade de CiOncias da Safide do Trairi Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) Santa Cruz 59000-200 RNBrazil Laboratory of Cellular Ultra Structure Oswaldo Cruz Institute Fundation (FIOCR UZ) Rio de Janeiro 21040-360 R J Brazil Department of Clinical Analysis Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59.072-970 RN Brazil Department of Textile Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal 59.072-970 RN Brazil

The coconut fiber is produced in large quantities in Brazil, even though very small quantities are being used by some industries, mainly cordage mats and handicrafts. An alternative usage would be the use of these fibers in biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions. This present study aimed to evaluate the potentiality of cadmium biosorption by coconut fiber. The coconut fibers were used at kinetic analysis, influence ofpH and adsorption isotherms were also carried out. It can be concluded that there is great potential for the use of coconut fiber, and the optimum pH for adsorption was around 5.0. The adsorption kinetics is fast and equilibrium occurs within 120 min. The Langmuir isotherm was considered the most suitable to describe the experimental data.

关键词： coconut fiber biosorption cadmium.

Improvement of Mechanical Qualities of Clay Material through coconut fiber Stabilization

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第7期15卷 201-212页

作者： Boukaré Ouedraogo Abdoulaye Compaore Moumouni Derra Kalifa Palm Dieudonné Joseph Bahiebo Laboratoire dEnergies Thermiques Renouvelables (LETRE) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire Chimie Analytique de Physique Spatiale et Energtique Universit Norbert ZONGO Koudougou Burkina Faso Institute de Recherche en Sciences Appliques et Technologies (IRSAT/CNRST) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Laboratoire de Matriaux et Environnement (LAME) Universit Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

The criticisms regularly formulated towards clay or soil, in general, are its weak mechanical qualities and low water quality. Therefore, it is necessary to find techniques to improve the properties of this material, which is widely used worldwide. Here, we propose stabilizing clay with coconut fiber as a solution to enhance its mechanical properties. To do this, we used an experimental method, first determining the geotechnical properties of the clay and then its mechanical properties. The geotechnical study using the Proctor Test revealed that the dry density of the clay is γb = 1.42 g/cm3, and its water content is W = 22.3%. By applying the rolling method, the Atterberg limits were determined: liquid limit Wl = 63.6, plastic limit Wp = 27.9, plasticity index Ip = 35.7, and consistency index Ic = 1.46. With 25 P = 35.7 1.3, according to the water classification, it falls into class A3ts. The mechanical part focused on compression and flexural strengths obtained using a PROETI hydraulic press. We obtained a flexural strength of 0.63 MPa for simple clay (BA);0.89 MPa for clay + 0.25% fiber (BAF1/4);1.68 MPa for clay + 0.5% fiber (BAF1/2);1.87 MPa for clay + 0.75% fiber (BAF3/4);and 3.91 MPa for clay + 1% fiber (BAF1). As for the compression strength, BA = 5.90 MPa, BAF1/4 = 6.395 MPa, BAF1/2 = 6.292 MPa, BAF3/4 = 6.065 MPa, and BAF1 = 5.423 MPa. The addition of fiber has thus improved the mechanical qualities of the simple clay. These stabilized bricks can be used for sustainable and bioclimatic construction, providing higher durability and good comfort.

关键词： Compression Strength Flexural Strength coconut fiber Clay Geotechnical Properties

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Pyrolysis of Agroindustrial Residues of Coffee, Sugarcane Straw and coconut-fibers in a Semi-pilot Plant for Production of Bio-oils： Gas Chromatographic Characterization

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2016年第5期6卷 235-244页

作者： Mozart D. Bispo Jamilly Andressa Santos Barros Debora Tomasini Carmem Primaz Elina B. Caramao Claudio Dariva Laiza C. Krause Nucleo de Estudos em Sistemas Coloidais Instituto de Tecnologia e Pesquisa PBI/PEP/UNIT Aracaju-SE 49032-490 Brasil Instituto de Quimica INCT Energia e Ambiente UFRGS-Porto Alegre RS--Brasil

Microbial, vegetal or animal organic matter, which has potential to be transformed into energy, is considered biomass. Among the various alternative energy sources, biomass is the only one with the possibility of generating a class of substances of interest for fine chemistry （ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, phenols, etc.）. From biomass, it is possible to produce bio-oil using pyrolysis, a thermodegradation process. The quality of the bio-oil depends on the process conditions （pyrolysis temperature, heating temperature, etc.） and biomass used. In this paper, the pyrolysis （using a fixed bed reactor） of three biomasses （coconut fiber, coffee grounds and sugar cane straw） is studied. The results indicated that the bio-oil yields for all biomass were similar, approximately 37%. The chemical profile obtained by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry （GC/qMS） showed high amounts of fatty acids in the coffee grounds bio-oil and aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons in coconut fiber bio-oil, whereas guaiacols were the predominant components of the sugar cane straw bio-oil.

关键词： Pyrolysis GC/qMS Biomass coconut fiber coffee grounds sugarcane straw.