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Evaluation and attribution of trends in compound dry-hot events for major river basins in China

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第1期67卷 79-91页

作者： Shaotang XIONG Tongtiegang ZHAO Chengchao GUO Yu TIAN Fang YANG Wenlong CHEN Xiaohong CHEN Key Laboratory of Water Security Guarantee in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Marco Greater Bay Area of Ministry of Water Resources&Sun Yatsen University/Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Guangzhou 510275China China Institute of Water Resource and Hydropower Research Beijing 100038China Pearl River Hydraulic Research Institute Guangzhou 510611China

Concurrent compound dry and hot events(CDHEs)amplified more damange on the ecosystems and human society than individual extremes.Under climate change,compound dry and hot events become more frequent on a global scale.This paper proposes a mathematical method to quantitatively attribute changes of CDHEs to changes of precipitation,change in temperature and change in the dependence between precipitation and temperature.The attribution is achieved by formulating the total differential equation of the return period of CDHEs among Meta-gaussian model.A case study of China is devised based on monthly precipitation and temperature data during the period from 1921 to 2020 for 80 major river basins.It is found that temperature is the main driving factor of increases in CDHEs for 49 major river basins in China,except for the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River.In West China,precipitation changes drove the increase in CDHEs in 18 river basins(23%),particularly in parts of North Xinjiang,Qinghai and Gansu.On the other hand,dependence between precipitation and temperature dominated changes of CDHEs in 13 river basins(16%)of China with other factors,including parts of South China,East China and Northwestern China.Furthermore,changes in both the mean and spread of precipitation and temperature can also contribute to changes in CDHEs.

关键词： Climate extreme Compound dry and hot extreme Precipitation Temperature Return period

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Plant–rodent interactions after a heavy snowfall decrease plant regeneration and soil carbon emission in an old-growth forest

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Forest Ecosystems 2021年第2期8卷 403-412页

作者： Qingqiu Zhou Debao Li Shangwen Xia Zhe Chen Bo Wang Jianping Wu Yunnan Key Laboratory of Plant Reproductive Adaptation and Evolutionary Ecology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology and Health in Universities of Yunnan Province School of Ecology and Environmental SciencesYunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden Chinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China School of Resources and Environmental Engineering Anhui UniversityHefei 230601China

Background:Climate extremes are likely to become more common in the future and are expected to change ecosystem processes and functions.As important consumers of seeds in forests,rodents are likely to affect forest regeneration following an extreme weather event.In April 2015,we began a field experiment after an extreme snowfall event in January 2015 in a primary forest that was>300 years old.The heavy snow broke many tree limbs,which presumably reduced the numbers of seeds produced.Two treatments(rodent exclusion and rodent access)were established in the forest,in which rodent exclusion were achieved by placing stainlessness nets around the plot borders.Plant abundance,plant species richness,soil properties,soil microbial community composition,basal and substrate-induced respiration were determined in December 2017.Results:Plant abundance and species richness significantly increased,but soil microbial biomass decreased with rodent exclusion.Urease activity and soil basal respiration also significantly decreased with rodent exclusion.Most other soil properties,however,were unaffected by rodent exclusion.The relative effects of multiple predictors of basal respiration were mainly explained by the composition of the soil microbial community.Conclusions:After a heavy snowfall in an old-growth forest,exclusion of rodents increased plant regeneration and reduced microbial biomass and soil basal respiration.The main factor associated with the reduction in soil basal respiration was the change in the composition of the soil microbial community.These findings suggest that after a heavy snowfall,rodents may interfere with forest regeneration by directly reducing plant diversity and abundance but may enhance carbon retention by indirectly altering the soil microbial community.

关键词： Climate extreme PLFAs Soil respiration Forest ecosystem Enzyme activity

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Impacts of climate variability and extremes on global net primary production in the first decade of the 21st century

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2015年第9期25卷 1027-1044页

作者： PAN Shufen TIAN Hanqin DANGAL Shree R.S. OUYANG Zhiyun LU Chaoqun YANG Jia TAO Bo REN Wei BANGER Kamaljit YANG Qichun ZHANG Bowen International Center for climate and Global Change Research School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences Auburn University AL-36849 USA State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences CAS Beijing 100085 China

A wide variety of studies have estimated the magnitude of global terrestrial net primary production （NPP）, but its variations, both spatially and temporally, still remain uncertain. By using an improved process-based terrestrial ecosystem model （DLEM, Dynamic Land Ecosystem Model）, we provide an estimate of global terrestrial NPP induced by multiple environmental factors and examine the response of terrestrial NPP to climate variability at biome and global levels and along latitudes throughout the first decade of the 21st century. The model simulation estimates an average global terrestrial NPP of 54.6 Pg C yr-1 during 2000-2009, varying from 52.8 Pg C yr-1 in the dry year of 2002 to 56.4 Pg C yr-1 in the wet year of 2008. In wet years, a large increase in terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean was prevalent in Amazonia, Africa and Australia. In dry years, however, we found a 3.2% reduction in global terrestrial NPP compared to the decadal mean, primarily due to limited moisture supply in tropical regions. At a global level, precipitation explained approximately 63% of the variation in terrestrial NPP, while the rest was attributed to changes in temperature and other environmental factors. Precipitation was the major factor determining inter-annual variation in terrestrial NPP in low-latitude regions. However, in midand high-latitude regions, temperature variability largely controlled the magnitude of terrestrial NPP. Our results imply that pro- jected climate warming and increasing Climate extreme events would alter the magnitude and spatiotemporal patterns of global terrestrial NPP.

关键词： climate variability Climate extreme drought global terrestrial ecosystem net primary production（NPP）

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Assessing Change of Lamto Reserve Area Based on the MODIS Time Series Data and Bioclimatic Factors Using BFAST Algorithms

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第4期13卷 517-540页

作者： Christian Jonathan Anoma Kouassi Dilawar Khan Lutumba Suika Achille James Kehinde Omifolaji Mikouendanandi Mouendo Rahmat Brice Espoire Kebin Zhang Xiaohui Yang School of Soil and Water Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Department of Forestry and Wildlife Management Federal University Dutse Dutse Jigawa State Nigeria School of Economics and Management Beijing Forestry University Beijing China Institute of Desertification Studies Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing China

Lamto Reserve area is a savannah landscape threatened by periodic drought, and anthropogenic activities leading to natural ecological imbalance. The ecological support services of the landscape had been significantly impacted by the grassland ecosystem. The Breaks for Additive Season and Trend Algorithms have been implemented in R to analyze the land cover/land use dynamic in relation to the climatic driver of Lamto forest from 2000 to 2020. We examine the vegetation state breaks using vegetation phenological patterns, and several time series including the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and the Enhanced Vegetation Index, were studied utilizing Breaks for Additive Season and Trend. The findings indicate that the phenological changes in the vegetation in 2020 resulted from an increased temperature from (27.7°C) to (32.17°C), and a decrease in precipitation (71.75 millimeters). The analysis of variance ANOVA of the non-parametric Mann-Kendall test reveals a strong correlation between Precipitation/Evapotranspiration Grass (p mperature/Evapotranspiration Grass (p extremes and reduced rainfall.

关键词： Assessing Break Change Detection Land Cover Climate extreme Vegetation Vulnerability

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Geographical Patterns and Temporal Variations of Regional Dry and Wet Heatwave Events in China during 1960–2008

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第2期28卷 322-337页

作者：丁婷钱维宏 Monsoon and Environment Research Group School of Physics Peking University

Daily maximum/minimum temperatures and relative humidity records from 510 stations in China for the period 1960–2008 were used to investigate geographical patterns and temporal variations of heatwave （HW） events. Dry and wet HW events were compared by different definitions. Regionally, both dry and wet HW events are commonly located in southeastern China in the monsoon area, with neither type occurring in the northeast part of Northeast China and Southwest China, while the north-northwest region of the country experiences dry HW events and a few wet HW events. In the southeast of the country, site dry HW events occurred from April to September and mostly in June, while site wet HW events occurred from April to October and mostly in September. In total, 163 regional wet HW events were identified. The ten longest regional wet HW events lasted for more than 20 days, while the mean duration for 163 events was about 11 days. For the top ten events, six occurred after the 1990s, compared with four before this time. Global surface warming was clear since 1979, but the frequency and severity of regional wet HW events were relatively low in the 1980s, increasing remarkably since the 1990s. Possible reasons for this might be the strong interdecadal and interannual variations in regional atmospheric circulations, as well as water transport related directly to temperature contrasts in different regions, rather than global-mean temperature changes.

关键词： Climate extreme heatwave geographical pattern temporal variation China

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Trends of Temperature extreme Indices over Arusha and Kilimanjaro Regions in Tanzania

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Atmospheric and climate Sciences 2021年第3期11卷 520-534页

作者： Ladislaus Benedict Chang’a Lovina Peter Japheth Agnes Lawrence Kijazi Elisia Hamisi Zobanya Leila Francis Muhoma Meshack Anton Mliwa Jafari Swalehe Chobo Research and Applied Meteorology Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania Agrometeorological Section Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania Climatology and climate Change Section Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania Volunteers Tanzania Meteorological Authority Dar es Salaam Tanzania

The study aimed at analyzing the trends and variability of temperature extremes over the northeastern highlands in Tanzania, specifically over Arusha and Kilimanjaro regions. Quality controlled mean monthly, daily maximum and minimum temperature data for the period 1961 to 2020, obtained from Tanzania Meteorological Authority, were used in the study. Rclimdex and the National Climate Monitoring Products (NMCP) software, developed by the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), were used for computation of the indices at a monthly, season

关键词： Climate extreme Warm Night Cold Night extreme Temperature Indices NCMP

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Assessment of Spatial Distribution and Temporal Trends of Precipitation and Its extremes over Nigeria

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American Journal of climate Change 2021年第3期10卷 331-352页

作者： Moses Owoicho Audu Emmanuel Ejembi Tertsee Igbawua Department of Physics Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria Department of Natural and Applied Sciences Namibia University of Science and Technology Namibia

This study analyzed the spatial distribution and temporal trends of precipitation and its extremes over Nigeria from 1979-2013 using climate indices, in order to assess climatic extremes in the country. Daily precipitation data used in this study were obtained from Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET), Lagos. The study used climate indices developed by the Expert Team on climate Change Detection (ETCCDI) for assessing extreme precipitation. Sen’s slope estimator and Mann-Kendall trend test were employed in data analysis. Results revealed that precipitation and its extremes varied spatially across Nigeria. Significant negative trends were observed in most of the precipitation indices for the period under study. Furthermore, significant downward trends were observed in the CWD (Consecutive Wet Day) while the CDD (Consecutive Dry Day) showed significant upward trends in all the regions. These spatial and temporal changes indicate that Nigeria’s climate is trending towards a warmer and drier condition, which could be attributed to global warming-induced climate change;which altered historical rainfall patterns thereby leading to extreme events. The findings of this study have provided useful information in understanding the extreme events that are assumed by the general populace to be normal recurrent events in Nigeria. The results of the analysis of yearly and decadal changes in precipitation totals and extreme values for the last 35 years (1979-2013) suggest the likelihood of severe impacts on water resources, agriculture, and water-sensitive economic activities

关键词： climate Indices Climate extreme climate Change Spatial Pattern Temporal Trends Nigeria

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How to Deal with Climate extremes in Plant:Priming,Hardening and Memory

How to Deal with Climate Extremes in Plant:Priming,Hardening...

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第十五次中国小麦栽培科学学术研讨会

作者： Xiangnan Li~1,Xiao Wang~1,Fulai Liu~2,Weixing Cao~1,Dong Jiang~(1*) (1 Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Production,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanjing Agricultural University,P.R.China 2 University of Copenhagen,Faculty of Life Sciences,Department of Agriculture and Ecology,Hφjbakkegaard Alle 13,DK-2630 Taastrup,Denmark)

Increased frequency of exposure to extreme climatic events affects the subsequent response in plant.Priming or hardening with a previous abiotic stress endows plant with higher tolerance to future stresses.However,process of seed priming or plant hardening(acclimation) and further mechanism of cross stress memory were still unclear.Recent studies have made a large improvement in descripting how to deal with repeated Climate extremes in plant.Here,we introduced the concept of plant hardening and seed priming and summarized the recent development in studies on plant hardening. Mechanisms of cross-talk in abiotic stress tolerance and memory were also further discussed.

关键词： priming hardening abiotic stress cross stress memory Climate extreme

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An Analysis of climatic characteristics of thunderstorms over the drainage area of Qinghai Lake in China

An Analysis of climatic characteristics of thunderstorms ove...

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中国气象学会2006年年会“气候变化及其机理和模拟”分...

作者： Yunjun Zhoua, Dujun Zhoub, Tie Yuanc, Guili Fenga aCold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China bQinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining 810001, China cLanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China

Located at the northeast verge of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and with the multiform environmental characteristics of ground surface and appropriate conditions of water vapor and heat flux, thunderstorms

关键词： Lightning Climate extreme Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

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Preface

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2011年第2期28卷 245-245页

作者： Dr. YAN Zhongwei GAS Key Laboratory of Regional climate-Environment in East Asia CAS Key Laboratory of Regional climate-Environment in East Asia Beijing China

During recent decades, regional Climate extremes in the context of global climate change have received increasing attention in China, as have increasing economic losses associated with droughts, rainstorms, cold surge... 详细信息

关键词： Global Warming extreme Precipitation Empirical Mode Decomposition East Asian Monsoon Climate extreme

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