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Spatio-temporal variation of the wet-dry conditions from 1961 to 2015 in China

Science China Earth Sciences 2017年第11期60卷 2041-2050页

作者： YUAN QuanZhi WU ShaoHong DAI ErFu ZHAO DongSheng ZHANG XueRu REN Ping Key Lab of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest Ministry of EducationSichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610068China Institute of Geography and Resources Science Sichuan Normal UniversityChengdu 610101China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing Jiaotong UniversityChongqing 400074China School of Public Administration Hebei University of Economics and BusinessShijiazhuang 050061China

As an important part of the regional environment, the wet-dry climate condition is determined by precipitation and potential evapotranspiration （expressed as ETo）. Based on weather station data, this study first calculated ETo by using the FAO56 Penrnan-Monteith model. Then, the dryness index K （ratio of ETo to precipitation） was used to study the spatio-temporal variation of the wet-dry condition in China from 1961 to 2015; moreover, dominant climatic factors of the wet-dry condition change were discussed. The annual precipitation and ETo of the Qinling-Huaihe line were close to a balance （K≈1.0）. The annual precipitation in most areas exceeded the ETo in the south of this line and the east of Hengduan Mountains （K〈0.0）, where the climate is wet. Furthermore, the precipitation in the northwest inland areas of China, where the climate is dry, was markedly lower than ETo （K≥4.0）. The overall annual K of China fluctuated around the 55-year mean and its linear trend was not significant. However, a relatively wet period of about 10 yr （1987-1996） was recorded. The overall annual K of China showed strong cyclicality on the time scale of 3, 7-8, 11 and 26-28 yr, and regional differences of the annual K trends and cyclicality were large. The degrees of wetness in the Northwest China and western Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were substantially increased, whereas the degrees of dryness in the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau, Sichuan Basin, and Loess Plateau were markedly increased. The linear trend of the annual K in most regions of China was not significant, and the annual K of most areas in China showed strong cyclicality on the 8-14 yr time scale. Precipitation was the dominant factor of wet-dry condition change in most areas, especially in North China, where the annual K change was highly correlated with precipitation.

关键词： Wet-dry condition climate dryness index Potential evapotranspiration climate change China

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