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Resilience Building and Collaborative Governance for climate change adaptation in Response to a New State of More Frequent and Intense Extreme Weather Events

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第1期14卷 162-169页

作者： Huiling Ouyang Xu Tang Renhe Zhang Alexander Baklanov Guy Brasseur Rajesh Kumar Qunli Han Yong Luo Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences Fudan UniversityShanghai200438China Fudan Development Institute Fudan UniversityShanghai200433China Integrated Research on Disaster Risk(IRDR)International Centre of Excellence(ICoE)on Risk Interconnectivity and Governance on Weather/climate Extremes Impact and Public Health Fudan UniversityShanghai200438China Science and Innovation Department World Meteorological Organization(WMO)CH1211GenevaSwitzerland Max Planck Institute for Meteorology 20146HamburgGermany Research Applications Laboratory National Center for Atmospheric ResearchBoulderCO80301USA Integrated Research on Disaster Risk(IRDR)−International Programme Office(IPO) Beijing100094China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling and Department of Earth System ScienceTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China

The weather conditions of the summer of 2022 were very unusual,particularly in Eastern Asia,Europe,and North America.The devasting impact of climate change has come to our attention,with much hotter and drier conditions,and with more frequent and intense flooding events.Some extreme events have reached a dangerous level,increasingly threatening human lives.The interconnected risks caused by these extreme disaster events are triggering a chain effect,forcing us to respond to these crises through changes in our living environment,which affect the atmosphere,the biosphere,the economy including the availability of energy,our cities,and our global society.Moreover,we have to confront the abnormal consequences of untypical,rapid changes of extreme events and fast switches between extreme states,such as from severe drought to devastating flooding.Recognizing this new situation,it is crucial to improve the adaptation capacity of our societies in order to reduce the risks associated with climate change,and to develop smarter strategies for climate governance.High-quality development must be science-based,balanced,safe,sustainable,and climate-resilient,supported by the collaborative governance of climate mitigation and adaptation.This article provides some recommendations and suggestions for resilience building and collaborative governance with respect to climate adaptation in response to a new planetary state that is characterized by more frequent and severe extreme weather events.

关键词： climate change adaptation Collaborative governance Extreme weather events Resilience building

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Disaster Risk Reduction,climate change adaptation and Their Linkages with Sustainable Development over the Past 30 Years:AReview

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2023年第1期14卷 1-13页

作者： Jiahong Wen Chengcheng Wan Qian Ye Jianping Yan Weijiang Li School of Environment and Geographical Sciences Shanghai Normal UniversityShanghai200234China Integrated Risk Governance Project Beijing100875China Rodel Risk Solutions Inc. TorontoONM1W1J3Canada

The severe damage and impacts caused by extreme events in a changing climate will not only make the sustainable development goals difficult to achieve,but also erode the hard-won development gains of the past.This article reviews the major impacts and challenges of disaster and climate change risks on sustainable development,and summarizes the courses and linkages of disaster risk reduction(DRR),climate change adaptation(CCA),and sustainable development over the past 30 years.Our findings show that the conceptual development of DRR actions has gone through three general phases:disaster management in the 1990s,risk management in the 2000s,and resilient management and development in the 2010s.Gradually,CCA has been widely implemented to overcome the adverse effects of climate change.A framework is proposed for tackling climate change and disaster risks in the context of resilient,sustainable development,indicating that CCA is not a subset of DRR while they have similarities and differences in their scope and emphasis.It is crucial to transform governance mechanisms at different levels,so as to integrate CCA and DRR to reduce disaster and climate change risks,and achieve safe growth and a resilient future in the era of the Anthropocene.

关键词： climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Resilience Sustainable development goals United Nations

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Knowledge flow analysis of knowledge co-production-based climate change adaptation for lowland rice farmers in Bulukumba Regency,Indonesia

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Regional Sustainability 2023年第2期4卷 194-202页

作者： Arifah Darmawan SALMAN Amir YASSI Eymal Bahsar DEMMALLINO Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture Pangkep90652Indonesia Faculty of Agriculture Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar90245Indonesia

To increase the resilience of farmers’livelihood systems,detailed knowledge of adaptation strategies for dealing with the impacts of climate change is required.Knowledge co-production approach is an adaptation strategy that is considered appropriate in the context of the increasing frequency of disasters caused by climate change.Previous research of knowledge co-production on climate change adaptation in Indonesia is insufficient,particularly at local level,so we examined the flow of climate change adaptation knowledge in the knowledge co-production process through climate field school(CFS)activities in this study.We interviewed 120 people living in Bulukumba Regency,South Sulawesi Province,Indonesia,involving 12 crowds including male and female farmers participated in CFS and not participated in CFS,local government officials,agriculture extension workers,agricultural traders,farmers’family members and neighbors,etc.In brief,the 12 groups of people mainly include two categories of people,i.e.,people involved in CFS activities and outside CFS.We applied descriptive method and Social network analysis(SNA)to determine how knowledge flow in the community network and which groups of actors are important for knowledge flow.The findings of this study reveal that participants in CFS activities convey the knowledge they acquired formally(i.e.,from TV,radio,government,etc.)and informally(i.e.,from market,friends,relatives,etc.)to other actors,especially to their families and neighbors.The results also show that the acquisition and sharing of knowledge facilitate the flow of climate change adaptation knowledge based on knowledge co-operation.In addition,the findings highlight the key role of actors in the knowledge transfer process,and key actors involved in disseminating information about climate change adaptation.To be specific,among all the actors,family member and neighbor of CFS actor are the most common actors in disseminating climate knowledge information and closest to other actors in the network;agricultural trade

关键词： climate change adaptation Knowledge flow Knowledge co-production climate field school(CFS) Social network analysis(SNA) Indonesia

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Seaweed farming for food and nutritional security,climate change mitigation and adaptation,and women empowerment:A review

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2023年第5期8卷 463-480页

作者： Fahmida Sultana Md Abdul Wahab Md Nahiduzzaman Md Mohiuddin Mohammad Zafar Iqbal Abrar Shakil Abdullah-Al Mamun Md Sadequr Rahman Khan LiLian Wong Md Asaduzzaman Department of Marine Bioresource Science Faculty of FisheriesChattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences UniversityKhulshiChattogram4225Bangladesh ECOFISH-II Activity WorldFishBangladesh and South Asia OfficeBananiDhaka1213Bangladesh Department of Fisheries and Marine Science Noakhali Science and Technology UniversityNoakhali3814Bangladesh Institute of Marine Biotechnology Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala-TerengganuTerengganu21030Malaysia

Seaweed is a promising marine macroalgae of the millennium,providing various ecological,social,and economic benefits.At present,seaweed production reached 35.8 million t from farming,accounting for 97%of global seaweed output,with a world market of US$11.8 billion.Seaweeds are an excellent source of nutritious human food because of their low lipid content,high minerals,fibers,polyunsaturated fatty acids,polysaccharides,vitamins,and bioactive compounds.Many seaweed sub-products offer unique properties to develop various functional foods for the food processing industries.In the perspective of climate change mitigation,seaweed farms absorb carbon,serve as a CO_(2)sink and reduce agricultural emissions by providing raw materials for biofuel production and livestock feed.Seaweed farming system also helps in climate change adaptation by absorbing wave energy,safeguarding shorelines,raising the pH of the surrounding water,and oxygenating the waters to minimize the impacts of ocean acidification and hypoxia on a localized scale.Moreover,it contributes substantially to the sustainable development of the economic condition of coastal women by providing livelihood opportunities and ensuring financial solvency.This review paper highlights the significance of seaweed farming in global food and nutritional security,mitigation and adaptation to global climate change,and women empowerment within a single frame.This review paper also outlined the major issues and challenges of seaweed farming for obtaining maximum benefits in these aspects.The main challenges of making seaweed as a staple diet to millions of people include producing suitable species of seaweeds,making seaweed products accessible,affordable,nutritionally balanced,and attractive to the consumers.Various food products must be developed from seaweeds that may be considered equivalent to the foods consumed by humans today.Lack of effective marine spatial planning to avoid user conflicts is vital for expanding the seaweed farming systems to provide aquatic foods and c

关键词： Seaweed Functional food Nutritional security Blue carbon climate change adaptation Women empowerment

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Convergent Agency:Encouraging Transdisciplinary Approaches for Effective climate change adaptation and Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2016年第4期7卷 430-435页

作者： América Bendito Edmundo Barrios Department of Civil Engineering Universidad de Los Andes World Agroforestry Centre(ICRAF)

Three recent global agreements have been established to facilitate the implementation of global-level responsibilities to deal with disaster risk reduction(DRR),human development,and climate change adaptation(CCA)respectively.While these agreements have a common goal of reducing social,economic,and environmental vulnerability,they have been developed by largely independent communities of practice.This has limited cross-fertilization despite the inherent multidimensional nature of global challenges and the considerable thematic overlap.We argue that developing a transdisciplinary strategy that effectively integrates disciplines,approaches,and knowledge systems will lead to greater and more sustainable impacts,together with a more efficient use of financial resources.Hybrid approaches should be encouraged during planning of future development efforts so that risk reduction is conducted simultaneously with CCA.Transdisciplinary processes are central to generating contextsensitive knowledge to support decisions on CCA and DRR options that minimize trade-offs and maximize synergies and complementarities required to guide sustainable development trajectories.Finally,building codes together with climate and risk-smart research,education,and awareness raising,are identified as priority entry points to materialize the blending of DRR and CCA approaches and effectively reduce risk while mitigating and adapting to climate change.

关键词： Building codes climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Sustainable development goals Transdisciplinary knowledge

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Perceived Adverse Effects of Separating Government Institutions for Disaster Risk Reduction and climate change adaptation Within the Southern African Development Community Member States

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2021年第1期12卷 1-12页

作者： Livhuwani D.Nemakonde Dewald Van Niekerk Per Becker Sizwile Khoza African Centre for Disaster Studies Unit for Environmental Sciences and ManagementNorth-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2522South Africa Lund University Centre for Risk Assessment and Management(LUCRAM) Lund University22100 LundSweden

Integration of disaster risk reduction(DRR)and climate change adaptation(CCA)is widely recognized as a solution for reducing the risk and impacts of disasters.However,successful integration seems elusive,and the two goals continue to function in isolation and in parallel.This article provides empirical insights into the perceived effects of separating government institutions for DRR and CCA within the Southern African Development Community member states.A mixed method research design was applied to the study.A total of 40 respondents from Botswana,Eswatini(until April 2018 Swaziland),Madagascar,Malawi,Namibia,South Africa,Tanzania,Zambia,and Zimbabwe participated in face-to-face interviews or an online survey.Five major effects of separating the organizations for DRR and CCA that impede efforts to reduce disaster risk coherently were identified:duplication of services,polarization of interventions,incoherent policies,competition for the same resources,and territorial contests.Given the continued fragmentation of institutions for DRR and CCA,highlighting these effects is important to emphasize the need for integrated approaches towards the reduction of disaster risk.

关键词： climate change adaptation Disaster risk reduction Southern African Development Community Sustainable development

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Loss and Damage as an Alternative to Resilience and Vulnerability?Preliminary Reflections on an Emerging climate change adaptation Discourse

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2014年第1期5卷 88-93页

作者： Alexander Fekete Patrick Sakdapolrak Risk and Crisis Management Section Cologne University of Applied Sciences50679 CologneGermany Department of Geography University of Bonn53115 BonnGermany

One relatively novel way of assessing the characteristics and limitations of resilience and vulnerability(R&V)is undertaken in this article by investigating a growing alternative paradigm—loss and damage(L&D)policy.The idea of L&D as an emerging policy may be surprising to many in the disaster risk management community,and so we first outline the origins of this trend,and then explore the potential benefits and pitfalls of adopting it.This short article represents our preliminary opinions and observations regarding this reintroduction of a longestablished concept.We also present results from a very brief peer-group survey on some of the first immediate reactions towards L&D policy.At this early stage,this article cannot offer a full-fledged analysis,but our reflections may serve as a starting point to encourage further discussion.

关键词： climate change adaptation Loss and damage Resilience Vulnerability

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Identifying coastal towns and small cities in Denmark using global population data to support climate change adaptation

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2020年第9期13卷 1040-1054页

作者： James M.Fitton Martin Lehmann David C.Major Department of Planning Aalborg UniversityAalborgDenmark The Earth Institute Columbia UniversityNew YorkNYUSA

Coastal settlements face many hazards from climate change.Consequently,there has been extensive focus on developing and implementing adaptation.However,these efforts have prodominantly centred on larger cities.Coastal towns and small cities(urban areas between 1000 and 100,000 people)have received little attention,despite experiencing a number of barriers to adaptation.The absence of information on the global scale of the adaptation challenge within coastal towns and small cities may have contributed to these settlements being overlooked.This paper develops a method that can be used to estimate the numbers,sizes,and locations of coastal towns and small cities worldwide from global population data(Global Human Settlement data).Denmark is used as a pilot for this method with settlements over 1000 people classified with relatively high accuracy.The method developed here represents a potentially fruitful approach to supporting coastal adaptation,as coastal towns and small cities are identifiable globally,they can be classified into types.This will support an assessment of their risk to coastal hazards,and could facilitate knowledge and practice sharing between similar coastal towns and small cities.

关键词： climate change adaptation global data coastal hazards Denmark small urban areas

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Vector-borne disease and climate change adaptation in African dryland socialecological systems

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第3期8卷 94-94页

作者： Bruce A.Wilcox Pierre Echaubard Michel de Garine-Wichatitsky Bernadette Ramirez ASEAN Institute for Health Development Mahidol University999 Salaya Phuttam onthonNakon Pathom 73170Thailand 不详

Background:Drylands,which are among the biosphere's most naturally limiting and environmentally variable ecosystems,constitute three-quarters of the African continent.As a result,environmental sustainability and human development along with vector-borne disease(VBD)control historically have been especially challenging in Africa,particularly in the sub-Saharan and Sahelian drylands.Here,the VBD burden,food insecurity,environmental degradation,and social vulnerability are particularly severe.Changing climate can exacerbate the legion of environmental health threats in Africa,the social dimensions of which are now part of the international development agenda.Accordingly,the need to better understand the dynamics and complex coupling of populations and environments as exemplified by drylands is increasingly recognized as critical to the design of more sustainable interventions.Main body:This scoping review examines the challenge of vector-borne disease control in drylands with a focus on Africa,and the dramatic,ongoing environmental and social changes taking place.Dryland societies persisted and even flourished in the past despite changing climates,extreme and unpredictable weather,and marginal conditions for agriculture.Yet intrusive forces largely out of the control of traditional dryland societies,along with the negative impacts of globalization,have contributed to the erosion of dryland's cultural and natural resources.This has led to the loss of resilience underlying the adaptive capacity formerly widely exhibited among dryland societies.A growing body of evidence from studies of environmental and natural resource management demonstrates how,in light of dryland system's inherent complexity,these factors and top-down interventions can impede sustainable development and vector-borne disease control.Strengthening adaptive capacity through community-based,participatory methods that build on local knowledge and are tailored to local ecological conditions,hold the best promise of reversing current trends.Conclusions:A

关键词： Vector-borne diseases Integrated vector management Complexity Social-ecological system Biodiversity Resilience climate change adaptation Traditional knowledge Adaptive vector borne disease management

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Financial Support Mechanisms and Financing Instruments for climate change adaptation

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2016年第2期7卷 242-252页

作者： Shih-Fang Lo Chou-Yen Wu Chun-Hsu Lin Center for Green Economy Chung-Hua Institution for Economic Research Taiwan Research Division V Taiwan Institute of Economic Research Taiwan

Extreme weather has been having an increase in frequency and severity because of global warming. Heavy financial burden on governments has been increasing as reconstruction of natural disaster and prevention of public construction spending. Unlike the climate mitigation activities, the main purpose of climate adaptation is to establish climate risk management system. We discuss several types of financing instruments and collect several cases in both developed and developing countries internationally. We find that budget reallocation or government bonds are regularly used for losses from natural disaster in developing countries while both government bonds and insurance penetration are used to against catastrophe risks in the developed countries. Finally, we also find that insurance-related instruments are feasible and have been applied in some middle-income countries with assistance from the World Bank.

关键词： climate change adaptation Insurance Tools Capital Market Review Case Study

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