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Measuring the geometry of a developing scour hole in clear-water conditions using underwater sonar scanning

International Journal of Sediment Research 2020年第1期35卷 105-114页

作者： Ashley Rogers Costantino Manes Toru Tsuzaki Faculty of Engineering and the Environment University of Southampton Department of Environmental Land and Infrastructure Engineering

A novel scanning technique using a rotating-head sonar profiler attached to a slider mechanism is presented as a means to directly measure the complex erosion and deposition features of local scour holes developing in clear-water conditions around vertical cylinders mimicking bridge *** validation shows that the method produces high-density elevation surfaces to within≌1.5±2 mm accuracy in a quasi-non-invasive *** equates to 0.5±0.7% relative to the flow depth which sonar resolution is well known to scale *** data from three trials using different cylinder diameters indicate that monitoring of the entire scour hole over time(instead of only the maximum depth as is commonly done in laboratory experiments) can reveal important information about local scour *** particular,results show that the scour-hole volume scales with the maximum scour depth cubed(V-y~3) through three linear *** transition to the third linear regime was found to represent a step change in the scour evolution *** the recent theoretical framework proposed by Manes and Brocchini(2015),this change,termed the crossover point,was interpreted as the point where the production of turbulent kinetic energy plateaus which corresponds to a stabilization in the erosive power of the horseshoe *** development beyond the crossover point is characterised by a significant reduction in the rate of volumetric scour,relative to the steadily-increasing maximum scour *** overall reduction in volume-development is attributed to a balance between erosion from in-front of the pier and deposition around the sides using topography *** is speculated that the existence of the crossover point may help to identify the characteristic length and time scales describing the evolution of local scour,which may be used for modeling purposes.

关键词： Local scour Scour volume clear water Sonar Scour hole geometry Similarity

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Sacrificial piles as a countermeasure against local scour around underwater pipelines

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water Science and Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 187-196页

作者： Forough Raeisi Seyed Mohammad Ali Zomorodiann Masih Zolghadr Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla Department of water Engineering Shiraz UniversityShiraz ***Iran Department of water Sciences Engineering Jahrom UniversityJahrom ***Iran Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of the West IndiesSt.Augustine CampusTrinidad 331310Republic of Trinidad and Tobago

Local scour around pipelines crossing rivers or in marine environments is a significant *** can lead to failure of the pipelines resulting in environmental side effects and economic *** study developed an experimental method to reduce local scour around pipelines with a steady flow of clear water by installing cylindrical and cubical sacrificial *** sizes of sacrificial piles were examined in a linear *** piles were installed on the upstream side of the pipeline at three *** scour depth reduction rates below the pipeline were *** results showed that sacrificial piles could protect a pipeline from local scour.A portion of scoured sediment around the sacrificial piles was deposited beneath the *** sediment accumulation reduced the scour depth beneath the *** of the experimental results demonstrated that the size of piles(d),the spacing between piles,and the distance between the pipe and piles(Xp)were the variables that reduced the maximum scour beneath the pipeline with a diameter of *** the piles with d=0.40D and 0.64D,X_(p)=4OD was the optimal distance to install a group of piles,and cubical piles could mitigate scour more effectively than cylindrical piles under similar *** the piles with d=D,the greatest reduction in scour depth was achieved at X_(p)=50D with any desired spacings between piles,and cylindrical piles in this dimension could protect the pipeline against scour more effectively than cubical piles.

关键词： clear water River crossing pipeline Local scour Self-burial process Sediment transport

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